Pathodiagnostik Berlin

Since the beginning of the war of aggression against Ukraine, a massive militarization of childhood and youth has taken place in Russia. Spending on a propaganda promoting national pride has exploded. Kindergartens and schools impart knowledge about combat and war. Heroes die for the Fatherland. In the tradition of the Pioneers, the Movement of the First now indoctrinates children outside of school as well. The combination of military education and lessons in “patriotism”, extracurricular events, and militarised summer camps serves the purpose of moulding children and young people into ideologically trained soldiers who, upon graduation, are ready for war. A generation of cannon fodder is in the making.

Eine Perspektive auf Commons und Commoning lässt die Verwobenheit von Stadt und Land deutlich werden. Commoning als geteilte Praxis des Organisierens und Nutzens von Ressourcen lässt sich in vielen Bereichen menschlicher Bedürfnisbefriedigung wie Nahrung, Wohnen, Energie, Kultur und Gesundheit in gesellschaftlichen Freiräumen beobachten. Praxen des Commoning sind zentrale Bausteine für eine sozial-ökologische Transformation von unten. Ermöglichende kommunale Rahmenbedingungen sind wichtig für gelingendes Commoning.

Introduction Fistula formation is a major complication in Crohn’s disease (CD). Around 35%-40% of patients will develop at least one fistula during their disease course. Evidence points to a role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in fistula formation. However, the role of the immune cell compartment in fistula formation and EMT remains to be elucidated.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Depending on disease severity, a combination of conservative and surgical treatments is necessary. This analysis aimed to determine the impact of surgical interventions on patient psychosocial well-being. This is a prospective, noninterventional, multicenter study. The medical history, medical examination, and patient-reported outcomes, including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Dermatology Life Quality Index, and the Short Form-12 Health Survey, were collected from 481 patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. Among all patients with hidradenitis suppurativa included in this study, 74.2% reported surgery before study inclusion, of whom 92.4% could identify surgery type and location. Although adjusted for confounding factors, such as disease severity and activity, the aforementioned patient reported outcomes, did not vary significantly between groups of patients with different techniques and number of prior surgical intervention. However, patients without any prior surgical intervention yielded significantly better scores. In patients with hidradenitis suppurativa, previous surgery was associated with worse outcomes in anxiety, depression, and quality of life, showing the apparent need of psychological support. It remains unclear whether the morbidity of surgical procedures or a possible higher severity score in patients undergoing surgery is responsible.

Background: Instrumental motion analysis constitutes a promising development in the assessment of motor function in clinical populations affected by movement disorders. To foster implementation and facilitate interpretation of respective outcomes, we aimed to establish normative data of healthy subjects for a markerless RGB-Depth camera-based motion analysis system and to illustrate their use. Methods: We recorded 133 healthy adults (56% female) aged 20 to 60 years with an RGB-Depth camera-based motion analysis system. Forty-three spatiotemporal parameters were extracted from six short, standardized motor tasks—including three gait tasks, stepping in place, standing-up and sitting down, and a postural control task. Associations with confounding factors, height, weight, age, and sex were modelled using a predictive linear regression approach. A z-score normalization approach was provided to improve usability of the data. Results: We reported descriptive statistics for each spatiotemporal parameter (mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, quartiles). Robust confounding associations emerged for step length and step width in comfortable speed gait only. Accessible normative data usage was lastly exemplified with recordings from one randomly selected individual with multiple sclerosis. Conclusion: We provided normative data for an RGB depth camera-based motion analysis system covering broad aspects of motor capacity.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in children and is associated with overweight and insulin resistance (IR). Almost nothing is known about in vivo alterations of liver metabolism in NAFLD, especially in the early stages of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Here, we used a complex mathematical model of liver metabolism to quantify the central hepatic metabolic functions of 71 children with biopsy-proven NAFLD. For each patient, a personalized model variant was generated based on enzyme abundances determined by mass spectroscopy. Our analysis revealed statistically significant alterations in the hepatic carbohydrate, lipid, and ammonia metabolism, which increased with the degree of obesity and severity of NAFLD. Histologic features of NASH and IR displayed opposing associations with changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism but synergistically decreased urea synthesis in favor of the increased release of glutamine, a driver of liver fibrosis. Taken together, our study reveals already significant alterations in the NASH liver of pediatric patients, which, however, are differently modulated by the simultaneous presence of IR.

BackgroundInstrumented assessment of motor symptoms has emerged as a promising extension to the clinical assessment of several movement disorders. The use of mobile and inexpensive technologies such as some markerless motion capture technologies is especially promising for large-scale application but has not transitioned into clinical routine to date. A crucial step on this path is to implement standardized, clinically applicable tools that identify and control for quality concerns.ObjectiveThe main goal of this study comprises the development of a systematic quality control (QC) procedure for data collected with markerless motion capture technology and its experimental implementation to identify specific quality concerns and thereby rate the usability of recordings.MethodsWe developed a post hoc QC pipeline that was evaluated using a large set of short motor task recordings of healthy controls (2010 recordings from 162 subjects) and people with multiple sclerosis (2682 recordings from 187 subjects). For each of these recordings, 2 raters independently applied the pipeline. They provided overall usability decisions and identified technical and performance-related quality concerns, which yielded respective proportions of their occurrence as a main result.ResultsThe approach developed here has proven user-friendly and applicable on a large scale. Raters’ decisions on recording usability were concordant in 71.5%-92.3% of cases, depending on the motor task. Furthermore, 39.6%-85.1% of recordings were concordantly rated as being of satisfactory quality whereas in 5.0%-26.3%, both raters agreed to discard the recording.ConclusionsWe present a QC pipeline that seems feasible and useful for instant quality screening in the clinical setting. Results confirm the need of QC despite using standard test setups, testing protocols, and operator training for the employed system and by extension, for other task-based motor assessment technologies. Results of the QC process can be used to clean existing data sets, optimize quality assurance measures, as well as foster the development of automated QC approaches and therefore improve the overall reliability of kinematic data sets.

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