Omsk State University

A general approach was developed to the synthesis of 3-amino-4-arylquinolin-2(1H)-ones and 3-amino-4-arylquinoline-2(1H)-thiones, based on simple and readily available reagents, with good overall yields of up to 76%. A broad variety of aryl and heteroaryl substituents introduced at the C-4 position of the quinoline system was achieved. The route can also be used for the synthesis of 4-alkyl derivatives, as shown in the example of 4-methylquinolines. Solutions of some synthesized compounds emit in the blue-violet region of the visible spectrum with fluorescence quantum yields of up to 0.33 upon UV irradiation.

The article examines the dominant methods of information gathering, communicative strategies and tactics, as well as the ethical and legal aspects represented in Boris Sobolev’s television journalistic investigations. The empirical basis of the study includes the following TV projects: «Special Correspondent: At the Bottom of Knowledge – 1» (2008), «Special Correspondent: At the Bottom of Knowledge – 2» (2012), «Crowned Individuals» (2013), «Special Correspondent: At the Bottom of Knowledge – 3» (2015), «Special Correspondent: At the Bottom of Knowledge – 4» (2016), and the trilogy of investigations «Those Going to the Devil» (2017, 2019). These selected investigations allow us to trace the author’s creative evolution and draw conclusions about the dominant features of his individual style. The aim of the study is to identify and describe the dominant methods of information gathering, as well as the pragmatic‑stylistic and ethical‑legal specificity of the media texts presented in the empirical material. The research methodology relies on general scientific methods (description, analysis, comparison, systematisation of empirical material) and specific scientific techniques (pragmatic‑stylistic, methodological, and ethical‑legal analysis of media texts). The first part of the article provides an overview of theoretical works that are essential for the study, defines key terms, and demonstrates approaches to classifying the phenomena under consideration. The second part offers a detailed characterisation of the frequent methods of information gathering (from classical to author‑specific ones) that are objectified in the analysed media projects. The dominant communicative strategy (the strategy of exposure) is identified and described, along with the communicative tactics that implement it (argumentation, discreditation, comparison, nomination, mockery, and attacking with questions). These tactics help the author achieve his goals and shape his individual style. Conclusions are drawn regarding the ethical and legal specificity of Boris Sobolev’s journalistic investigations. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive analysis of the genre of journalistic investigation, as represented in contemporary media practice, from the perspective of communicative, pragmatic, stylistic, methodological, and ethical aspects.

Introduction . Over the past decade, the psychology of learning, including the study of foreign languages, has shifted focus from analysing individual learner characteristics to investigating the dynamic interaction between the individual and social contexts. Aim . This research aims to systematise the issues concerning the influence of socio-economic conditions on the motivation of schoolchildren and university students to learn foreign languages. Methodology and research methods . The methodological foundation of this study is a comprehensive approach, specifically a qualitative content analysis of relevant empirical studies and the classification of selected documents by topic. To identify potential directions for future research, the collected materials were analysed using a hermeneutic approach. A descriptive method, combined with elements of a systems-based approach, was employed to collect and conduct a preliminary analysis of the information. The criteria for including and excluding studies from the review, data extraction, verification of external validity, and data synthesis within the review were defined and implemented based on the methodology of C. Torgerson. Results . It has been established that researchers identify the school, family, and peers as the primary socio-economic factors influencing motivation to learn a foreign language; most studies focus on the school environment as the most stable and “convenient” context for research. Socio-economic motives, unlike purely subjective educational and professional ones, are more complex in nature, as they depend both on objective characteristics – such as contact with peers, teachers, and the school – and on subjective variables, for example, age. It has been observed that learners with a higher socio-economic status exhibit greater motivation to learn a foreign language. Furthermore, despite the active migration processes occurring in the Russian Federation, there is a complete lack of research on the motivation to learn native languages influenced by national and cultural affiliation, even though most migrant children do not speak Russian, and foreign language teaching in Russian schools relies primarily on the Russian language. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of this study lies in the initial systematisation of these issues. Practical significance . The practical significance pertains to addressing the problem of insufficient learner motivation to study foreign languages, which, in practice, will contribute to resolving a pressing international challenge in the field of education.

The study analyzes the paradoxes of the Unified State Exam (USE) in the Russian education system: formal equality of access to universities and a decline in corruption coexist with excessive standardization, a decline in knowledge depth, increased stress, and deepening social inequality through the commercialization of training. The study was conducted in two stages: the first included focus groups with subject teachers (April 2022, n=6–10 per group, analyzed in MAXQDA 2024); the second stage was a nationwide survey using the CATI method (n=1,500, April-May 2024, processed in SPSS Statistics 26). A key conflict was identified between the standardization of the USE and the quality of education, manifested in a decline in students' cognitive abilities, increased stress, and increased regional inequality. The survey confirmed negative perceptions of the USE and identified proposals for reform, including the choice of a certification form and the transfer of the exam to specialized centers.

The article proposes a variant of a complex linguistic model of the city of Omsk and the Omsk Irtysh region space that is composed by analysis of regional text and discourse of the past and present. The regional text is understood as a set of various text types, styles and genres, which, with the help of semiotic means, embody a stable grid of semantic constants of a region (in this case, the city of Omsk and the Omsk Irtysh region) as dominant categories of place description. The regional discourse employs systems of institutional and personal texts that represent events of local history and modern life; scientific and cultural phenomena confined to a locus; objects of the urban architectural environment; characteristic forms of the natural landscape. The complex model was built with a multi-tiered semiotic-and-semantic reconstruction of the city and region space, carried out in the paradigm of Russian semantic, linguistic, cognitive and psycholinguistic schools in its diachronic and synchronous functionality. The model type incorporates several interconnected levels that reflect the space of Omsk and the Omsk Irtysh region in a number of areas: the system of semantic categories of space in the antinomies of the territory and the relationship “center – periphery”; the semiosphere of geographical space; the semiotics of social space in variations of forms of power and type of state; spiritual space, represented in the symbols of regional culture; and “subjective” space as a system of linguo-cultural “types,” models of linguistic personalities. The sources for modeling each level were historical, scientific, and journalistic texts of the “Collection of Scientific Heritage of Siberia” (the second half of the 19th and first half of the 20th centuries), the contents of media and official regional and city portals, psycholinguistic experiments, and sociolinguistic surveys, which deliver the sense of regional self-identification.

INTRODUCTION . Intervisuality as a strategy for creating and transmitting meanings in modern advertising discourse has been investigated. The genesis of the concept, which emerged as a development of intertextuality theory in the context of the “visual turn”, is considered. Intervisuality is defined as a strategic creative technique based on the inclusion of recognizable visual elements in advertising that refer to art precedents. The aim of the study is a comprehensive analysis of intervisuality as a strategy for constructing meanings and emotional connections with the audience in the context of an oversaturated visual media space. MATERIALS AND METHODS . The research material consisted of a corpus of 105 visual texts from modern advertising, selected based on the presence of intervisual references. The methodological basis includes semiotic, intertextual, discourse analysis, comparative, and cultural-historical methods, which ensured a comprehensive study of the strategy based on intervisuality. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION . The main types of visual precedent phenomena used in advertising have been identified and systematized: precedent names, texts, situations, and artistic techniques (surrealism, pop art, cubism, etc.). The functions of intervisuality are demonstrated: attracting attention, meaning-making, forming brand identity, and targeted impact on the audience. Particular attention is paid to the risks associated with ethical violations, the desecration of cultural heritage, and the possibility of misinterpretation. Examples of advertising campaigns demonstrate both successful and controversial applications of intervisuality. CONCLUSIONS . Intervisuality has been found to be an effective tool for creating multidimensional messages, but its success depends on the appropriateness of choosing a visual pretext and the literacy of its integration into an advertising message.

Materials based on selenite-substituted hydroxyapatite and collagen were synthesized. Chemical analysis of solutions after precipitate separation confirmed the substitution of phosphate ions by selenite ions in the hydroxyapatite structure. Results of elemental analysis, X-ray phase analysis (XRD), and infrared spectroscopy (IR) verified these substitutions in the hydroxyapatite structure. Morphological studies revealed a trend of increasing aggregate size with higher concentrations of selenite ions and collagen. Scanning probe microscopy showed that samples with selenite ions exhibited greater surface roughness compared to collagen-containing samples. The BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method provided specific surface area measurements of synthesized powders. The highest values were recorded for samples with 10.0 g/L selenite ions, while the lowest were for collagen-containing materials. Resorption studies in TRIS-buffer (pH 7.40) and simulated body fluid (SBF) demonstrated increased dissolution rates for samples with high selenite ion content. Collagen addition reduced dissolution rates. Thermal analysis (200–800°C) identified the sample with lowest selenite ion concentration (1.5 g/L) as most thermally stable.

The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the assessment strategy and its tactics in Russian and English creative competitive TV-shows in terms of the principles of politeness. Public communication sets special conditions for jury members’ choice of assessment strategy and its tactics. The identification of assessment techniques and the choice of their linguistic design are carried out with consideration to the communicative features of Russian and British linguistic cultures, the discursive characteristics of the TV-show, as well as the format of the TV-project. The article describes tactics of positive politeness in Russian and British creative competitive TV-shows (Nu-ka, vse vmeste! (All Together Now!) and Britain’s Got Talent) that reflect both general techniques of polite speech behaviour of jury members and its national and cultural specifics. The research showed that the production of a polite assessment judgment depends on several factors as follows: the format of the TV-show, the specifics of the contestants’ performances, the factor of maintaining a positive face of the communicants, as well as the type of linguistic culture and the norms of polite behaviour established in it. The following tactics were identified as universal assessment techniques: “Admiration,” “Praise,” “Compliment,” “Self-presentation,” “Appeal to personal experience.” Russian culturally specific techniques include the tactics called “Assessment in terms of the professional norm” and “Assessment of the emotional influence.” British culturally specific tactics are as follows: “Best performance,” “It’s impossible!” and “You are special.”

Introduction. Procedures for assessing the quality of graduate training are relevant to both the higher education system and the labour market. Key stakeholders in the educational process seek an independent, objective, and comprehensive assessment of competencies. Aim. The present research aims to establish the expectations of the key participants in the training process within higher education programmes – namely employers, educators, and students – regarding the functionality of in telligent systems for assessing the development of professional and supraprofessional competencies in students and graduates specialising in engineering. Methodology and research methods. Data collection took place in Omsk in 2024 and comprised a questionnaire survey (May to October) and interviews (September to November). The total number of respondents was 41 employers, 44 university lecturers, and 215 students. The interviews were attended by 19 employers and 23 lecturers. Kendall’s τ-b correlation coefficient was used to measure the relationship between the functionality of intelligence systems as reported by employers, lecturers, and students. The theoretical developments of behavioural and functional methodological approaches to studying competencies informed the design of the questionnaire and interview guide. Results. The results indicated that employers, teachers, and students largely agree that the intelligent system should be capable of assessing the developmental levels of both professional and supraprofessional competencies in students and graduates specialising in engineering. However, the ability to assess professional competencies was mentioned more frequently than that of supraprofessional competencies. The participants involved in educational relationships, alongside instrumental procedures for competency assessment, expect intelligent systems to provide technologies that enable the transfer of knowledge, skills, and abilities relevant to the real economy into the educational sphere; the design of practice-oriented educational programmes; and the facilitation of career guidance and effective employment. Scientific novelty. The authors have developed a multi-stakeholder approach to studying the potential of an intelligent system for assessing the competencies of university students and graduates, thereby extending current research practices in this area. The results obtained suggest that intelligent competency assessment systems can serve as a tool to reduce transaction costs within the higher education and labour market systems. Practical significance. The obtained results can be used to design intelligent systems for assessing the competency of students and graduates from universities, encompassing both engineering and educational programmes, as well as other broad groups of training areas and specialities.

A two-dimensional model of antiferromagnetic systems near the phase transitions of spin density waves has been considered taking into account the superconducting phase. Particular attention has been paid to the study of the influence of nonlinear effects, in particular, the interaction constant of the order parameter fluctuations, on the phase transitions arising in the system.