Malabar Institute of Medical Sciences

Olive Ridley Turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) are encountering substantial threats and vulnerabilities at their nesting site in Kolavipalam, Kozhikode, Kerala, India. This study seeks to evaluate the current status of Olive Ridley turtle, identify principal threats, and propose appropriate conservation measures. Data obtained from the local NGO, Theeram Prakriti Samrakshana Samiti, indicate a declining trend in the number of nesting turtles and hatching success rates over the past 24 years. The Garret ranking method was utilized to rank the primary factors contributing to the decline, with sand mining identified as the most significant threat, followed by coastal erosion, sea wall construction, climate change, incidental catch in trawl nets, tourism activities, and pollution. The study underscores the urgent need for a comprehensive conservation model that integrates community-based approaches with stringent law enforcement and habitat protection. The proposed framework emphasizes inclusive, locally-driven efforts involving primary stakeholders such as local communities, fishermen, with support from NGOs, environmentalists and researchers, alongside institutional bodies like the Forest Department, Department of Tourism, and municipalities. Key components of the framework include capacity building, conservation actions, sustainable eco-tourism initiatives, research and monitoring, and policy and institutional support. The ultimate objective is to ensure sustainable development and biodiversity protection through science-backed and community-centred conservation of Olive Ridley turtles. Future research should focus on analysing the effects of rising temperatures on nesting and hatchling ratios using advanced technologies, developing innovative solutions for reducing pollution and human impacts, and ensuring the long-term sustainability of conservation efforts through combined efforts of government and NGOs.

Aphantasia is defined as the absence or marked reduction of conscious, wakeful imagery. Most of the people with aphantasia live normal lives with intact attention, memory, and intelligence. We are presenting a case of acquired aphantasia presenting as Cotard’s syndrome. A 55-year-old woman presented with a long-standing complaint that she had lost her mind. Formal testing showed absence of visual and sensory imagery and poor theory of mind skills. MRI brain showed subcortical and deep cerebral white matter lesions in the bilateral frontal and parietal lobes. This patient raises the question of how a person subjectively knows that he or she has a mind. And how the clinician can understand whether a person is having a subjective experience of mind-the philosophical problem of other minds.

Abstract Tumor lysis syndrome is triggered by rapid malignant cell destruction following chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiation and is usually seen in leukemias and lymphomas. It leads to the release of intracellular contents causing metabolic disturbances such as hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and secondary hypokalcemia. These imbalances can result in acute kidney injury, cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, and death. Management involves vigilant monitoring in high-risk cases, aggressive IV hydration, and pharmacologic interventions including allopurinol and rasburicase. Anterior mediastinal masses (AMMs) in children commonly lymphomas represent a critical oncologic emergency due to their potential to cause life-threatening respiratory and cardiovascular compromise. AMMs often compress vital thoracic structures, leading to symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, stridor, orthopnea, syncope, and superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome. These effects are exacerbated under anesthesia. Risk stratification based on clinical symptoms and imaging findings is essential to guide safe diagnostic and anesthetic planning. Anesthetic management prioritizes spontaneous ventilation, strategic positioning, and readiness for emergency interventions. SVC syndrome results from the obstruction of the SVC by mediastinal masses. This can lead to head-and-neck edema and acute and rapid development of symptoms of blood flow obstruction, respiratory compromise, and neurologic manifestations.

Packaging is considered essential for protecting food from spoilage and enhancing food safety. Synthetic, petrochemical-derived plastics are commonly utilized, but improper use and inadequate recycling have resulted in severe environmental impacts and have imposed serious health risks. To address these concerns, biopolymer-based plastics with active and intelligent functions have been increasingly emphasized in the field of food science, with the goal of improving food safety and reducing packaging waste. In this context, gluten, a protein-based biopolymer, could be useful alternative to synthetic polymer and as well as an emerging tactic to fabricate edible and sustainable active and intelligent packaging. Eventhough there are only few article published on gluten-based packaging but yet it received significant attention to the researcher recently. No review comprehensively elucidated the potential of gluten in smart packaging application. This review primarily focuses on the advances in gluten in active and intelligent packaging film. The chemistry, properties, and source of gluten are briefly introduced and followed by the fabrication, characteristics, and properties of active and intelligent system. Gluten-based active and intelligent packaging used to maintain and monitoring various food products while they are being stored are discussed and then, the challenges and future scope of this packaging are debated. It has been demonstrated that gluten may be utilized to create functional smart food packaging. Active and intelligent packaging film/coatings can be developed by mixing gluten and other biopolymers with active ingredients. Gluten-based films and coatings have been shown to be effective in extending shelf-life and enabling real-time monitoring of spoilage in both fresh and processed foods.