Pepperdine University

Abstract In previous work, we associated to $$\text {SU(3)}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mtext>SU(3)</mml:mtext> </mml:math> , $$\textrm{G}_2$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mtext>G</mml:mtext> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> , and $$\text {Spin(7)}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mtext>Spin(7)</mml:mtext> </mml:math> -structures minimal left ideals for the Clifford algebras $$\mathbb {R}_{0,6},\mathbb {R}_{0,7}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>6</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>7</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and $$\mathbb {R}_{0,8}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:math> , respectively. In this paper, we continue to analyze the link between Berger’s classification theorem and the structure theorem of minimal left ideals for Clifford algebras of signature ( p , q ) by identifying $$\textrm{U}(n)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>U</mml:mtext> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> -structures with minimal left ideals for Clifford algebras of various signatures via the induced Kahler polynomial $$P(\omega _{0})$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> associated with the symplectic form $$\omega _{0}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>ω</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> that defines the $$\textrm{U}(n)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>U</mml:mtext> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> -structure as a stabilizer subgroup of $$\textrm{O}(n)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>O</mml:mtext> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> .

This study aimed to examine the influence of warning-label content and smokers' individual differences on perceived label effectiveness in the reduction of household smoking. Cross-sectional online questionnaire study conducted between June 28 and July 2, 2025. Adult Japanese smokers rated self- and family-oriented risk text warnings. Multiple regression analysis was utilized to test how warning content and individual characteristics could predict the perceived effectiveness in reducing overall and household smoking. Content analysis explored open-ended questions regarding reasons regarding smoking at home and attitudes toward warning labels. Responses from 170 participants were analyzed. Family- and self-oriented warnings were perceived to be similarly effective (B=-0.10, 95% CI [-0.39, 0.19], p=.50). However, smokers with more cohabitants and those living in detached houses (vs. multi-unit housing) viewed warning labels as more effective in reducing overall smoking (B=0.43, 95% CI [0.07, 0.77], p=.02). Smokers who smoked more at home perceived the labels as less effective at controlling household smoking (B=-0.26, 95% CI [-0.47, -0.04], p=.02). Content analysis showed that smoking at home was mainly attributed to stress relief, addiction, and designated smoking areas at home. Many smokers reported feeling nothing when seeing the labels. While some participants said that the labels made consider smoking cessation, some also stated that they believed the labels had no effect. In Japan, the residential environments of smokers shape how effectively they perceive warning labels. This calls for the tailoring of antismoking policies according to individual differences.

The complexity and instability of today's supply chains are forces that are going to require decision-making frameworks that are proactive, adaptive, and intelligent. The paper being presented here is about the introduction of the Sixth Sense Agentic AI, a new architecture, whose purpose is to steer the traditional planning of supply chains into a nonstop loop of intelligence that is always anticipating. The system consists of four layers, namely Perception, Cognitive, Agentic, and Human–AI Collaboration, which support the ingestion of data in real-time, predictive analytics, the execution of operations by autonomous entities, and supervision by the responsible party. Uses of the system are among others: demand sensing, multi-echelon inventory optimization, scenario planning, and collaborative Sales & Operations Planning (S&OP). The trial of the framework was done on 24 months of mixed data: historical and real-time data was used together with POS, weather, and supplier performance data, plus social sentiment information. The operational results of this study were refreshing: accuracy of forecasts went up by 35%, cost incurred from inventory outweighed by 18%, time for planning cycles cut by 50%, time to respond to scenarios made better by 89%, stock-outs down by 61% and 13% more deliveries being on-time than in the past. Feedback from users confirms the quality of decision making has improved, that collaboration across different functions has increased, and that planners are more confident, but they also have stressed the importance of having governance and supervisions in place. The study says that Sixth Sense Agentic AI can bring about a supply chain ecosystem that is proactive, autonomous, and resilient, thus making it possible to gain both operational and strategic advantages.

ABSTRACT This study investigates how expert witness credentials (CPA versus Ph.D.) and teaching experience influence jurors’ perceptions of credibility and reliance on testimony. Using a 2 × 2 experimental design with 131 mock jurors, results show no significant differences based on credential type or teaching experience. Jurors rated CPA and Ph.D. experts as equally credible, and teaching experience did not enhance credibility or reliance. The findings suggest that jurors apply a credibility threshold—such that once experts hold a well-recognized credential, additional qualifications offer no further benefit. Jurors appear to rely on heuristic cues, treating titles like “CPA” or “Ph.D.” as sufficient markers of competence. Practically, this study serves as a first look at the possible influence of selected forensic accounting expert witness credentials. Future research should (1) incorporate adversarial expert witness testimony and (2) examine a broader range of certifications, education, experience, and training to qualify expert witnesses. Data Availability: Data are available upon request. JEL Classifications: M49.

Abstract Few events and virtually no trials carry cultural and political meaning for over a century, but 100 years after it ended with a courtroom triumph for the prosecution and a cultural victory for the defense, the Scopes trial continues to resonate in American politics, science, religion, and popular culture. It brought together powerful forces in American society that have only grown stronger over time. In this Overview, I discuss the origins, proceedings, and impact of that now-epic misdemeanor trial that took place in July of 1925 in Dayton, Tennessee. The account highlights the role of American orator and politician William Jennings Bryan in the lead up and prosecution of the event, and of famed lawyer and secularist Clarence Darrow for the defense. More than any of the other participants, their presence and tactics turned a small-town trial into a national cultural event of enduring significance.

Throughout history, both human-made crises and natural disasters have displaced populations, forcing people to leave their homes. This not only results in lasting scars on those who flee but can also profoundly impact entire societies. Drawing from the fields of organizational studies, migration studies, and psychology, we argue that understanding the long-term effects of refugee migration requires a comprehensive examination of the entire refugee journey. During pre-, mid-, and postmigration phases, organizational actors play a pivotal role in shaping refugees’ individual and collective experiences. At the individual level, refugees may experience posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth. At the collective level, transgenerational trauma evolves into a shared memory, profoundly influencing the long-term outcomes of refugee migration, which is intersected by coping skills and spillover-crossover effects from work to family. By highlighting the intricate interplay between these psychological processes and organizations, we shed light on how much contemporary society has been—and will continue to be—shaped by the opportunities extended to, or withheld from, refugees. We underscore the imperative for organizational scholarship to more clearly theorize refugee migration as distinct from broader migration phenomena and outline a path forward for research, policy, and practice.

This qualitative study sought to identify and describe themes related to how the Latter-day Saint community coped with the COVID-19 pandemic with particular emphasis on divine grace and meaning/purpose (M/P). It illuminates ways in which an understudied religious community accessed their faith beliefs to make sense of an unparalleled (in modern times) worldwide COVID-19 pandemic. Applying a hybrid deductive-inductive approach to qualitative thematic analysis and a limited grounded theory framework, researchers conducted, transcribed, and coded semi-structured interviews with members of the Latter-day Saint community. Several themes emerged from the data including (1) faith, religion, and religious beliefs during challenges and hardships, including relying on one’s faith to get through challenges, the focus of grace and blessings through trials, and the belief in God bringing peace; (2) role of God and God’s plan during the COVID-19 pandemic; (3) benefits of the COVID-19 pandemic and opportunities related to the COVID-19 pandemic; (4) religious/spiritual practices during the COVID-19 pandemic; and (5) global characteristics of the COVID-19 pandemic. Unique themes appeared related to God’s grace and M/P that are discussed in further detail. Overall, participants framed their responses in ways that portrayed the COVID-19 pandemic as an opportunity to practice faith and experience growth. Participants’ foundational beliefs of a loving, omnipotent God were not challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic. Rather, the COVID-19 pandemic was viewed as a method God uses to teach lessons and increase faith. Unique cultural components related to the Latter-day Saint community are discussed.