Palamuru University

Cancer comprises a broad group of diseases characterised by uncontrolled cell growth with the potential to invade surrounding tissues and metastasise to distant organs, making it a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Globally, cancer accounts for approximately 9.6 million deaths annually, ranking as the second leading cause of death. This study aims to explore and analyse the impact of socioeconomic and educational factors on cancer prevention, diagnosis, treatment acceptance, and overall patient outcomes. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered to cancer patients, capturing demographic variables such as age, gender, education level, income, employment status, and access to healthcare, along with information on prevention practices, diagnostic experiences, treatment acceptance, and clinical outcomes. The questionnaire also assessed health literacy, participation in screening programs, lifestyle modifications, willingness to undergo various treatment modalities, recovery time, survival, and quality of life. The findings underscore that individuals from lower socioeconomic and educational backgrounds experience significant barriers, including limited healthcare access, poor health awareness, delayed diagnosis, and reduced acceptance of standard treatments, leading to poorer outcomes. The study emphasises the necessity of targeted public health interventions, enhanced health education, and policy reforms to mitigate disparities and to improve cancer outcomes among vulnerable populations.

Sodium- ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes are considered a safe and sustainable alternative to liquid electrolytes for next- generation rechargeable batteries. In this work, nanocomposite membranes based on Poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) blend complexed with sodium tetrafluoroborate (NaBF4) and reinforced with TiO2 nanoparticles were fabricated by solution casting method. The recorded X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of these films revealed a significant reduction in polymer crystallinity upon the incorporation of salt and nanofiller, indicating enhanced amorphous character, which is favourable for ion transport. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed a uniform dispersion of TiO2 and the formation of a porous, interconnected microstructure at intermediate TiO2 loadings. At higher filler concentrations, agglomeration and reduced porosity were observed, correlating with diminished structural uniformity. In brief, the findings confirm that TiO2 nanofillers are capable of directing the morphology and chain packing of PVDF-HFP/PVC/NaBF4 electrolytes, thereby paving the way for their use as solid electrolytes in sodium-ion energy storage systems.

This research investigates the influence of thermodiffusion (Soret effect) and diffusion-thermo (Dufour effect) on transient Magneto-Hydro-Dynamic (MHD) free convective flow adjacent to a heated, inclined plate within a porous medium. The analysis incorporates thermal radiation as a key heat transfer mechanism, accounting for time-dependent variations in both velocity and temperature distributions. The porous structure introduces hydraulic resistance, altering fluid motion and thermal transport properties, while the plate's inclination modifies buoyancy-driven convection patterns. The applied magnetic field further complicates the dynamics through Lorentz force interactions. By addressing the coupled Soret and Dufour effects— frequently overlooked in basic models—the study enhances understanding of multispecies heat and mass transfer. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are solved numerically via the finite difference method.Graphical results demonstrate how critical parameters affect velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles. This computational framework elucidates the complex interdependencies among electromagnetic, thermal, and hydrodynamic phenomena in porous media flows. Major Findings: Soret and Dufour effects significantly influence MHD free convection near an inclined plate in a porous medium. Radiation, magnetic field, and inclination modify flow and heat transfer. Numerical results show complex velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles.

Abstract There is a huge need for effective electrocatalysts with prolonged homogeneity, and the ideal metal-support interaction to enable progress within electrochemical energy applications. Here, we report the synthesis of bimetallic Pt–Pd nanoparticles with remarkably high uniformity using a simple solution-phase chemical reduction method supported on reduced graphene oxide (RGO). X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the crystalline nature of the Pt–Pd/RGO composite. To investigate the catalytic performance of a 1:1 ratio Pt and Pd (Pt–Pd/RGO) composite supported instilled with 20 wt% Pt,10 wt% Pd on an RGO substrate in acidic solutions, a glassy carbon electrode modified with the composite was studied as the working electrode for cyclic voltammetry-based methanol electrooxidation reaction (MOR). Notably, the mass-specific activity of this Pt–Pd/RGO nanocomposite catalyst (0.528 mA/μg-Pt) is higher than that of the analogously prepared 20 wt% Pt/RGO (0.248 mA/μg-Pt) and commercial 20 wt% Pt/C (0.227 mA/μg-Pt) by a factor of 2.1 and 2.3, respectively. Additionally, the electrochemical active surface area of Pt–Pd/RGO is 71.09 m2 g−1, and the onset potential (E onset) is 0.33 V. The ratio of the forward current (I f) to backward current (I b) for Pt–Pd/RGO is 1.72. In addition to the remarkable MOR performance, the Pt–Pd/RGO catalyst also demonstrated relatively excellent stability relative to its Pt/RGO and Pt/C counterpart. Thus, present investigations demonstrate synergetic effect of Pt, Pd and RGO for promoting MOR activity within the Pt–Pd/RGO system.

Abstract A one‐pot, electrochemical, multicomponent tandem synthesis of trans ‐2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran derivatives is reported. Using a protic solvent in an undivided cell under mild, catalyst‐free conditions, the obtained substrate yields are of 85%–93%. This electrochemical approach offers an attractive alternative to conventional synthetic methods, providing an environmentally friendly route for diastereoselective tandem synthesis. Among the synthesized compounds, ten were selected for evaluation of DNA cleavage activity. Compounds 4a , 4b , 4f , and 5c demonstrated notable DNA cleavage activity. Additionally in vitro anticancer activity studied on three human cell lines includes human breast cancer cell line (MCF‐7), human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), and human leukemia cancer cell line (K‐562), among the five evaluated compounds 4f showed lower activity, while derivatives 4e , 4g, and 5d exhibited enhanced activity. Notably, compound 5c demonstrated significant activity across all three cell lines.

Contemporary Indian fiction offers a vivid exploration of the country's social dynamics, addressing themes of resilience, identity, and transformation against the backdrop of its diverse cultural and historical contexts.This research article examines the themes of resilience and identity in Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger, Anita Nair’s Idris: Keeper of the Light, and Jeet Thayil’s Names of the Women. Each novel offers a different viewpoint on how people overcome social and cultural norms to claim their identities and overcome hardship. This investigation highlights the diverse expressions of resilience by comparing and contrasting Balram's forceful self-assertion, Idris's adaptive resilience, and Thayil's female characters' quiet endurance. This scrutiny highlights the intricate process of identity development in modern Indian fiction by concentrating on these themes, which mirror the characters' experiences navigating social and personal obstacles. Adiga, Nair, and Thayil provide important insights into the study of self-hood and the human spirit in Indian literature by illustrating resilience as a transforming force that enables people to reinvent themselves rather than just as a means of survival.