Navoi State Mining Institute

The article examines how, during the 1980s and 1990s, large industrial enterprises in the chemical, energy, and construction sectors located in Navoi city discharged various types of industrial waste into the environment in violation of established environmental standards. It demonstrates that these enterprises constituted the principal sources of air, water, and soil pollution in the lower parts of the Zarafshan oasis, particularly in Navoi city and its adjacent territories. The article also provides evidence of the adverse impact of these factors on the health of the local population.

This article examines the substantive renewal of youth policy in Uzbekistan on the eve of independence and during the early years of independence, the process of abandoning the Soviet ideological system, and the political, legal, organizational, and social factors that shaped the transition from the Komsomol structure to the Youth Union of Uzbekistan. The study analyzes the ideologically dependent nature of youth policy in the late Soviet period, the sharp transformation of the tasks facing youth organizations after the events of August 1991, the reform initiatives advanced by the leadership and regional branches of the Leninist Communist Youth League of Uzbekistan, the resolutions of extraordinary plenums and congresses, as well as the programmatic foundations of the new youth organization. The article interprets social protection of youth, support for gifted young people, open dialogue with youth, international cooperation, and organizational independence as new directions in youth policy during the transitional period. It concludes that the emergence of youth policy in Uzbekistan as an independent direction of state policy was the product of historical necessity.

The paper considers a pilot scale technological section designed for the pretreatment of a combined oxidation product of a gold bearing flotation concentrate prior to sorption cyanidation. The section comprises, in sequence, filtration units with chamber membrane filter presses, a rotary drum dryer, an oxidative roasting unit based on a tubular kiln, a regrinding stage in a ball mill with hydrocyclone classification, and a thickening stage with flocculant addition. Based on pilot roasting tests of the combined oxidation product, the influence of temperature and residence time on gold recovery is analysed, and an optimal roasting regime is justified. The role of residence time control in the tubular kiln, as well as operating parameters of filter presses, hydrocyclones and the thickener, in shaping the required properties of calcine and slurry is discussed. A three stage strategy is proposed to increase the roasting section capacity up to 25 t/h through process fine tuning, improvement of the burner system and possible installation of an additional kiln.

Abstract. Uralov U, Kudratov J, Pazilov A, Izzatullaev Z, Khalimov F, Otakulov B, Jabbarov A, Fundukchiev S, Orziyeva Y, Suyunov G, Abduxamidovich BM, Boymurodov K, Gulboev D, Urinova X. 2025. Diversity of gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in different altitude regions of the Zarafshan Mountains and adjacent areas, Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 26: 5012-5022. As an important part of the food chain in nature, it is of great importance to determine the systematic structure and diversity of mollusks. This study presents data obtained by assessing the current state of the taxonomic structure of gastropod mollusks in biogeographical regions with different vertical heights in the study area. The study area includes 15 locations in the Zarafshan Mountains of Uzbekistan and adjacent areas. The study sites were formed based on more than 3,000 samples collected in 2018-2025. It was found that the gastropod fauna of the region consists of 80 species belonging to 21 families and 35 genera. Using modern morphological and anatomical methods of species identification, Archaica haziratishaxika was identified for science; the following species were recorded for the first time as new species for the region, adding to the region's biodiversity: Sogdamnicola shadini, Lymnaea fragilis, Galba truncatula, Radix bactriana, Candaharia rozeni, Macrochlamys turanica, Macrochlamys kasnakowi, Vertigo antivertigo, and Chondrina intumescens. The results obtained will serve as a primary source for supplementing the data on the gastropod fauna of mountain ranges in Uzbekistan with the missing data on the Zarafshan Mountains and adjacent areas, and will provide specialists with the first information on this area.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the secret knowledge within the Sufi views of Ibn Sina, focusing on how his philosophical and scientific perspectives intersect with spiritual interpretations. The objective is to understand Ibn Sina’s contribution to Sufi thought, especially his vision of the macrocosm (olami akbar) as perceived through the soul. Research methodology: The research adopts a qualitative philosophical approach, combining textual analysis of Ibn Sina’s writings with interpretative methods drawn from Sufi hermeneutics. Primary texts and secondary commentaries were examined to trace the integration of metaphysics, mysticism, and ethical systems in his worldview. Results: The findings indicate that Ibn Sina’s intellectual legacy is not confined to rational science but also deeply influenced by Sufi ideas of truth, self-knowledge, and spiritual ascent. His teachings emphasize moral qualities, the pursuit of higher mind, and the recognition of the root cause of existence. The analysis reveals that Ibn Sina valued the merits of Sufis and acknowledged their role in uncovering deeper spiritual realities. Conclusions: Ibn Sina’s synthesis of philosophy and Sufism demonstrates the compatibility between rational inquiry and mystical insight. His ideas provide a framework for understanding the inner essence of spirituality and its ethical foundations. Limitations: The study is limited to available textual sources and may not fully capture the oral traditions and experiential dimensions of Sufism. Contribution: This research enriches the discourse on Islamic philosophy by situating Ibn Sina not only as a scientist and philosopher but also as a thinker deeply attuned to mystical traditions.

This article reviews current advances and key challenges in integrating optical sensors into Smart Dust technology for environmental monitoring. The principles and advantages of optical sensors are analyzed, alongside their vulnerability to external influences and high-power consumption. Special attention is paid to issues of miniaturization, autonomy, and the organization of energy-efficient communications between sensor nodes in harsh environments. The paper describes operational scenarios for Smart Dust systems, including passive and active optical communication, as well as approaches to reducing energy consumption and increasing resilience to environmental factors. Prospects for technology development are discussed, including improvements in MEMS components, new data processing methods, and the implementation of multisensor networks to enhance the effectiveness of environmental monitoring.

This study investigates the effects of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) dosage, reaction temperature, and processing time on the structural decomposition of complex compounds in copper slag. Experimental results demonstrated that applying 20% Na2SO4 achieves an impressive decomposition rate of 89%, highlighting its effectiveness in liberating valuable metals from the slag matrix. The optimal temperature for maximizing fayalite decomposition is determined to be 900 °C, which significantly enhances reaction kinetics and efficiency. Furthermore, extending the reaction time to 90 min resulted in the highest observed decomposition efficiency. Subsequent leaching experiments in sulfuric acid confirmed that the liberated metal transitioned into the solution phase was very effective, ensuring high metal recovery rates. The treated samples demonstrated metal recovery rates of 97% for copper (Cu), 96% for iron (Fe), and 93% for zinc (Zn). In contrast, the untreated samples exhibited considerably lower recovery rates, with copper at 61%, iron at 59%, and zinc at 65%. Additionally, this approach mitigates filtration challenges by preventing the formation of silica gel. These findings provide key operational parameters for optimizing metal recovery from copper slag and establish a solid foundation for advancing sustainable and efficient resource extraction research.