NTN (Japan)

Aircraft equipment needs to maintain stable operation in low-temperature and low-pressure environments. This study assesses the feasibility of operating a developed machine under such conditions. Rotational tests were conducted in an environment that simulated the conditions required for aircraft-mounted equipment. The synchronous machine was installed in a thermostatic chamber that was set to a temperature of −55 °C and pressure of 11 kPa, which mimics the conditions at an altitude of 15,000 m. The machine demonstrated stable operation at a rotational speed of 180 rpm, with a field current of 50 A and an armature current amplitude of 100 A at a frequency of 3 Hz. The synchronous machine was tested in generator mode at ground level under no-load and three-phase short-circuit conditions to evaluate its rated operation under a normal environment. In the no-load test, the field current and rotational speed were increased from 10 A to 110 A and 100 rpm to 2,500 rpm, respectively, and the maximum line voltage was 590 V. In the three-phase short-circuit test, the U, V, and W phases exhibited maximum short-circuit currents of 490 A with a field current of 45 A and rotational speed of 100 rpm. These results confirm that the synchronous machine operated stably at 2,500 rpm with an output of 250 kW in generator mode. The stable performance of the machine under these conditions suggests its potential for enhancing the efficiency, power density, and reliability of electric propulsion systems in aviation.

To address the growing threat of targeted ransomware attacks, we propose a practical and low-cost security assessment tool for organizations with limited cybersecurity resources, such as small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The tool incorporates 14 actionable countermeasures against ransomware, identified based on common attack techniques and public threat intelligence reports. Each countermeasure is weighted according to the number of MITRE ATT&CK Tactics it addresses. Firstly, users complete a questionnaire that evaluates their current implementation status for each of the 14 countermeasures. Based on the responses, the tool calculates a composite security score and provides personalized feedback, including guidance on recommended countermeasures. Secondly, users are encouraged to implement the recommended countermeasuress and submit follow-up feedback via the tool. To evaluate the tool’s effectiveness, we collected 183 responses from participants and received 156 follow-up survey results. The findings show that 90% of the participants were satisfied with the assessment results, and over 80% identified actionable countermeasures they could implement. These results suggest that the proposed tool offers a scalable and effective approach to improving ransomware resilience in resource-constrained organizations.

High‐performance III–V photovoltaic devices have the potential for various applications; however, their high production cost represents a challenge for market expansion. Hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) is a fabrication technology that can reduce the epitaxial growth cost of III–V compound semiconductors. This study demonstrates the performances of HVPE‐grown GaInP photovoltaic devices for solar and indoor photovoltaic applications. Herein, HVPE‐grown GaInP photovoltaic devices with AlInP frontside and AlGaInP backside passivation layers are fabricated for the first time. The developed GaInP photovoltaic device measured under air mass 1.5 global solar spectrum illumination achieves an independently certified power conversion efficiency of 17.3%, which is a new record efficiency among HVPE‐grown GaInP single‐junction solar cells. Furthermore, the GaInP photovoltaic device grown using HVPE exhibits a high power conversion efficiency (34.7–37.1%) under an illumination of 500–2000 lux, respectively, emitted by a white light‐emitting diode. These results demonstrate that HVPE‐grown GaInP photovoltaic devices can be used in low‐intensity indoor light energy harvesting systems.

The low-lying structure of 15C has been investigated via the neutron-removal 16C(d,t) reaction. Along with the known bound neutron sd-shell states, unbound p-shell hole states have been observed. The excitation energies and the deduced spectroscopic factors of the cross-shell states are an important measure of the [(p)−1(sd)2] neutron configurations in 15C. Our results show a very good agreement with shell-model calculations using the SFO-tls interaction for 15C. However, this same interaction predicted energies that were too low for the corresponding hole states in the N=9 isotone 17O and adjustment of the p-sd and sd-sd monopole terms was required to match the 17O energies. In addition, the excitation energies and spectroscopic factors have been compared to the first calculations of 15C with the ab initio self-consistent Green's function method employing the NNLOsat interaction. The results show the sensitivity to the size of the N=8 shell gap and highlight the need to go beyond the current truncation scheme.

The TALYS nuclear reaction code’s Hauser-Feshbach statistical decay model has been adapted in order to calculate prompt fission neutron and gamma -ray observables by iterating over deexciting fission fragments. Several fission fragment generators such as GEF, HF^{3}D, and SPY were employed to provide TALYS with databases. These databases contain standardized tables with fission fragment yields, mean excitation energies and their widths, and average total kinetic energy, as a function of charge and mass number of primary fission fragments. The resulting calculations, including prompt particle multiplicities, spectra, average energies, and independent fission product yields, were compared with experimental and evaluated data. This work first outlines the new methodology implemented in TALYS and examines the effects of three important parameters on the final evaporation data. Furthermore, the neutron-induced fission of ^{235}U is investigated in detail as a function of incident energy. The results from TALYS, with input from GEF and HF^{3}D, were compared with available experimental data and the results of the stand-alone GEF code. The proposed methodology contributes to an improved capability to model the fission process.

As near-infrared radiation (NIR), which is a composition of sunlight with an 780-1400 nm wavelength, is associated with skin aging such as wrinkles and slacks, the biological actions of NIR with high dermal penetration remains unclear. In the present study, we found that NIR irradiation (40 J/cm2 ) at different levels of irradiance (95-190 mW/cm2 ) using a laboratory device with a xenon flash lamp (780-1700 nm) caused sebaceous gland enlargement concomitantly with skin thickening in the auricle skin of hamsters. The sebaceous gland enlargement resulted from the proliferation of sebocytes due to an increase in the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)- and lamin B1-positive cells in vivo. In addition, NIR irradiation transcriptionally augmented the production of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) accompanied with an increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in hamster sebocytes in vitro. Furthermore, the administration of hydrogen peroxide increased the level of EGFR mRNA in the sebocytes. Therefore, these results provide novel evidence that NIR irradiation causes the hyperplasia of sebaceous glands in hamsters by mechanisms in which EGFR production is transcriptionally augmented through ROS-dependent pathways in sebocytes.

In this paper, we present a robust system for identifying and predicting physical conditions like sleeplessness, tiredness, and potential unwellness in construction worker by observing the visible properties and movement pattern of their eyes. Site managers are responsible for taking care of the physical condition of a worker in construction site, which cause a lot of trouble and is time consuming. Our system aims to automate this entire process. We rely on the fact that the above-mentioned physical conditions directly affect the visible properties of human eyes like color, and eye movement. Our approach collects individual eye data over time to determine a normal point for the said individual and tries to find the deviation from the normal point to identify any abnormalities which might be a direct result of sleeplessness or tiredness. For this purpose, we propose an original algorithm. Then we have successfully built and deployed a system that identifies workers physical condition reading the properties of their eyes.

In this paper, we propose a theoretical method to deduce the charge polarization (CP) and most probable charge for fission fragments for the selected range of mass numbers based on a quantum many-body framework, namely, a constrained Skyrme Hartree–Fock+BCS model. We investigate the CP on the low energy neutron-induced fission of [Formula: see text]U as a representative reaction. We have found that the calculated CP has a noticeable dip that is clearly affected by the spherical shell structure around [Formula: see text]Sn and deformed one around [Formula: see text]144 and a peak for their counterparts, which are common features to those of widely-used Wahl’s systematics, but otherwise, our CP values converge to zero. Especially, we could not see a deep valley and a big hump in the region of symmetric fission at [Formula: see text]112 and 124 present in Wahl’s systematics. The gradient of our CP near the symmetric fission is negative concerning the mass number of fission fragments, which is consistent with other previous theoretical studies; however, that is the opposite of the gradient in Wahl’s systematics. This paper shows the difference between the charge distribution of fission fragments, which has been used practically so far, in comparison with the calculation by microscopic nuclear theory.

A new temperature measurement method-the dual two-color method-was developed to accurately measure the temperature over an ultra-wide temperature range (200-3600 °C) for ITER divertor infrared thermography. This novel method introduces a third wavelength filter to the conventional two-color method by replacing the shorter single wavelength bandpass filter with a customized dual-bandpass filter having two transmission bands, without having to add a third infrared camera. The dominant wavelength band of the total radiance through the dual-band filter changes automatically as the temperature increases and, consequently, either the shorter or longer wavelength band of the dual-bandpass filter is used to establish the two-color combination at both low and high temperatures. The dual two-color method increased the acceptable measurement error of the two-color radiance ratio for the temperature measurement requirement of the ITER divertor infrared thermography to 9.45% from that of 4.3% when using the conventional two-color method.