Developing Wind Power Simulations And Laboratory Experiments For Courses In Renewable Energy Systems
Abstract NOTE: The first page of text has been automatically extracted and included below in lieu of an abstract Developing Wind Power Simulations and Laboratory Experiments for Renewable Energy Systems Courses D. J. Burnham,⋆ J. C. Campbell,⋆ S. Santoso,⋆ A. Compean,⋆⋆ J. Ramos⋆⋆ 1 Introduction In recent years wind turbine technologies have made significant advances, and more than 30 U.S. states have implemented aggressive renewable portfolio standards. These standards require that electric utilities obtain 10% to 30% of their energy from renewable sources, with target dates between 2020 and 2030.1 In support of this effort the U.S. Department of Energy is considering the viability of wind energy to supply up to 20% of nation’s electricity by 2030.2 In addition to the technical challenge of integrating wind power into the national grids, another critical challenge in the 20% wind power scenario involves preparing the science and engineering workforce for the changing electric power and emerging wind industries. Unfortunately, engineering courses have not kept pace over the years. There are only a few universities that regularly offer renewable energy and wind power courses, and a lack of appropriate learning materials and faculty expertise in this emerging area.2 Our primary focus and contribution in this project is the development of learning materials on wind turbine technologies and wind power experiments for undergraduate-level engineering courses. These experiments cover wind turbine technologies and wind power integration issues with both computer simulations and hardware implementations. Technologies covered include fixed speed wind turbine with induction generators and variable speed wind turbines with rotor resistor control and doubly-fed induction generators. Wind power integration experiments include wind farm operations under varying wind speeds, reactive power requirements, islanded operation, and power control. The experiments are divided into basic, intermediate, and advanced levels. The basic and intermediate experiments are integrated into relevant electrical engineering and non-electrical engineering courses.3 Advanced level experiments are integrated into a stand-alone coursed dedicated to wind energy and power systems. This paper describes the first year’s work and how the learning materials and experiments are developed and constructed. The basic experiments are described in detail. Topics include the fixed-speed direct connect wind turbine, operation and reactive power requirements of wind turbines, and self-excited and islanded operation of a wind turbine. The computer simulations make use of PSCAD/EMTDC, a time-domain electromechanical simulation tool available in student and educational versions.4 The hardware-based experiments are initially developed for a Lab-Volt electromechanical laboratory system at the University of Texas at Austin (UT Austin), and we address the issue of their transferability and portability to a similar Hamden laboratory system at the University of Texas - Pan American (UTPA) in Edinburg, TX.5−6 The experiments are evaluated independently with the assistance of undergraduate students at both institutions. The evaluation is ongoing, and will continue in the second year’s work. ⋆ The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX ⋆⋆ The University of Texas-Pan American, Edinburg, TX
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