Modulim (United States)

The Spectrometric Telescope for X-ray Imaging (STIX) was successfully launched on February 9, 2020 from Cape Canaveral aboard the Solar Orbiter satellite. The first mission in the European Space Agency's Cosmic Vision scientific program has been orbiting the Sun for over five years, providing new insights into the physics of solar flares with an unprecedented orbit, passing as close as 0.29 astronomical units from the Sun center.

e LILACS.Os critrios de incluso para a seleo da amostra foram: artigos publicados nos ltimos dez anos (2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019)(2020)(2021)(2022)(2023)(2024) que tratassem da temtica em estudo, em portugus ou ingls.Resultados e Discusso: Utilizando os descritores selecionados, foram encontrados 46 estudos, com aplicao dos critrios estabelecidos, permaneceram 7 artigos que foram analisados, compondo assim a amostra final.A toro anexial uma das causas mais comuns de dor abdominopvica em mulheres no grvidas em idade reprodutiva, sendo 2,7% das emergncias cirrgicas.Esse quadro pode ocorrer tanto nos ovrios quanto em tubas uterinas, e tem como fatores de risco a presena de cistos no ovrio, massas anexiais, hiperestimulao ovariana e gravidez.O quadro clnico tem dor difusa na regio plvica de incio sbito, seguido por nuseas, vmitos e febre de baixa intensidade.A ultrassonografia transvaginal a modalidade de exame de imagem padro-ouro no diagnstico, sendo possvel observar o "sinal do redemoinho", presente na 88 a 100% dos casos de toro anexial.Entre os diagnsticos diferenciais, esto includos gestao ectpica, apendicite e pielonefrite.O tratamento mais indicado seria a laparoscopia para a distoro do anexo, tanto em gestantes quanto no grvidas para a preservao ovariana.No foi encontrado sinal clnico ou ultrassonogrfica que preveria a necessidade de cirurgia precoce ou sua eficincia na reduo da taxa de isquemia anexial

Widefield spatial frequency domain imaging of tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), superficial (HbT1) and deep (HbT2) hemoglobin concentrations was performed on an arterial-venous insufficiency created by a forearm vascular occlusion test in 15 healthy subjects. Measured StO2 and HbT2 were significantly higher for regions of interest having underlying vessels compared to those without (microvasclature) at each time point (p < 0.01). During occlusion, the decrease in StO2 was greater for microvascular regions. These spatially resolved measurements suggest that image-based analysis is important as probe measurements can be confounded by probe location on the heterogeneous tissue.

Microvascular disease (MVD) describes systemic changes in the small vessels (~100 um diameter) that impair tissue oxygenation and perfusion. MVD is a common but poorly monitored complication of diabetes. Recent studies have demonstrated that MVD: (i) is an independent risk factor for ulceration and amputation and (ii) increases risk of adverse limb outcomes synergistically with PAD. Despite the clinical relevance of MVD, microvascular evaluation is not standard in a vascular assessment. We evaluated 299 limbs from 153 patients seen clinically for possible lower extremity PAD. The patients were assessed by ankle brachial index (ABI), toe brachial index (TBI), and spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI). These measurements were evaluated and compared to patient MVD status, defined by clinical diagnoses of (in ascending order of severity) no diabetes; diabetes; diabetes + neuropathy; diabetes + neuropathy + retinopathy. SFDI-derived parameters HbT1 and StO2 were significantly different across the MVD groups (P < .001). A logistic regression model based on HbT1 and StO2 differentiated limbs with severe MVD (diabetes+neuropathy+retinopathy) from the larger group of limbs from patients with only diabetes (P = .001, area under the curve = 0.844). Neither ABI nor TBI significantly differentiated these populations. Standard assessment of PAD using ABI and TBI are inadequate for detecting MVD in at-risk populations. SFDI-defined HbT1 and StO2 are promising tools for evaluating MVD. Prospective studies with wound-based outcomes would be useful to further evaluate the role MVD assessment could play in routine clinical evaluation of patients at risk for lower extremity complications.

The use of free flaps in lower extremity reconstructive surgery has seen growing adoption for treating tissue loss in patients with diabetes mellitus and peripheral artery disease as a means for limb preservation. The superficial circumflex iliac perforator artery (SCIP) flap is one of the most commonly utilized flaps in foot reconstruction and has demonstrated benefits over amputation. Patients with impaired vascular and neurologic function are predisposed to complications following lower extremity reconstructive surgery, particularly ischemia in the angiosomes of the arteries used for flap anastomosis. We present the case of a patient who underwent successful SCIP flap reconstruction of the calcaneus but developed gangrene in the forefoot region supplied by a hypoplastic posterior tibial artery in subsequent months. The changes in tissue oxygenation and hemoglobin distribution of the foot are shown using spatial frequency domain imaging throughout the flap healing process and eventual tissue necrosis.

GEXF format added #49 Float weight support added #50 <code>tox.ini</code> added Menu optimized #48 <code>pyrgg.py</code> renamed to <code>graph_gen.py</code> Other functions moved to <code>functions.py</code> Test system modified <code>params.py</code> refactored <code>graph_gen.py</code> refactored #63 <code>functions.py</code> refactored <code>weight_str_to_number</code> function renamed to <code>convert_str_to_number</code> <code>branch_gen</code> function bugs fixed #63 <code>input_filter</code> function bug fixed #59 <code>gl_maker</code> function bug fixed #67 <code>CONTRIBUTING.md</code> updated <code>AUTHORS.md</code> updated <code>print_test</code> function removed <code>left_justify</code> function removed <code>justify</code> function removed <code>zero_insert</code> function removed

Summary Detection of buried remains of old structures is not always an easy target for electrical or electromagnetical methods as sometimes there is a low contrast between buried remains and embedded rocks or due the interference of modern infrastructure which makes difficult to isolate the buried remains signal or limits the deployment of geophysical profiles. In this paper, we present a successful case study, where local geophysical noise sources were overpassed by using ERT method. High-resolution 2D models allowed to locate buried remains of old facilities and even to reconstruct the footprint of an old building which displayed a complex “L” shape. The 3D ERT resulted model allowed to compare different sectors of the building, to extract the most probable foundation structure (different on two wings) and to analyze the construction rubble filling material.

Pressure ulcers (PU) are a significant problem facing the health system in the United States. Here, we present preliminary case studies demonstrating feasibility of Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging (SFDI) to assess skin status in high-risk populations and pre-existing wounds. SFDI is a wide-field non-contact optical imaging technology that uses structured light to obtain tissue optical properties and of tissue constituents. This study aims to determine the fit of SFDI for PU care and determine the next steps. Patients at risk for pressure ulcers were imaged using a near-infrared SFDI system. SFDI-derived images of tissue function (tissue hemoglobin, tissue oxygen saturation) and structure (tissue scattering) were then compared to each other as well as a blinded dermatologist's clinical impressions. Four case series were chosen to demonstrate the imaging capability of this technology. The first scenario demonstrates normal skin of three patients without skin breakdown with spatially uniform measures of tissue oxygen saturation, scattering, and blood volume. The second scenario demonstrates a stage II PU; the third case shows non-blanchable erythema of an unstageable PU; a fourth scenario is a clinically indistinguishable skin rash versus early stages of a PU. In all these cases, we observe spatial changes in tissue constituents (decrease in tissue oxygen saturation, increased blood pooling, decreased scattering). We have presented the first use of SFDI for pressure ulcer imaging and staging. This preliminary study demonstrates the feasibility of this optical technology to assess tissue oxygen saturation and blood volume status in a quantitative manner. With the proposed improvements in modeling and hardware, SFDI has potential to provide a means for pressure ulcer risk stratification, healing and staging. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:827-834, 2017 © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

BackgroundDetecting failing tissue flaps before they are clinically apparent has the potential to improve postoperative flap management and salvage rates. This study demonstrates a model to quantitatively compare clinical appearance, as recorded via digital camera, with spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI), a noninvasive imaging technique using patterned illumination to generate images of total hemoglobin and tissue oxygen saturation (stO2). MethodsUsing a swine pedicle model in which blood flow was carefully controlled with occlusion cuffs and monitored with ultrasound probes, throughput was reduced by 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of baseline values in either the artery or the vein of each of the flaps. The color changes recorded by a digital camera were quantified to predict which occlusion levels were visible to the human eye. SFDI was also used to quantify the changes in physiological parameters including total hemoglobin and oxygen saturation associated with each occlusion. ResultsThere were no statistically significant changes in color above the noticeable perception levels associated with human vision during any of the occlusion levels. However, there were statistically significant changes in total hemoglobin and stO2 levels detected at the 50%, 75%, and 100% occlusion levels for arterial and venous occlusions. ConclusionsAs demonstrated by the color imaging data, visual flap changes are difficult to detect until significant occlusion has occurred. SFDI is capable of detecting changes in total hemoglobin and stO2 as a result of partial occlusions before they are perceivable, thereby potentially improving response times and salvage rates.