Museum of Decorative Arts in Prague

Purpose Conjugate heat and mass transfer between a solid and its surrounding fluid is a problem of widespread importance in environmental and engineering applications. However, popular CFD packages like OpenFOAM overlook mass transport as an active agent that can influence heat transfer through evaporation. Design/methodology/approach In this research, a combined heat–mass transfer OpenFOAM solver is developed and tested. The model was based on the chtMultiRegionFoam solver, where a mass transport equation was involved. The solid mass diffusivity was set as a function of temperature. Furthermore, two interfacial conditions were devised to account for the heat–mass interaction at the interface. The model was utilized to simulate heat and mass transfer in a convective food drying process. A semi-cylindrical carrot sample with a 10 mm diameter and 60 mm length was used as the food material. Findings The results were validated with experimental data from the literature. Ignoring the material–thermal interaction leads to large discrepancies from the actual case. Originality/value This research investigates upgrading the ready chtMultiRegionFoam solver to actively simlate mass transport. The solver has to be inherently modified to account for the evaporation/condensation processes adjointing mass transport. Besides, the devised mass transport process has to be related to the thermal conditions through the solid and fluid properties. Finally, modified interfacial conditions were implemented to adequately simulate the heat and transfer processes at the solid–fluid interface.

Intervenções com jogos digitais mostram bons resultados entre adolescentes, fase de alta plasticidade das funções executivas (FE). Objetivo: Analisar a experiência de uso de um jogo mobile para estimular FE em adolescentes. Método: Quinze adolescentes com transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento participaram de duas sessões de 15 minutos. Após cada sessão, responderam ao Net Promoter Score (NPS) e, após a segunda, ao Game User Experience Satisfaction Scale (GUESS). Também foram coletados dados de pontuação e tempo de permanência como indícios de engajamento. Resultados: O NPS indicou evolução positiva na satisfação e intenção de recomendação, com médias acima de 8 e diferença significativa apenas na Fase 1 – Nível Fácil. O GUESS revelou médias acima de 4, indicando boa experiência de uso do jogo. Conclusão: Os dados sugerem que o jogo é bem aceito e tem potencial como ferramenta de apoio ao desenvolvimento de FE.

Integrating non-dispatchable renewable energy sources (RES) such as wave farms into electric power systems presents inherent challenges. Specifically, the variability of the resource and its non-dispatchable) nature introduces power imbalances and power system stability problems in the system over both short and medium terms. This issue is particularly relevant for isolated power systems, such as those found on several European islands, where interconnection with the mainland is lacking. Therefore, although wave energy has significant potential for integration into island power systems due to resource availability, determining the maximum RES penetration that such systems can sustain while maintaining stability is not straightforward. Power system stability is closely tied to frequency. A well-established solution for improving the stability of isolated systems when integrating non-dispatchable RES is to install devices capable of responding to over- or under-frequency events, such as energy storage systems (ESS). The literature extensively discusses ESS control techniques for frequency regulation, with one of the most straightforward approaches being to operate the ESS according to a droop control strategy (similar to a statism). In this method, the power dispatched or stored by the ESS increases proportionally to the deviation from the frequency reference value. This paper presents a case study analyzing the frequency stability of an island power system equipped with an energy storage system (ESS) when integrating a wave farm. Frequency stability is evaluated based on two variables: wave energy penetration and the ESS droop control parameter. The case study is based on the island of El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain), an isolated electrical system with a very high penetration of RES. The island’s electrical generation system consists of a wind farm, a pumped-storage hydroelectric power plant, and conventional generation from a diesel power plant. The analysis is conducted through simulations in MATLAB Simulink. A wave farm is modeled to evaluate the generated power and its associated oscillations, based on the wave energy resource at various locations along El Hierro’s coast. Additionally, an aggregated inertial dynamic model of the electrical power system is employed to assess the impact of the wave energy farm's generation on the system’s frequency and the aging that the frequency excursions introduce in the elements of the system. The Spanish Grid Code is considered to ensure compliance with frequency regulation mechanisms in isolated systems. Simulations are performed across different scenarios, varying both the nominal power of the wave farm and the ESS droop control parameter, in order to evaluate the ESS capacity. The results identify the optimal droop control parameter for each wave farm size to ensure frequency remains within acceptable thresholds. Furthermore, the minimum ESS capacity required for each wave farm size is determined from the simulations. These findings provide a basis for ESS and wave farm dimensioning, which could be translated into economic terms to maximize revenue (this aspect is beyond the scope of the present work).

Este artigo apresenta os avanços obtidos no escopo do projeto de pesquisa HEIWA em relação ao processo de anotação de uma base de dados de tweets em português brasileiro extraídos ao longo do período eleitoral brasileiro em 2022, um dos mais polarizados da história política do Brasil. A anotação teve como objetivo preparar um recorte da base de dados para o treinamento de modelos de aprendizagem de máquina para a mineração de argumentos em conteúdos de redes sociais. O artigo descreve as estratégias de recorte da base de dados, as etapas de anotação humana e híbrida usando LLMs, os resultados obtidos e os desafios encontrados.

What role do metaphors play in specialized terminology?Metaphors are fundamental in shaping how we understand, categorize, and communicate complex concepts, even within specialized fields.Contrary to the common misconception that specialized discourse is devoid of metaphors, these cognitive tools play an essential role in simplifying intricate ideas, reflecting cultural values, and influencing perceptions and decision-making processes (Kvecses, 2005;Lakoff & Johnson, 1980;Mohnke, Roos & Christmann, 2023).They bridge abstract concepts with familiar experiences, facilitating understanding across disciplines.The aim of this volume, organized into two parts, is to examine the role of metaphors in terminology formation.The first part, "New theoretical developments and applications," presents theoretical advancements and their practical applications across five chapters.The second, "Metaphors in terminology studies," features six chapters focusing on descriptive examples from corpus data, exploring metaphors' prevalence, functions, and role in specialized communication.The initial chapter, "Specialised texts and levels of specialisation" by Ona Domnech-Bagaria, addresses the challenge of defining specialized texts by employing the conceptual framework of Cognitive Linguistics, identifying three conditions: cognitive, pragmatic, and linguistic.A cognitive characterization is unique to specialists in a specific field, while a pragmatic one depends on the sender, and a linguistic one is based on terminology.Texts are classified into horizontal and vertical levels of specialization, with horizontal levels related to knowledge domains and vertical levels to the depth of specialization.The author also proposes a method for determining specialization levels using an evaluable parameter.Chapter two, "Including the cultural dimension of terminology in a framebased resource," written by Pilar Len-Araz and Pamela Faber, discusses

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Este artigo propõe recomendações práticas, voltadas para acessibilidade, para designers e desenvolvedores atenderem às necessidades específicas de usuários com deficiências auditiva e visuais em jogos. O objetivo principal é garantir imersão completa e inclusão para indivíduos com necessidades especiais, abrangendo design da interface, mecânica de jogo e opções de personalização. Ao seguir estas diretrizes, os desenvolvedores podem criar jogos que atendam às necessidades de usuários com deficiências visuais e auditivas, promovendo um ambiente de jogo mais inclusivo. Através da implementação prática, estas recomendações possibilitam que indivíduos com deficiências desfrutem de uma experiência mais envolvente e satisfatória, promovendo assim a acessibilidade nos jogos e garantindo que todos possam participar dos jogos, independentemente de suas habilidades.