Panzhihua Central Hospital

IntroductionThis study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of adult patients with myopia regarding refractive surgery and the use of postoperative medications.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted between July 2024 and November 2024 at The Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire.ResultsA total of 433 valid responses were collected. Among the participants, 231 (53.3%) were female, 216 (49.9%) had a spherical equivalent refractive error between −3.00 and −6.00 diopters in both eyes, and 154 (35.6%) reported daily screen time ranging from 6 to 12 h. The mean (SD) knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 10.60 (range: 0–18), 38.61 (range: 11–55), and 18.81 (range: 6–30), respectively, where the ranges indicate the minimum and maximum achievable scores. Significant positive correlations were found among knowledge, attitude and practice (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that knowledge significantly influenced both attitude (OR = 1.200, 95% CI: [1.133,1.272], p < 0.001) and behavioral engagement (OR = 1.255, 95% CI: [1.177,1.339], p < 0.001). Structural equation modeling (SEM) results showed that knowledge directly affected attitude (β = 0.546, p < 0.001) and practice (β = 0.246, p < 0.001), attitude also directly affected practice (β = 0.468, p < 0.001). Additionally, knowledge indirectly affected practice through attitude (β = 0.256, p < 0.001).ConclusionPatients with myopia demonstrated insufficient knowledge and suboptimal practices despite generally positive attitudes toward refractive surgery and postoperative care. These findings highlight the urgent need for structured patient education strategies to improve adherence and optimize postoperative visual quality.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite timely reperfusion therapy, myocardial ischemia can still lead to ventricular remodeling, arrhythmia, and heart failure, contributing to the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease. Nanomaterials provides innovative technical methods and tools for precise clinical diagnosis and effective treatment through nanoscale control of materials and biological interactions. In this study, bibliometrics have been harnessed to explore the region and topic distribution characteristics of nanotechnology in the field of ischemic cardiomyopathy. The key directions in this field contain cardiac tissue engineering, biosensor, targeted drug delivery and molecular imaging. China and USA are the leading contributors in this filed. Recent literature demonstrates rapid growth in nanomaterial-based strategies and their broad application in preclinical models of IHD. However, only a limited number of nanomedicine products have progressed to clinical approval. This review summarizes the current advances in nanotechnology for IHD, highlights remaining challenges, and discusses future directions to facilitate clinical translation.

Epidemiological studies have suggested associations between dietary intake and gastric ulcer (GU) or gastric cancer (GC), but the causal relationships remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify these links using bidirectional and mediation Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. We used genome-wide association study data for 226 dietary factors as exposures and GU and GC as outcomes, derived from the FinnGen database (7012 GU cases, 385,082 controls; 1423 GC cases, 345,118 controls). Single nucleotide polymorphisms were selected as instrumental variables. MR analyses were performed using inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger regression, weighted median, and weighted mode methods. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy were evaluated with Cochran Q, I² statistics, MR-Egger regression, and leave-one-out analysis. Mediation MR analysis was conducted to investigate the role of 1400 metabolites in mediating dietary effects on GC. MR analysis indicated that average weekly beer plus cider intake and hard cheese intake were positively associated with GU, whereas average monthly red wine intake, cereal intake, courgette intake, dried fruit intake, other egg intake, seeds intake, and spinach intake were negatively associated. GU appeared to influence dietary choices, decreasing cheesy biscuits, oily fish, and yogurt consumption, while increasing poultry, pulses, and sweet potato intake. For GC, instant soup and milk-based puddings were positively associated, while oily fish, hot soup, red wine, pineapple, sweetener-added cereal, and water were negatively associated. Reverse mediation MR analysis showed no significant effect of GC on different food intakes. Mediation analysis suggested that the effect of other meat intake on GC was partially mediated through salicylate (15.09%) and carotene diol (13.10%) levels. This study reveals the complex relationships between different dietary intakes and GU and GC through bidirectional and mediation MR. These findings suggest that dietary modification and metabolite regulation may hold potential as preventive or therapeutic strategies for GU and GC.

BackgroundWhile pulmonary aspergillosis constitutes a common fungal infection with typical respiratory manifestations, its association with tracheal cartilage exfoliation is an exceedingly rare complication. This report describes a case in a 55-year-old female, detailing the clinical presentation, therapeutic management, and follow-up to elucidate this unusual disease process.Case presentationA middle-aged diabetic woman presented with cough, wheezing, and sputum. Imaging and bronchoscopy identified a tracheal mass, with biopsy confirming fungal (likely Aspergillus) infection.During intravenous voriconazole treatment, she coughed out a piece of cartilage, confirming tracheal invasion. Follow-up showed tracheal stenosis, granulation tissue, and cartilage destruction.Over the time her symptoms resolved. Follow-up CT showed stable tracheal narrowing, with good recovery.ConclusionDespite improved diagnostics for pulmonary fungal infections, tracheal cartilage exfoliation due to Aspergillus remains a serious concern. The fungus secretes endotoxins and proteases that cause tissue necrosis and cartilage invasion, leading to exfoliation prone to misdiagnosis and life-threatening asphyxia. Therefore, thorough patient education about this risk is essential.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.

Neonatal hemolytic disease and jaundice represent a persistent global health challenge, accounting for substantial avoidable mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental impairment among infants worldwide, with inequitable impacts across resource regions. This study aimed to evaluate the global, regional, and national burden of hemolytic disease and neonatal jaundice from 1990 to 2021, and project future trends up to 2050. Data on prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and risk factors were drawn from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. Socio-demographic disparities were assessed via the socio-demographic index (SDI). Temporal trends were examined, inequalities were quantified by the slope index of inequality and concentration index, and future burden was projected to 2050. Globally, the ASPR of neonatal jaundice increased by 41.5% between 1990 and 2021, while ASDR decreased by 56.8%. DALYs declined overall, but absolute case numbers rose due to population growth and improved survival. The burden was consistently higher in males than females and disproportionately concentrated in low and middle SDI regions. Key risk factors included low birthweight, preterm birth, and air pollution. Projections suggest that prevalence will continue to rise through 2050, while mortality is expected to decline further. A global trend of increasing ASPR but decreasing ASDR from neonatal jaundice-related conditions was found. However, low SDI regions still have a disproportionate burden, underscoring the urgent need for targeted perinatal interventions and mitigation of environmental risks.

BackgroundEmerging evidence suggests indoor air pollution (IAP) from solid fuel use may adversely affect early childhood development (ECD), yet urban-rural disparities in these associations are not well characterized, particularly in high-altitude regions. This study investigated the disparate effects of solid cooking and heating fuel exposure on ECD across urban and rural communities in Tibet, China.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1,085 children from the Tibetan plateau. IAP exposure was determined through validated questionnaires, while ECD was assessed using the Chinese version of the Age and Stage Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3). Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated associations between IAP exposure and developmental outcomes, with urban-rural effect heterogeneity examined through interaction tests.ResultsSolid cooking fuel exposure was significantly associated with developmental delays, particularly in fine motor (OR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.42–3.56) and communication skills (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.29–3.76). Whereas solid heating fuels showed no overall effect, they specifically impaired fine motor (OR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.54–7.69) and problem-solving abilities (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.26–3.90). Most notably, combined exposure exhibited a synergistic effect, with the risk of fine motor impairment escalating markedly (OR = 6.27, 95% CI: 2.34–16.84). Furthermore, this association was significantly modified by residential location, being more pronounced in rural (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.28–2.56) than in urban children (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.32–1.54; P for difference < 0.05).ConclusionsHousehold solid fuel use for cooking and heating is associated with domain-specific developmental delays, with effects most pronounced in rural communities. These findings underscore the critical need for targeted interventions to transition to cleaner household energy sources in high-altitude regions, which is essential to safeguard early child development.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-025-26001-z.

Abstract Objectives This study aims to explore the function of ADSCs-derived exosomes within a hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel on chondrocytes. Methods ADSCs-Exo were isolated and characterized through western blot analysis. An HA hydrogel encapsulating ADSCs-Exo (HA@ADSCs-Exo) was formulated. To simulate cartilage injury, an IL-1β-induced cell model was constructed. MTT assay, flow cytometry, ELISA, and RT-qPCR were used to detect the cell viability, apoptosis, as well as inflammatory factors, oxidative stress indexes, and the levels of degradation-related proteins and synthesis-related proteins in SW1353 chondrocytes. Results In comparison to IL-1β induction, the presence of HA@ADSCs-Exo improved cell viability and mitigated cell apoptosis. HA@ADSCs-Exo significantly restricted the production of TNF-α and IL-6 in the context of IL-1β stimulation. Moreover, the addition of HA@ADSCs-Exo inhibited the intracellular leakage of MDA and promoted the formation of SOD. Ultimately, HA@ADSCs-Exo effectively suppressed the expression of chondrocyte degradation markers (MMP-13 and ADAMTS-1), while simultaneously facilitating the upregulation of chondrocyte reconstruction marker (Aggrecan). Conclusions HA@ADSCs-Exo demonstrates remarkable efficacy in mitigating chondrocyte damage induced by IL-1β. This innovative drug delivery system, which intricately combines HA-hydrogels with exosomes derived from ADSCs, offers a novel approach to addressing cartilage injury and has exhibited promising potential for facilitating cartilage repair.

Abstract As science and technology continue to progress, the variety and number of robots used in assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have steadily increased, allowing more surgeons and patients to benefit from enhanced medical precision and improved knee joint function, ultimately leading to a better quality of life. This study conducted a retrospective analysis of 164 knee osteoarthritis patients who underwent either traditional or robot-assisted TKA following the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol. The patients were divided into four groups according to the surgical approach and robotic system employed: traditional TKA group, Brainlab navigation system group (BRATKA group), domestic Hehua robot group (HRATKA group), and Stryker Cori robot group (CRATKA group). Data collected included basic patient information, imaging data, blood indicators, knee function, pain scores, complication rates, and in-hospital satisfaction.The results showed that under the ERAS protocol, the incision length in the robotic groups was longer than that in the conventional group (P &gt; 0.05). The surgery times in the BRATKA group was longer than HRATKA group, while the TKA and CRATKA groups were shorter than them (P &lt; 0.05). The HRATKA group performed better in terms of FFC (femoral-femoral contact) compared to the other groups (P &lt; 0.05). The LFC (lateral femoral condyle) was comparable to the TKA group, smaller than the BRATKA and CRATKA groups (P &lt; 0.05), The LTC (lateral tibial condyle) angle in the HRATKA group was nearer to 90° compared to the TKA group. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in terms of HKA (hip-knee-ankle angle) and FTC (femoral-tibial contact) angles.On the third postoperative day, no significant differences were observed in the rate of knee swelling, length of hospital stay, changes in WBC, NLR, ESR, and CRP levels among the groups, or perioperative blood loss (P &gt; 0.05). However, patients in the Brainlab group had higher resting VAS (Visual Analog Scale) and movement VAS scores compared to the other groups on day 3 post-operation (P &lt; 0.05). At 90 days postoperatively, no statistically significant differences were found in VAS scores across the four groups. Additionally, there were no notable differences in KSS (Knee Society Score) or ROM (Range of Motion) scores postoperatively (P &gt; 0.05).All four groups encountered common complications, including lower limb intermuscular venous thrombosis and wound exudation. Satisfaction rates exceeded 95% in all groups (P &gt; 0.05). Under the ERAS protocol, despite differences in surgical approach, operation time, certain imaging data, and pain scores at 3 days post-operation, the three robotic systems demonstrated effective knee function recovery and patient satisfaction, comparable to the conventional TKA group, without increasing perioperative blood loss, inflammatory responses, or surgical complications. These findings suggest that robotic-assisted TKA, when applied under the ERAS protocol, leads to satisfactory clinical outcomes, further validating its role in improving surgical precision and promoting faster recovery.

Abstract Objectives Peripheral neuropathy, as a complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is easily overlooked in the early stage. The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of microRNA-7977 (miR-7977) for early warning of T2DM combined with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods The study included T2DM patients two groups: those without DPN (n=63) and those with DPN (n=62). Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to detect serum levels of miR-7977 and mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2). Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve was used to assess their diagnose potential for DPN. Serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant markers (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) were measured. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase reporter assays were used to validate MDM2 as a target of miR-7977. Results Serum miR-7977 levels were elevated in T2DM patients compared to healthy controls and further increased in DPN patients. Elevated miR-7977 was an independent risk factor for DPN and was positively correlated with MDA and negatively correlated with antioxidant markers in patients. MDM2, as a target gene of miR-7977, showed an opposite trend of expression to that in patients. Serum MDM2 combined with miR-7977 can efficiently diagnose T2DM combined with DPN. Conclusions miR-7977 and MDM2 may serve as a novel biomarker for early DPN diagnosis. miR-7977 may promote oxidative stress process by targeting MDM2, suggesting a potential therapeutic pathway.