Novay

The 2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and the 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic disrupted financial markets, causing volatility, liquidity issues, and shifts in investor behavior. This study analyzes the immediate impacts and recoveries of these events, comparing their characteristics and the effectiveness of policy responses. An event study methodology and a GARCH approach are applied. Results show that -in the GFC Crisis- Lehman Brothers bankruptcy has greater negative impact than the first date of subprime mortgages bad news. In the COVID-19 crisis, closures and vaccines announcements has greater impact than the first COVID-19 case date in US. Also, the GFC Crisis decreased the valuation levels of key financial indicators as equal as the COVID-19, but this last was less volatility pronounced. These results highlight the importance of timely and effective public policy interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of such crises on financial markets.

Abstract Background Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) use disorder (GUD) is well known for its severe withdrawal syndrome. Currently, tapering with pharmaceutical GHB is the preferred option to mitigate withdrawal. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-B receptor agonist baclofen could improve GHB detoxification, due to its longer half-life than pharmaceutical GHB and specific GABA-B receptor activation. However, clinical data on baclofen’s effectiveness to manage GHB withdrawal is limited. We aim to explore potential benefits of baclofen as an add-on to pharmaceutical GHB tapering in patients with GUD. Methods This prospective, non-randomized, clinical trial consists of two phases: 1) a proof-of-concept phase (n=10) and 2) a dose-finding phase (n= 18). Primary objective of the proof-of-concept phase is to assess whether baclofen add-on therapy reduces the need for pharmaceutical GHB during inpatient detoxification. Safety and feasibility will also be assessed. Aim of the dose-finding phase is to explore the optimal baclofen dosage when used as add-on therapy during inpatient GHB detoxification. Criteria to start the second phase are that baclofen add-on therapy leads to a dose reduction of pharmaceutical GHB without severe side effects. GHB withdrawal symptoms and baclofen side effects will be monitored during GHB detoxification, using questionnaires. Discussion We expect that baclofen add-on therapy will reduce the need for pharmaceutical GHB during inpatient GHB detoxification. This will likely result in a less intensive detoxification process for patients and will improve the overall feasibility of GHB detoxification. If the outcome of the current phase II trial is positive, either a replication phase II trial with a randomized blinded design or a lager phase III trial, would be a logical follow-up study to confirm the safety, feasibility and efficacy of baclofen add-on therapy during inpatient GHB detoxification. Trial registration This study protocol is approved by the Medical Ethical Research Committee Oost-Nederland and Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects. The study is registered in the Clinical Trial Information System under EU CT-number: 2023-506167-34-02.

Background/Objectives: Gut dysbiosis has been implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS), but microbial signatures remain inconsistent across studies. Machine learning (ML) algorithms based on global microbiome data integration can reveal key disease-associated microbial biomarkers and new insights into MS pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate gut microbial signatures associated with MS and to evaluate the potential of ML for diagnostic applications. Methods: Fecal samples from 29 relapsing–remitting MS patients during exacerbation and 27 healthy controls were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Differential abundance analysis was performed, and data were integrated with 29 published studies. Four ML models were developed to distinguish MS-associated microbiome profiles. Results: MS patients exhibited reduced levels of Eubacteriales (p = 0.037), Lachnospirales (p = 0.021), Oscillospiraceae (p = 0.013), Lachnospiraceae (p = 0.012), Parasutterella (p = 0.018), Faecalibacterium (p = 0.004), and higher abundance of Lachnospiraceae UCG-008 (p = 0.045) compared to healthy controls. The Light Gradient Boosting Machine classifier demonstrated the highest performance (accuracy: 0.88, AUC-ROC: 0.95) in distinguishing MS microbiome profiles from healthy controls. Conclusions: This study highlights specific microbiome dysbiosis in MS patients and supports the potential of ML for diagnostic applications. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanistic role of these microbial alterations in MS progression and their therapeutic utility.

Objective An exploratory-descriptive three-wave survey was designed to explore the nature of wartime and postwar trauma, bereavement, grief, and developmental disruptions in war-exposed Bosnian adolescents; and to guide theory building, intervention, and policy. Specific aims included describing: Prevalence rates of war exposure types, war-related disruptions to social networks (traumatic deaths, disappearances, natural deaths, separations), short- and long-term postwar adversities, adolescent postwar grief reactions, and war-related disruptions in developmentally sensitive life domainsg. Method: A three-wave self-report survey (conducted 1.5–2.5 years after the Bosnian civil war, across multiple geographic/ethnic regions) assessed prewar, wartime, and postwar experiences and psychosocial adjustment in war-exposed Bosnian secondary school students. Results: Students reported: (a) high rates of exposure to both high-magnitude types of war trauma (including traumatic losses) and postwar adversities; (b) extensive war-related disruptions to their social networks, including deaths to natural and unnatural causes, and separation from loved ones. Significant effects were found for sex, type of death, and type of grief; but not for their interaction, age, or geographic region/ethnicity. (c) Pervasive war-related developmental impacts—primarily slowdowns—were reported for impulse control, help-seeking, identity formation, moral development, and understanding political issues. Conclusions: Many families were struggling economically and interpersonally 2.5 years after the war. Pervasive disruptions in youths’ social networks persisted. Interventions for war-exposed youth should address a diverse array of problems including traumatic losses, ongoing separations, interpersonal conflict, and disruptions in developmentally important life domains. Balanced, strength-based grief interventions should both facilitate adaptive grief reactions and therapeutically reduce unhelpful grief reactions.

Middle nasal concha is an anatomical component of the ethmoid bone, which is the most important reference during endoscopic interventions on the paranasal sinuses, as well as a structure that affects the middle nasal passage aerodynamics. Many practitioners take the view in their work that there is an inextricable connection between pathological changes of the middle nasal concha and risk of developing chronic sinusitis. This in turn determines its resection options, including in the case of bullous transformation. This literature review reveals that, despite the significant prevalence of bullous hypertrophy in patients with chronic sinusitis, none of the analyzed studies could reliably prove a direct relationship of changes in the middle nasal concha and development of chronic sinusitis. Partial resection of the middle nasal concha is a uniform solution if intraoperative correction is needed. This approach ensures the preservation of an important anatomical reference for subsequent interventions and contributes to reduction of the risk of such long-term complications of endoscopic sinus surgery as formation of the synechias, the nasofrontal pocket strictures and cicatrization of the ethmoid corridor.

Introduction. In February 2020, the third season of the Russian-Indian Anthropological expedition was conducted in Maharashtra. The field work was coordinated by Paleoethnology Research Center (Russia) and Department of Anthropology of Savitribai Phule Pune University (India). The goal was to examine Korku people, who are members of the Mundo-speaking branch of the Austroasiatic family. Data and methods. A total of 293 people were examined from three different Amravati district locations. The sociological questionnaire indicated that 285 individuals were members of the Korku, of which 196 individuals were children and teenagers (95 male, 101 female) and 89 individuals were older than 17 years (58 male, 31 female). Following the traditions of the Russian anthropological school, the study of Korku was conducted using as many morphological techniques as possible, including the collection of data on somatometry, cephalometry, cephaloscopy, dental anthropology, dermatoglyphics, and anthropological photo. All data was collected according to the law protecting personal data and the principles of bioethics. Results and discussion. Korku people tend to have dark pigmentation of the eyes, hair and skin, and soft, wavy hair. Males are orthognathic in the vertical profile of the face, females are mesognathic. Horizontal profiling in both sexes is characterized by average values. The lateral profile of the nasal bridge is flattened, the eye gap is of medium width and has horizontal orientation, while epicanthus is rare. According to the head index, males are mesocephalic with a tendency to subbrachycephaly, the proportions of the face and nose are characterized by average values. Women are also mesocephalic, relatively leptorineic. According to somatometric indicators, males have an average body length (164.4 cm). According to the proportions of the body, males and females are brachymorphic. The body length and chest circumference of children increases smoothly with age. The same growth curve is typical for body weight with a slight jump in the transition from 10–11 y.o. to 12–14 y.o. Composite portraits of Korku males and females were compiled in three standard norms. Dermatoglyphics and dental anthropology data are still being analyzed. Conclusion. The Russian-Indian Anthropological Expedition examined the Korku people using an integrated anthropological approach during the 2020 field season. The Korku's somatometric, cephalometric, and cephaloscopic characteristics were acquired and presented for the first time.

A reforma do ensino médio, instituída no ano de 2017, por meio da Lei Nº 13.415/2017, foi lançada como uma proposta inovadora e promissora de reorganização dos últimos anos do ensino básico brasileiro, que busca atender os anseios por melhorias na educação e na formação dos adolescentes e jovens do País. No entanto, sua estrutura curricular sinaliza para uma flexibilização do ensino nesta etapa educativa. Destarte, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir as possíveis implicações da reforma do ensino médio no processo de desenvolvimento psíquico dos estudantes, tomando por base os preceitos teóricos da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico que envolveu a discussão e articulação dos elementos que conformam tal reforma, especialmente os relacionados aos itinerários formativos, e suas relações com o desenvolvimento do pensamento em conceitos, sendo esta a principal neoformação a ser alcançada no período da adolescência. Por meio das reflexões teóricas, ponderamos que a nova proposta reduz o acesso dos estudantes ao conhecimento historicamente produzido pela humanidade, o que, por sua vez, implica na limitação das possibilidades de desenvolvimento psíquico dos adolescentes, consolidando ainda mais as desigualdades sociais existentes no Brasil.

This article examines the history of silent film production in south Florida with a focus on production context. Interest in south Florida as a site for film production increased around 1919 and flourished for several years. Production activity in south Florida in the early 1920s centered around Miami Studios in Hialeah, built in the summer of 1921. Within four short years, the facility had become virtually unutilized for film production. By reconstructing the events and processes surrounding the production of motion pictures filmed in south Florida—utilizing contemporaneous newspaper and magazine reports, business records and correspondences, and other extant archives—this study questions why film producers were interested in Florida and seeks to elucidate why this interest shifted by the end of the silent era. Focus will center around the production of D.W. Griffith’s The White Rose, filmed at Miami Studios during the 1922–23 winter season. This investigation demonstrates that the seasonality of Florida film production, despite the presence of industry heavyweight Griffith, ultimately led to the failure of Miami Studios to sustain long term operations.

Affective computing aims to create systems capable of recognizing, processing, and si-mulating human emotions to enhance hu-man-computer interaction. Speech emo-tion recognition (SER) is a highly effective and non-invasive technique for assessing a user’s emotions by analyzing physiological variables. However, despite its widespread use in end-user perception identification, few applications have been developed in the field of forensic analysis. To address this gap, this research proposes a new fo-rensic emotion analysis software system, FOREMAN, based on the emotional study of the voice. The system was developed using the Iterative Research Pattern. FOREMANdetermines the fluctuation of emotions in an audio file, as well as the percentage and spatial distribution of emotions present in its segments, using clustering methods. The system’s effectiveness is demonstra-ted by its application to an audio file taken from a Colombian Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP) hearing

Anais do Seminário Internacional PROJETAR: Projetar para quem? Projetar para quê? Projetar como? (978-65-272-0080-2) - Sobre O Pensamento E A Produção Do Espaço Construído Na Formação Do Arquiteto Em Belém Do Pará: Precedentes