North Eastern University

ABSTRACT Thailand's construction sector has expanded steadily, yet irrigation projects continue to face delays, cost overruns and disputes rooted in inadequate risk management. This study identifies, prioritizes and analyses critical risks affecting irrigation construction performance. Survey data from 460 respondents were evaluated using a probability–impact matrix to derive risk scores and then augmented with machine‐learning technique clustering, correlation heat maps and predictive modelling. Five principal risks emerged: (1) inadequate and unclear owner planning, (2) owner error in issuing work suspensions, (3) delays in material approval, (4) contractor negligence regarding safety and (5) contractor breach of contract. Clustering revealed heterogeneous stakeholder risk perceptions, while heat maps highlighted strong interdependencies among owner‐related risks. Logistic regression and random forest models achieved near‐perfect classification of high‐ versus low‐risk projects, underscoring the predictive value of survey‐based indicators. The findings recommend strengthening early‐stage planning, streamlining approval processes and enforcing contractor accountability and demonstrate how integrating quantitative scoring with data‐driven analytics advances risk assessment and supports sustainable irrigation infrastructure development in Thailand.

A deeper understanding of the anatomical, physiological, and morphological responses of interspecific hybrid sugarcane to water deficit conditions could enhance the efficiency of developing drought-resistance varieties. This study aimed to investigate the responses of anatomical characteristics of backcross (BC) 1 interspecific hybrids, produced by crossing commercial cane with wild-type sugarcane, under drought and well-watered treatment. A two-factorial pot experiment in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was conducted. Soil volume water contents were 12.34% prior to the start of drought treatment. Two water regimes, field capacity (FC) and drought stress (DS), were tested, with the DS treatment involving water withholding for 51 st to 110 th days after planting (DAP). Fifteen sugarcane genotypes were evaluated, including ten BC1 interspecific hybrids, two commercial varieties (F152 and UT5), the wild type (ThS98-94), the F1 interspecific hybrid male parent (F4-19), and KK3 as a drought resistance check. Anatomical, physiological, and morphological traits were measured at 110 DAP; results indicated that BC1-1-7, BC1-1-44, and BC1-1-50 exhibited superior traits than the other BC1 interspecific hybrids in this study. These genotypes had a high morphological drought resistance index (DRI) for tiller height and tiller number, and the anatomical leaf had low leaf thickness (% reduction from FC by 14.0%, 10.0% and 3.9%, respectively) and vertical length of bulliform cells (% reduction from FC by 26.2%, 23.9% and 4.9%, respectively) but high cuticle thickness (an increase from FC by 10.7%, 18.3% and 19.7%, respectively) and stomatal crypt depth (an increase from FC by 21.0%, 12.9% and 13.4%, respectively), resembling those of the wild type and F1 interspecific hybrid. Additionally, BC1-1-7 demonstrated greater drought resistance, characterized by low stomatal conductance (% reduction from FC by 90.6%), reduced transpiration rates (% reduction from FC by 89.9%), and high water use efficiency (% gain from FC by 76.1%) compared to BC1-1-44 and BC1-1-50. These results highlight the importance of genetic diversity in breeding programs, as interspecific hybrids like BC1-1-7 combine traits from wild and cultivated relatives, enhancing drought stress performance. Future research should evaluate BC1 hybrids under drought stress in the field, focusing on agronomic performance and final yields.

This study aimed to explain the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) using hydraulic retention time (HRT) and initial substrate concentration (C0) independently. In two experiments, synthetic landfill leachate (35 L/d) was applied to up-flow MFCs at 6 different HRTs and 6 different C0s. Water quality parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrient content were analyzed during the process. The up-flow MFCs produced 1–80 mW/m2 of power density with removal efficiencies of 30–87% for COD, 3–84% for total nitrogen (TN), and 8–71% for total phosphorus (TP), during the leachate treatment. Multiple regression analysis of the entire data set revealed that HRT and C0 had a favorable effect on the removal rates of COD (Rrate,COD) and TN (Rrate,TN). TP removal rate (Rrate,TP) was found to be positively influenced by initial TP concentration (C0,TP) but negatively influenced by HRT. In terms of electricity generation, HRT, followed by coulombic efficiency (CE), Rrate,COD, initial COD concentration (C0,COD), internal resistance (Rin), and Rrate,TP were identified as significant elements whose increase could boost power density production. The MFC performance was found to be consistent and reproducible under similar operating conditions.

Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is a rare neurological disease. A case series evaluated the predictors of a long-term clinical outcome. However, there is limited data on predictors of functional status at presentation. Therefore, this study aimed to find clinical factors predictive of poor clinical presentation in Asian patients with LETM. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective analytical study. The inclusion criteria were adult patients with an age of 18 years or more who met the criteria of LETM. Clinical factors of eligible patients were recorded. Eligible patients were categorized into two groups based on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) at the time of presentation; 6 or more vs. 0-5.5. A predictive model for the EDSS score at the time of presentation was created by the logistic regression analysis. There were 40 patients with LETM in the study. Of those, 31 patients (77.50%) had an EDSS of 6 or more. There were two factors in the model predictive of the EDSS at presentation of 6 or more; thoracic lesion and complete lesion. Only a complete lesion was independently associated with an EDSS at presentation of 6 or more with an adjusted odds ratio of 15.202 (95% confidence interval of 2.028, 113.968; p value = 0.008). The complete cord lesion was independently associated with severe functional status in patients with LETM at presentation.

In this study, a comparative analysis of two Runge-Kutta methods; fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and Butcher’s Fifth Order Runge-Kutta method are presented and used to solve systems of first-order linear Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). The main interest of this work is to test the accuracy, convergence rate and computational efficiency of these methods by using different numerical problems of ODEs. Empirical conclusions are drawn after close observation of the results presented by the two methods, which further highlights their limitations and enabling researchers to make informed decisions in choosing the appropriate technique for specific systems of ODEs problems.

Introduction. Since its public launch, ChatGPT has gained the world's attention, demonstrating the immense potential of artificial intelligence (AI). Method. To explore factors influencing the adoption of ChatGPT, we ran structural equation modelling to test the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model while incorporating relative risk (vs. benefit) perception and emotional factors into its original form to gain a better understanding of the process. Analysis. This study utilized partial least squares–structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS4. Results. The findings revealed that in addition to individuals' technology-specific perceptions (i.e., performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions), relative risk perception and emotional factors play significant roles in predicting favourable attitude and behaviour intentions towards ChatGPT. Conclusions. Our extended model fits the data well, suggesting that it is not merely a matter of convenience but also of people's reservations, expectations, and emotions toward technology, which significantly influence their willingness to adopt ChatGPT.

Red light emitting YPO4: Eu3+ and YPO4: Tb3+: Li+ nanoparticles were synthesised using polyol method at low temperatures. The phase purity, micromorphology, and luminescence characteristics were studied using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transfer Infrared absorption spectroscopy (FT-IR). Combined XRD and TEM analysis showed that the YPO4 nanoparticles crystallized into a single phase of tetragonal (I41/amd) structure. The energy transfer from Li+ ions to Eu3+ ions was tested by studying the photoluminescence properties of YPO4: Eu3+and YPO4: Eu3+: Li+ nanoparticles and how it results in the improvement of the luminescence intensity.

Health care for older persons is important for their well-being. In Thailand, village health volunteers (VHVs) play a crucial role in communicating between the older persons and health care professionals. Traditionally, they record and submit a monthly report as papers. This project was aimed to design a geographical information system (GIS)-based mobile application for health care in older persons in rural community by the VHVs. As a part of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) model, health information obtained from 8,348 older persons and 1,125 VHVs living in rural community were analyzed and used for the for iPhone (iOS) and Android devices, and web browser. In summary, this mobile application allows the VHVs locate the older person's addresses and communicate with health care staff online in time-saving manner.