Petronas (Malaysia)

Abstract This paper presents the Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Installation (EPCI) of a first-of-its-kind, fit-for-purpose reinforcement system to temporarily qualify a lightweight Wellhead Support Structure (WSS) for freestanding operation. The requirement arose when the supporting Mobile Offshore Production Unit (MOPU) at the "B" field required to undergo mandatory drydocking, leaving the WSS, which has reached its 10-year design life, structurally unsupported. Under significant economic and schedule constraints, an innovative anchor-wire reinforcement solution was selected. The system employs a modular clamp system installed on the 36-inch conductors without hot work, an energy-dissipating catenary mooring configuration using slack chains and a load-redistribution framework to enhance overall integrity. Real-time displacement monitoring via a Differential Global Navigation Satellite System (DGNSS) confirmed that movements remained within allowable limits (up to 200 mm). The fast-tracked project was completed in three months with exemplary HSE performance (i.e., zero incidents and 27,852 safe person-hours). Supplemental solar-powered systems ensured ongoing safety and sustainability, offering a replicable blueprint for late-life asset challenges.

Abstract Conventional underwater pipeline inspections typically utilize Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) tethered to Dynamic Positioning Class 2 (DP2) vessels, which entail significant expenses. To reduce these expenses, alternative inspection approaches have been explored. The Robotic Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) offers a cost-effective alternative by eliminating the need for a DP2 vessel and can instead be deployed using a more economical DP1 vessel, pioneering the underwater pipeline inspection. This game-changing Robotic AUV with Electric Field Gradient Sensor (EFGS) integration using a DP1 vessel can reduce inspection costs by up to 55% compared to using a ROV with a DP2 vessel. Additionally, it can reduce inspection durations from 19 days to just 7 days (a 60% reduction), significantly lowering the cost and carbon footprint due to the shorter execution time. The development of the AUV technology integrated with EFGS was a collaborative effort between PETRONAS and AUV developer, ROVULA. This innovative technology has successfully completed its pilot deployment in November 2024, inspecting a 30″ pipeline over a total length of 155 km offshore Sarawak. The Robotic AUV can achieve superior inspection coverage compared to conventional ROV methods and accomplishes the task in less time. This advantage is due to the untethered operation of the lightweight AUV, which allows it to move twice as fast as the ROV and eliminates the need for physical contact with the pipeline. The EFGS technology performs non-contact cathodic protection (CP) measurements. Unlike the conventional ROV CP stab method, which requires the ROV to frequently stop and stab the CP probe onto the anodes and bare metal (if exposed), the AUV with EFGS moves along the pipeline without stoppage. It accurately measures the field gradient along the entire pipeline without contacting the anodes or pipeline, even if it is buried.

Abstract This paper presents a strategy-driven approach to implementing remote operation (RO) in unmanned wellhead platforms within a CAPEX-sensitive and flow assurance challenging environment. The objective is to challenge the perception that RO inherently increases capital expenditure by showcasing a fit-for-purpose methodology applied throughout the engineering phases. The case study focuses on a real-world project involving high wax and sand production, where the project team was tasked to adopt remote operation for the unmanned wellhead platform with remote operation center from FPSO as a centralized hub. The team developed a tailored RO strategy that integrates critical monitoring, remote diagnostics, and intervention capabilities without compromising economic viability. By applying risk-based prioritization and cross-discipline collaboration, the project demonstrates how RO can be achieved even in technically complex and cost-constrained developments. This work demonstrates that remote operation (RO) is achievable even in fields with significant technical hurdles. By showcasing a tailored strategy that integrates risk-based automation, targeted diagnostics, and collaborative engineering, the paper provides a replicable model for future greenfield developments facing similar challenges. The approach not only enhances operational safety and efficiency but also ensures economic viability, offering valuable insights for operators seeking to adopt RO in technically demanding environments. Remote operation is feasible even in high-contaminant fields when approached with a tailored, risk-based strategy. By carefully assessing operational risks and aligning automation investments with critical needs, project teams can overcome technical hurdles without compromising economic viability. Early stakeholder alignment and cross-functional collaboration are essential to this success, ensuring that all disciplines contribute to a unified and practical design philosophy. This approach offers a replicable model for future developments facing similar constraints.

Abstract This paper documents the successful application of ERMAI Real-Time Petrophysics (RTP) during a gas infill drilling campaign in the Sabah Basin, demonstrating how artificial-intelligence-enabled formation evaluation can enhance subsurface understanding and support more effective operational decision-making while drilling. The campaign comprised three development wells (Well-5, Well-6, and Well-7) drilled in a mature gas field characterized by thinly bedded, heterogeneous reservoirs and associated geological uncertainty. ERMAI RTP employed machine-learning models trained on high-quality petrophysical interpretations calibrated against core porosity, permeability, and mineralogical data derived from X-ray diffraction (XRD). Throughout drilling, real-time petrophysical interpretations were continuously updated using logging-while-drilling data, enabling early reservoir identification, anomaly detection, and dynamic decision support at the wellsite. This live interpretation capability provided greater confidence in reservoir presence, quality, and extent compared with conventional pre-drill prognostic workflows. Across the three wells, the real-time AI interpretation identified a total of 451 ft of additional net pay behind casing within associated gas (AG) and non-associated gas (NAG) sands, representing future Best Casing Opportunities (BCO). All wells encountered thicker and higher-quality reservoir intervals than initially predicted, highlighting the value of real-time, AI-driven petrophysics over traditional static interpretation approaches. The results demonstrate that AI-enabled real-time petrophysical evaluation can materially improve drilling outcomes, reduce subsurface uncertainty, and maximize reservoir access in gas field development programs.

Abstract Sand production remains a persistent challenge in hydrocarbon recovery from unconsolidated shallow clastic formations. In Malaysia, conventional downhole mechanical sand control methods often prove inadequate in managing fine sands, resulting in surface equipment erosion, increased operational costs, and frequent well shutdowns. Surface separation equipment, such as desander, is typically ineffective at capturing particles smaller than 45µm, allowing fine sands to bypass separators and pose serious risks to asset integrity and downstream facilities. To address this, a novel integrated sand management strategy was piloted offshore Malaysia. The approach combined mechanical downhole sand screen with low-dosage injection of an in-house sand agglomeration chemical at the wellhead. This treatment promoted the formation of larger, bonded particles, enhancing separation efficiency at existing surface facilities. The pilot aimed to reactivate an idle well previously shut in due to excessive fine sand production and very frequent surface filter replacements more than 2 times in a week. Pre-deployment laboratory evaluations included XRD mineralogy analysis, chemical compatibility tests, agglomeration bottle tests, thermal stability assessments, and sand retention testing under simulated downhole conditions. Real-time monitoring was enabled through an automated sand detection system and online sand sampling, allowing for continuous tracking of particle size distribution, pressure behaviour, and flow performance. Results showed over 80% agglomeration of fine sands into particles larger than 100µm and eliminating the need for frequent interventions. Surface pressure remained stable far below constraint, and no erosion equipment were recorded. This successful rigless reactivation demonstrated the viability of integrating subsurface and surface sand control technologies. The strategy proved cost-effective with a rapid payback period and demonstrated strong potential for broader application in similar production performance settings. This successful pilot highlights the value of integrated, proactive sand control in sustaining production and extending asset life.

The efficient utilization of construction waste in road engineering is essential for advancing sustainable infrastructure development. This study explores the application of ceramic waste powder (CWP) in cementitious grout for semiflexible pavement (SFP) surfaces. Cement was partially replaced with CWP at proportions ranging from 15% to 50%, and its effects on SFP performance and environmental impact were evaluated using compressive strength testing, life cycle assessment (LCA), and statistical analysis. The obtained SFP mixtures were assessed for volumetric and mechanical properties through Marshall stability and wheel tracking tests. Experimental findings revealed that 20% cement replacement with CWP was the optimal level, leading to an 80% reduction in rutting depth and increases of 50% and 23% in compressive strength and Marshall stability, respectively, at 28 days of curing. These improvements are attributed to CWP’s superior fluidity in filling the voids within the porous asphalt skeleton and its effective bonding capacity with aggregates, which densifies the microstructure, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. LCA results indicated that higher CWP replacement levels reduced both global warming potential and fossil fuel depletion, thereby enhancing the grout’s sustainability. Statistical analyses, including quadratic regression, ANOVA (p<0.05), and the Tukey HSD test, confirmed significant improvements in strength properties with CWP incorporation, whereas box plots effectively illustrated data trends and variations. In summary, this study underscores the dual environmental and performance benefits of incorporating CWP in SFP systems and supports its adoption in sustainable road construction aligned with circular economy goals.

Abstract This paper presents a successful field application of the first pre-rig campaign in Malaysia's offshore wells to utilize digital slickline (DSL) with real-time firing capabilities. The operation utilized the Setting Tool and Tubing Cutter conveyed to target depth via an advanced light weight digital slickline. This approach reduced the number of runs required, resulting in a 40%-time savings compared to conventional slickline (SL) conveyance. 6 wells (9 strings), located in Field X Offshore Terengganu, Malaysia, comprise of oil producers, gas producers, and water injection wells, completed with tubing sizes of 3-1/2″ and 2-7/8″. These wells had been identified as candidates for Infill Sidetrack Drilling, for which they must be prepared by isolating and performing tubing cuts. To optimize the operation, an advanced DSL was selected for conveyance. This innovative approach reduced the number of runs required by merging several runs typically made with conventional slickline into a single run. Downhole temperature and pressure readings, conventionally taken during an additional High Pressure Temperature (HPT) run, were logged concurrently during the tubing clearance check (TCC) run. In addition, the DSL enabled real-time data acquisition for Casing Collar Locator (CCL) depth correlation in conjunction with the explosive tools (Setting Tool and Tubing Cutter) with real-time firing from surface. Time was also saved through the feature of sending a live signal to fire the explosive from surface instead of waiting for a preset amount of time if done via memory. With the mechanical properties of the DSL cable and tools, the same unit was also able to handle jarring operations: closing a sliding side door (SSD) and retrieving a plug. In contrast, to achieve the equivalent real-time capabilities by performing the campaign with electric line (E-line), it would have been necessary to rig down and rig up SL to perform these mechanical operations. The selected wells were successfully plugged and had their tubing cut in a timeframe of only 35 days, as compared to the estimated duration of 60 days if done via conventional SL. Upon live activation at surface, vibration, acceleration, and CCL sensors in the DSL bottom-hole assembly (BHA) gave positive indication that the explosives were successfully fired at target depth. Negative/positive pressure tests confirmed the successful setting of the bridge plugs, while circulation tests confirmed the successful execution of tubing cuts. The use of DSL for pre-rig operations represents a significant advancement in wireline technology, enabling real-time bidirectional communication with sensors and explosives on the BHA while retaining the mechanical capabilities of conventional SL. This marks the first pre-rig campaign in Malaysia to use a DSL system, a technology that will push the boundaries of wireline operations.

Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are a frequent concern for pet owners and veterinarians. Dietary management of mild GI disorders is often essential in order to correct imbalances in the gut flora. In this context, “biotics,” including probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics, have received increasing attention for their potential to favorably modulate the gut microbiota and support digestive function. In this study, we investigated the effect of a nutritional supplement containing a specific blend of prebiotics (baobab fruit pulp and acacia gum) and postbiotics (inactivated L. helveticus and selected yeast fractions) on digestive signs exhibited by healthy dogs and cats with mild GI imbalances, such as soft stools, increased quantity of stools or flatulence. The supplement was tested over a 28-day period. Digestive signs were evaluated on 57 dogs and 57 cats and the microbiota analysis was conducted on samples from 35 dogs and 27 cats. Questionnaires completed by the pet owners at regular intervals were used to evaluate digestive signs, while changes in the intestinal microbiota were assessed by fecal sample analysis performed before and after supplementation. The supplement was accepted either alone or mixed with food by 94% of dogs and 91% of cats. In both cats and dogs, the supplementation significantly improved digestive health as of day 7 (p < 0.001). Animals starting the study with impaired stool consistency or high quantity of stools showed significant improvement by day 7. The stool odor also improved from the first week. The proportion of dogs and cats with flatulence was reduced by 45 and 63%, respectively, by day 28 (p < 0.001), and the proportion of pets vomiting was reduced by 51 and 54%, respectively (p < 0.001). The impact on gut microbiota involved mainly changes on multiple subdominant taxa (such as Megamonas and Peptacetobacter in dogs, Anaerotignum and Succinivibrio in cats), without altering the overall microbial community architecture (as shown by diversity indices). Altogether, these results show that the supplement tested (Floragest™ soft chews, Virbac) can help support the digestive health of dogs and cats with mild gastrointestinal disorders.

This study aims to investigate the efficacy of area-wide management (AWM) approach on a large scale implemented in a tropical region against subterranean termite infestations. This AWM was carried out using a slow acting Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor (CSI), chlorfluazuron, as bait in the study area. A total of 11,511 in-ground stations were employed to intercept outdoor termite activities and 40 indoor above-ground stations were installed on infested structures in the study area. This study was carried out from April 2021 till March 2024. At the in-ground stations, total elimination of termite activity was recorded within 16 months from the start of the study, and no further interceptions were observed until the end of the study. The average days-to-elimination (DTE) of termite activity was recorded at 39.71 ± 2.47 days for in-ground stations. Above-ground stations had a high number of active stations from April to September 2021, followed by a sharp decrease after September 2021. No re-invasions were reported from March to December 2022. However, two active above-ground stations were recorded between January to March 2023, after which no termite activity was observed inside buildings during monitoring period till the end of the study. The above-ground stations recorded a slightly longer time to elimination than in-ground stations with 64.63 ± 8.30 days. This study shows the effectiveness of baiting in eliminating termite activities and the feasibility of implementing an area-wide baiting program to control termite infestation on a large scale.

The 10th IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference (RFM 2025), held from 17 to 18 September 2025 at the Bahang Bay Hotel, Penang, Malaysia, marked a milestone anniversary for the region’s RF and microwave community. Among the event’s many highlights were the Women in Microwaves (WiM) Forum, which carried the inspiring theme “Breaking Barriers, Building Futures: Women in Microwaves.”