Parque Tecnológico de la Salud

To explore food group intake and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) in a representative sample of 2833 middle-aged and older adults from the HERMEX study. This cross-sectional study utilized a food frequency questionnaire to assess food group intake and measured MD adherence using the MD Score. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical characteristics were also analyzed. Among participants, 74% were living with overweight or obesity, 69.9% were non-smokers, and 88% showed medium-high adherence to the MD. Compared to the national dietary recommendations issued by the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (AESAN), 76% had carbohydrate intake below recommended levels (average intake: 35.4%), whereas 73.5% consumed protein at 16.6% of total energy intake. Only 2% of participants adhered to the fat intake recommendation (<35% of total energy). Consumption of fruits, vegetables, cereals, potatoes, and eggs was below recommendations, while intake of legumes, nuts, fish, seafood, and dairy met or nearly met the recommendations. Meat consumption exceeded recommendations. Macronutrient intake (carbohydrates, protein, fat, and fiber) was similar across BMI groups. However, participants with obesity consumed fewer nuts, whereas those with normal weight had a higher intake of red wine compared to individuals with overweight (p<0.05). MD adherence was similar across BMI groups (34 points on a 0-55 scale). Prevalence of overweight and obesity was high despite medium-high adherence to the MD. Overall, caloric intake and food consumption patterns were consistent across BMI groups, with notable differences in nut and red wine intake.

ABSTRACT Muscle stiffness is a critical biomechanical property that influences joint function and neuromuscular control, with deviations often indicating underlying pathology. Two‐dimensional shear wave elastography (2D‐SWE) is a non‐invasive imaging technique that quantifies muscle stiffness and shows clinical promise in musculoskeletal assessment. The pectoralis major and minor muscles are of interest due to their roles in shoulder function and their susceptibility to treatment‐related changes, especially in breast cancer populations. Despite its potential, no systematic review has yet evaluated the reliability and validity of 2D‐SWE for assessing stiffness in these muscles. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, using PubMed and Web of Science to identify relevant studies. The Consensus‐Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist was used to assess methodological quality. Five studies met inclusion criteria, all evaluating the reliability of 2D‐SWE for pectoralis muscle stiffness. Intra‐rater reliability ranged from moderate to excellent (ICC = 0.57–0.99), while inter‐rater reliability was consistently good (ICC = 0.85–0.89). No studies assessed validity, and most had doubtful or inadequate quality in key COSMIN domains. This review emphasizes that 2D‐SWE demonstrates moderate to excellent intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability for assessing stiffness of the pectoralis major and minor muscles in healthy individuals. However, the validity of SWE for these muscles has not been established. Given limited demographic diversity, future research should focus on validation in broader populations and protocol standardization to support clinical applicability.

The use of solid organic fuels is expected to continue increasing during the near future, requiring bigger facilities and storage units. It is known that one of the main risks associated to these materials is the risk of fire and explosion. While flammability parameters and testing standards have been adapted from fossil fuel research, these adaptations often fail to account for the unique properties and behaviour of organic dusts. This study aims to critically evaluate the applicability of current flammability testing standards to organic solid fuels, identify inconsistencies in parameter determination, and propose improvements to enhance safety assessments. Special attention is given to the influence of particle size, moisture content, and composition on ignition sensitivity. A comprehensive literature review was conducted alongside experimental thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of wood pellet dusts under varying conditions. The study examined how methodological variables (such as crucible size, heating rate, and gas atmosphere) affect thermal decomposition profiles and ignition-related parameters. The results reveal that current standards often overlook critical variables such as sample preparation, dispersion method, and equipment configuration, leading to inconsistent or non-representative results. TGA parameters like maximum weight loss temperature and induction temperature were found to be sensitive to test conditions. The study underscores the need for more detailed and standardized testing protocols tailored to organic dusts. It advocates for a shift beyond worst-case scenario assumptions toward more realistic, scenario-specific assessments. These improvements are essential for enhancing the reliability of flammability data and ensuring safer industrial practices involving combustible dusts.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a key role in energy metabolism and is closely linked to metabolic disorders such as obesity. While PET imaging provides precise BAT quantification via standardized uptake values (SUV), its use remains costly and invasive. A recent approach using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to predict BAT activity from CT scans has shown potential, but it relies on large datasets and sometimes suffers from limited generalizability. In this work, we investigate a novel, data-efficient alternative using Gaussian Splatting-a neural scene representation technique originally developed for real-time rendering and recently adapted to medical imaging. We first train a dual-channel Gaussian model on a single CT/PET pair. For new patients, this Gaussian representation is fine-tuned using only the CT image. Preliminary results suggest that the model captures general PET structure and some BAT regions, despite limitations due to CT-only supervision. Upcoming work will incorporate prior-guided learning to improve anatomical accuracy and generalization.

IntroductionTraining the general population in basic life support is essential because it increases the likelihood that laypeople will perform high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation early on, which has a significant impact on patient outcomes. The university stage is a pivotal time to impart this knowledge to individuals outside the healthcare sector. This study aims to describe and analyses the extent to which students on the Medicine degree programme at the University of Granada have acquired competencies in teaching methodology applied to life support instruction. Additionally, the study aims to evaluate the potential academic and social impact of this training intervention.MethodsThis is a prospective observational study targeting a selected group of medical students from the University of Granada. The students received specific training in teaching methodology applied to basic life support teaching and learning processes. The students' acquisition of various skills is assessed to determine their readiness to become trainers in this field.ResultsA total of 89 students, all in their third to fifth year of university, received training in the methodology applied to teaching and learning processes in basic life support. This training used the different phases of the demonstrative method. Four training sessions were conducted, during which the phases of the demonstrative method were explained in detail and the students were given the opportunity to carry them out. The performance of the entire process was then assessed. As a result, over 89% of students successfully completed the phases of the demonstrative method.DiscussionMedical Degree students are capable of acquiring skills in teaching methodology to conduct Basic Life Support training courses for the general population. This is independent of the year in which they are in their training, as long as they have received theoretical training in this subject. Further studies are encouraged by these results, with the aim of extending this type of training to other medical education centers nationwide.

Abstract Background Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are the most common cause of primary food allergy and food-induced anaphylaxis in Southern European countries (Mediterranean and Atlantic areas). They are widely distributed in the outer layer of plant-based foods as well as in the pollen of trees and herbaceous plants. Due to their biochemical and molecular characteristics, LTPs exhibit high resistance to enzymatic digestion, acidic pH, and heat, leading to immunological cross-reactivity with unrelated foods or pollens in patients sensitized to these proteins. LTPs are considered complete food allergens (Class I allergens) capable of sensitizing through the gastrointestinal tract, with peach LTP (Pru p 3) often acting as the primary sensitizer, subsequently directing the immune response towards recognizing other LTPs. The aim of this study was to determine the LTP sensitization profile and its association with food allergies in patients consulting the allergy department in our region. Methods Samples were collected from patients attending our allergy department with suspected LTP sensitization. Once sensitization was confirmed through a positive intradermal test for LTP, demographic data, clinical allergy history, and diagnostic test results were recorded. In vivo testing was conducted using intradermal skin tests, while in vitro testing involved specific IgE determination using LTP-RUO immunoblot assay strips from Euroimmun®, which include six recombinant allergens and four allergen mixtures. Results A total of 96 samples were collected, including 13 negative controls. The average patient age was 35 years, with a majority of female participants (55%). Among the specific IgE tests for LTP analyzed, 25 patients (30.1%) tested positive for all LTPs, 11 patients (13.3%) tested positive for between 1 and 5 of the studied LTPs, and 55 patients (66.3%) tested positive for more than 5. Seventeen participants (20.5%) tested negative for all LTPs but showed reactivity to aeroallergens (mainly pollen family) through intradermal skin testing. The Pru p 3 test (peach LTP), considered the primary sensitizer, was negative in 19 participants (22.9%), with no positive results for any of the other measured LTPs. We found two patients who tested negative for Pru p 3 but positive for other LTPs: one for X2 Pha v3 (green bean) and the other for both X4 Sola L (tomato) and X2 Pha v3 (green bean). Conclusion LTP sensitization in our geographic area is predominantly linked to Pru p 3 but it cannot be considered a prototypical marker of this syndrome. LTP allergy is very common in Mediterranean countries and can cause potentially life-threatening reactions. This highlights the need to understand the clinical and immunological characteristics that can help identify and prevent anaphylactic episodes in patients exposed to LTP-containing foods

Intracellular copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) offers immense potential for bioorthogonal chemistry, but its application is severely hindered by copper toxicity and the challenge of controlling catalysis within the complex cellular environment. Heterogeneous copper catalysts can reduce toxicity by minimizing free copper exposure and enabling localized activity, yet optimizing their performance in situ within living cells remains a significant hurdle. Here, the development of a novel dual‐functional nanocatalyst, Cu@BTTAA‐Cy5‐NPs, that combines robust heterogeneous CuAAC catalytic activity with intrinsic fluorescence tracking is reported. The successful synthesis and characterization of these monodispersed nanoparticles is demonstrated, confirming efficient copper loading stabilized by BTTAA and the nanoparticle matrix, and critically, the retention of Cy5 fluorescence for tracking. This unique dual functionality allows for real‐time monitoring of nanoparticle localization and correlation with catalytic product formation via distinct fluorescence channels, enabling, for the first time to our knowledge, comprehensive in situ screening and optimization of CuAAC reaction conditions directly within living cells using fluorescence feedback. The nanoparticles exhibit excellent biocompatibility and cellular uptake, showing no significant toxicity, apoptosis, or oxidative stress at active concentrations.

Chronic wounds are characterized by persistent inflammation and microbial colonization, which interfere with the healing process and represent a significant clinical challenge. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and reparative potential of ellagic acid and punicalagin, along with their antimicrobial activity. Human dermal fibroblasts were exposed to a simulated inflammatory microenvironment induced by interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF) or bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and subsequently treated with ellagic acid or punicalagin (10−6 M and 10−7 M). Cell proliferation was assessed via MTT assay, and migration was evaluated using the scratch wound assay. IL-1β and IL-6 secretion was quantified by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in LPS-treated fibroblasts. Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was analyzed using the disk diffusion method. Both compounds significantly enhanced fibroblast viability and migration under inflammation and reduced the secretion of IL-1β and IL-6. However, no antimicrobial activity was observed at the tested concentrations. These findings suggest that ellagic acid and punicalagin may promote wound healing by modulating inflammation and supporting fibroblast function, despite lacking direct antimicrobial effect. Further in vivo studies are needed to validate their therapeutic relevance and explore their potential in the development of novel treatments for chronic wounds.