National Institute of Advanced Studies

In this work , the compound (4-Formyl N,N-dimethyl anilinium picrate (FDAP) was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The crystal structure was elucidated using single crystal X-ray diffraction method. From the 3D molecular structure it is inferred that the crystal packing is stabilized by several intra and intermolecular, Cg…Cg interactions their nature, strength and percentage contribution are corroborated by the Hirshfeld surface analysis, while the 2D fingerprint plots provided a visual representation of the intermolecular interactions via the surface area corresponding to each type of interaction. The N–H···O and C–H···O types of strong intra and intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions resulted in the formation of S(5) self-motifs and R 2 1 (6) supramolecular ring motif. The structural and electronic properties of the compound FDAP using density functional theory (DFT). The optimized geometry, total energy, HOMO-LUMO gap and vibrational spectra were calculated at the B3LYP/6–311 +G(d,p) level of theory. The calculated results showed that the molecule has a stable geometry with a trans-conformation. The HOMO-LUMO gap of 3.8178 eV indicates that the molecule has moderate stability. In order to aid in the development of better vaccines and treatments, more in-silico research, including molecular docking, was conducted against the structure of the human collapsin response mediator protein-1, a lung cancer suppressor protein. Intriguingly, which shed light on possible inhibitors and new therapeutic candidates due to the high concentration of non-covalent interactions.

Quantum hyperentanglement and hybrid entanglement are advanced quantum resources with significant potential for technological innovation. This review investigates the proposed role of these entanglement structures in the optimization of two critical quantum technologies: quantum batteries and quantum sensors. We synthesize existing literature to analyze how hyperentangled states could enhance energy storage systems by increasing ergotropy density, accelerating charging rates, and enabling parallelized energy transfer. Furthermore, we examine how hyperentangled and hybrid-entangled architectures may improve the sensitivity, dynamic range, and robustness of quantum sensors through multi-parameter estimation and decoherence suppression. By contextualizing these advancements within quantum thermodynamics and metrology, we identify key theoretical advantages, discuss the significant experimental challenges that must be overcome for their realization, and propose a roadmap for future research. Our findings suggest that high-dimensional entanglement engineering could serve as a foundational principle for designing next-generation quantum devices aimed at addressing global sustainability challenges.

Increasing Soil Organic Carbon (SOC), the largest terrestrial carbon pool, through proper land management has been suggested as a nature-based solution to mitigate climate change. In this context, it is important to understand the impacts of land transformations on regional SOC stocks. The study spatially analyzed the tree plantation expansion in Kerala, India, along with other land transformations in the last five decades and its effect on surface (0–30 cm) Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) density and stocks. This study adopted a machine learning-based predictive modelling approach by combining: (1) a detailed two-time period land use map separating major plantation types; (2) legacy soil data representing ground SOC measurements for each land use category; (3) other climatic, topographic and soil variables that affect the spatial variation of SOC, in order to spatially assess the changes in SOC stocks in Kerala due to land use changes over the last five decades (1972–2020). The study highlighted significant local hotspots of losses and gains that the traditional area-based methods do not fully capture. Interestingly, although there was a large increase in the area under tree cover in the last five decades, SOC gains in certain regions were compensated by losses in other regions leading to a very small change (~ 2%) in the overall SOC pool size. Land use and soil type were the most important predictors of SOC based on the developed Random Forest model. The findings highlighted that afforestation with tree plantations might not always lead to an increase in SOC stocks at regional scales. Its effect on SOC stocks varied by plantation type and previous land use. These implications must be considered while adopting climate mitigation strategies. Also, spatially explicit evaluation of various plantation types improves SOC source sink modelling and should be considered for preparing more accurate regional & national SOC inventories.

.

ABSTRACTIntroductionEarly‐Onset Dementia (EOD), including Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD), behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD), and Early‐Onset Alzheimer’s Disease (EOAD), presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to heterogeneous clinical features and rapid progression. EOD involves distinct patterns of brain network disruption, measurable through graph‐theoretical analysis.MethodsWe reviewed 23 studies applying graph theory to electroencephalography (EEG), functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) in EOD populations. Metrics included global and local efficiency, small‐world properties, modularity, hub connectivity, and rich‐club organization.ResultsEOD demonstrates widespread topological disruption, including reduced global and local efficiency, hub vulnerability, and modular fragmentation. Subtype‐specific patterns include compensatory efficiency increases and parietal‐to‐frontal hub shifts in FTD; disruption of hub connectivity and modular integrity within the salience network in bvFTD; and pronounced deterioration of the default‐mode network in EOAD. Small‐world properties are generally preserved in early stages, reflecting initial compensatory reorganization that precedes system‐wide collapse.ConclusionGraph‐theoretical analysis reveals characteristic topological disruptions in EOD. However, most studies rely on static measures, limiting insight into dynamic network vulnerability. Incorporating network resilience based computational models, longitudinal designs, and standardized analytical pipelines could clarify network failure mechanisms, uncover latent fragilities, and guide targeted interventions.

This study addresses the growing disconnect between theological academia and the practical needs of the church, a breach stemming from the Enlightenment's emphasis on objective reason over faith-based perspectives. It argues that theological institutions, while pursuing academic rigor, have often marginalized their confessional commitments, leading to a perceived irrelevance within ecclesial communities. The paper argues for a convergence of doxastic (belief-centered) and praxeological (practice-oriented) foci to bridge this divide. The essay contends that theological academia must reclaim its doxastic priorities, asserting the universal intent of theological claims while engaging critically with contemporary culture and philosophies. Furthermore, it advocates for a praxeological shift, translating theological concepts into concrete practices that shape the life of the church. By fostering an integrative approach that balances scholarly inquiry with ecclesial relevance, theological education can equip individuals to serve both the church and wider society, ensuring that faith remains a transformative force in the world.