Macclesfield College

A single easy-to-use tool to provide a built-in quantitative way to show how method choices impact greenness.

Trace water addition drives the electrochemical removal of a Pd catalyst from organic synthesis reaction solutions.

Electrophilic N-F fluorination agents underpin the introduction of fluorine in aliphatic systems across drug and academic research. The choice of N-F reagent is currently determined through empirical experimentation in the absence of quantitative values for electrophilicities. Here we report an experimentally-determined kinetic reactivity scale for ten N-F fluorinating reagents, including Selectfluor™, NFSI, Synfluor™ and several N-fluoropyridinium salts, in CH3CN. The reactivity scale, which covers eight orders of magnitude, employs para-substituted 1,3-diaryl-1,3-dicarbonyl derivatives to measure relative and absolute rate constants. The para-substituted 1,3-diaryl-1,3-dicarbonyl scaffold delivers a convenient, sensitive spectrophotometric reporter of reactivity that also led to the discovery of a unique form of tautomeric polymorphism.

Water has a magic effect on the nucleation kinetics of an aminobenzoic acid – stacking interactions baffle Ostwald's rule and offer dual pathways.

A simple method for the accurate calculation of optimal flow rates for photochemical reactions from optimized batch results is described and demonstrated in the scale-up of three challenging examples.

The improved performance of the sparteine surrogate compared to sparteine in a range of applications has highlighted the need to develop an approach to the (-)-sparteine surrogate, previously inaccessible in gram-quantities. A multi-gram scale, chromatography-free synthesis of the racemic sparteine surrogate and its resolution via diastereomeric salt formation with (-)-O,O'-di-p-toluoyl-l-tartaric acid is reported. Resolution on a 10.0 mmol scale gave the diastereomeric salts in 33% yield from which (-)-sparteine surrogate of 93 : 7 er was generated. This work solves a key limitation: either enantiomer of the sparteine surrogate can now be readily accessed.

Helen Graham addresses a wide range of topics and themes which underpin concepts of healing. Part I offers a well informed and succinct overview of perspectives of healing. Ms Graham summarises the key elements of ancient and modern approaches to healing before addressing both Eastern and Western approaches to this topic. This is a fascinating section and places recent developments in medicine within a sociocultural context.

Any primary healthcare professional would find the information in this book useful even though it is directed at GPs. The book condenses facts and figures about general practice in the NHS and includes data on population morbidity and mortality as well as GP characteristics and distribution

A relative of mine recently suffered mental illness and was admitted to the local psychiatric hospital. From the experience I would endorse everything in Patrick Davies’ article ‘No escape’(Opinion August 14).