National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

Timber harvesting operations significantly impact soil hydrological parameters, particularly when heavy machinery is involved.We quantified the recovery of skid trails by measuring soil physical properties and surface runoff one (H01) and three (H03) years after trafficking, and on a trail trafficked ca. 21 years prior (H21). Adjacent untrafficked plots served as controls to establish a baseline. The study site is a moderately sloped (18–26%) Stagnic Cambisol in the Flysch zone of the Vienna Woods. Soil properties were measured using undisturbed cores (250 cm³, n=3 per treatment and depth) at 5 and 15 cm depths. Surface runoff was assessed with high-intensity rainfall simulation experiments (100 mm h-1, 50 m² plots).Bulk density in control plots was low at both depths (5 cm: 0.96±0.07 g cm-3; 15 cm: 1.00±0.12 g cm-3). Trafficking increased bulk density at 15 cm by approximately 25%, with only partial recovery after 20 years, whereas at 5 cm it recovered to control levels (H21: 1.00±0.03 g cm-3). Saturated hydraulic conductivity showed a similar trend, albeit with high variability. Water retention curves indicated a marked loss of macroporosity one and three years after trafficking at both depths. After 20 years, recovery was evident mostly in the topsoil. This produced a porous, recovered surface layer sitting on top a compacted hardpan at 15 cm depth.Runoff dynamics reflected this stratification: H01 and H03 exhibited infiltration-excess overland flow with final surface runoff coefficients (Ψf) of 0.66 and 0.60 respectively, whereas H21 shifted to saturation-excess overland flow once the top layer was saturated (Ψf = 0.23).These results demonstrate the long-term effect of subsurface compaction on clayey forest soils, underscoring the need to minimize trafficked area and to confine operations to permanently marked skid trails to safeguard soil functions and associated ecosystem services.

In this study, distributions of fire growth rate for rooms of various usages, including those with scarce data availability, have been estimated by using the Hierarchical Bayesian Estimation. And what levels the fire growth rate of the Verification method for evacuation safety has been by comparing with the estimated distributions of fire growth rate.

Abstract This research introduces a new approach to studying the right-hand striking motion in traditional Japanese Kotsuzumi drum playing through video analysis. The novel approach of this research involves using a smartphone camera for data collection and computer vision tools, particularly MediaPipe hands and pose models, to develop an automated, non-invasive measurement system for analysing drum strike motion. Our study highlights that physics can be effectively learned through applications in the musical field by providing a hands-on approach that makes learning engaging and practical with the help of new technology. This study shows that the right-hand motion in Kotsuzumi playing can be described by the principle of circular motion. Additionally, we observed that the sound pressure level (SPL) increases with the striking velocity. This smart motion analysis and measurement system can also be used as a teaching material for learning the physics of object movement.

The object of this study is the process of assessing the level of public transport service provision in cities. The task is to devise a method for assessing the level of public transport service provision in terms of the influence of characteristics of the elements within the "People – Transport – Road – Environment" system. It was determined that these characteristics could serve as predictors – parameters and forecasting tools that determine the level of quality of public transport services for city residents. A logistic model has been built, which underlies the method for assessing the level of public transport service provision. This approach could allow for a comprehensive and interconnected study of social and technological factors of transport activity of subjects. A method for diagnosing the logistic model for adequacy and consistency with empirical data has been proposed, which is based on the application of the Hosmer-Lemeshov agreement criterion and ROC analysis. The method for assessing the level of public transport service provision was tested using an example of a city of regional significance. The adequacy of the method was confirmed using the Hosmer-Lemeshaw criterion and ROC analysis, which were 8.892 and 0.3428, respectively. Based on the verification results, proposals have been devised to improve the predictors of the activities of urban carriers. The effectiveness of the proposed measures was assessed by the percentage change in the time spent by city residents on travel, which was 17.5 %. This confirms the acceptability of the method devised. The scope of using the method includes activities of business entities that provide transport services to the people in cities and to local government bodies. The prospect of this study is its application to assessing the level of quality of transport services by other types of passenger transport

<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">In 2002, the authors and their colleagues proposed some preliminary guidelines for empirical software engineering research. In this paper, we revisit them. We believe that for the purpose of supporting the development of project-based bespoke software, they still perform reasonably well. However, the worlds of software and software engineering have changed dramatically in the last 25 years. We suggest that new guidelines are needed to respond to changes in software practices, including the possibility of regulation of AI-based software products, and propose the scope of such guidelines.</i>

2022年3月16日に発生した福島県沖の地震では，相馬港において港湾施設の被害が確認された．相馬港では矢板式係船岸が多数採用され，地震後には潜水調査より矢板の変形が，GNSS測量より矢板上部工の法線出入が計測された．地震後の施設の利用可否判断に必要な部材の応力状態を評価するためには，矢板の変形パターンを評価することが重要である．本報告では，調査結果より当該港湾の矢板式係船岸の被災程度および変形パターンについて整理した．