Qafqaz University

Мақалада Қазақстан Республикасында өсірілетін ноқат (Cicer arietinum L.) пен бұршақтың (Pisum sativum L.) дәндерінің физика-химиялық көрсеткіштеріне кешенді баға берілді. Негізгі параметрлер (натурасы, 1000 дән массасы, тығыздығы, дән көлемі, ылғалдылығы және қышқылдығы) анықталып, салыстырмалы талдау жүргізілді. Ноқаттың жоғары натурасымен, 1000 дән массасымен және дән көлемімен ерекшеленетіні, ал бұршақтың тығыздығы жоғары әрі қышқылдығы төмен екені анықталды. Алынған нәтижелер жергілікті генотиптердің қасиеттері туралы деректерді толықтырып, аталған дақылдардың тамақ өнеркәсібінде қолдануға технологиялық жарамдылығын дәлелдейді.

Breast cancer remains a leading cause of death among women worldwide. Early detection using mammographic imaging improves patients’ outcomes; however, its reliability is heavily dependent on radiologist’s expertise, often leading to variability and misdiagnosis. This study explores the potential of Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) on enhancing breast cancer prediction by comparing three configurations Tree-Based Pipeline Optimization Tool (TPOT): Default, Light and Sparse. 244 mammography images were obtained from two database access through The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). Image pre-processing was using MATLAB R2022a, USA, employing Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) for image enhancement and Active Contour Method (ACM) for image segmentation of region of interest (ROI). subsequently enabling the extraction of radiomic features. These extracted features were then used to train and test three TPOT configurations; TPOT Defaults, TPOT Light and TPOT Sparse via Python version 3.9. The classification models later were evaluated for accuracy, sensitivity and specificity to ascertain the model’s efficiency in distinguishing between benign and malignant breast cancer. 37 radiomic features: six First-Order Statistical features, 21Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) Texture features and ten Shape-Based Features were extracted from sample images. The TPOT Default configuration achieved the highest accuracy of 0.735 (CI95%: 0.611-0.859), with a sensitivity of 0.760 (CI95%: 0.642- 0.878), and precision of 0.731 (CI95%:0.607-0.855) outperforming both TPOT Light, accuracy: 0.633 (CI95%:0.498 -0.768), sensitivity: 0.667 (CI95%: 0.537- 0.797), precision; 0.615 (CI95%:0.485-0.745) and TPOT Sparse with accuracy: 0.673 (CI95%: 0.543-0.803), sensitivity, 0.653 (CI95%: 0.521-0.785) and precision; 0.708 (CI95%:0.587 -0.829). These results demonstrate that the TPOT Default configuration delivers the most reliable classification, highlighting AutoML’s potential as a clinical decision support tool. By reducing manual feature engineering and improving diagnostic accuracy, AutoML could significantly streamline breast cancer detection and improve outcomes in radiological practice.

<p>The social and political processes, started in 1980s, resulted with the collapse of the USSR, and all union republics became independent. Azerbaijan was one of the first countries, which gained independence in those years. Azerbaijan declared independence on 18th of October 1991. Thus Azerbaijan became one of the countries, which balances economic and political relationships in the region. This characteristic comes from the geopolitical position of Azerbaijan. Located in the region of the Southern Caucasus, Azerbaijan has borders with the Caspian Sea to the east, Georgia and Russia to the north, Iran to the South, and Armenia to the southwest and west. A small part of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic also has borders with Turkey to the northwest. The transition period in Azerbaijan was observed some problems. However the country could maintain independence. To do so, several economic, social and political problems were resolved. The main problem, which Azerbaijan confronted, was structural. Therefore, it was important to create economy, which can manage itself independently. Throughout the years, some important steps have been taken in order to liberalize the economy. Azerbaijan has huge natural resources, which triggered the development of economy. Oil and gas resources are the most important wealth of Azerbaijan. In 2015, 90% of the export belongs to the energy carriers. This figure also shows the importance of the energy sector in Azerbaijan economy. For this reason, energy resources should be used relevantly. It was not possible to have investment and then divert it to the relevant sectors, without the interference of the government in the transition period. Therefore regulator also should play role, with the invisible hand in order to stabilize free market economy. The political stability was obtained during Heydar Aliyev’s government. The strong political power triggered economic development. Ilham Aliyev, the successor of nationwide leader Heydar Aliyev continues to realize the political program of his father.</p>

Abstract Ten 1,2,4,5-tetra-substituted imidazole derivatives have been synthesized with a 2-hydroxyethy substituent at the 1-nitrogen atom and potentially electron releasing hydroxy-, methoxy-, dimethylamino- or nitro substituents in various positions on the benzene ring located on the 2-carbon atom. The prototypical derivative with an unsubstituted phenyl ring at the 2-position is also reported. The compounds are obtained in excellent yields (average 86%) via a four-component cyclocondensation reaction of benzil, ethanolamine, and the appropriate aromatic carbaldehyde together with ammonium acetate. The reaction uses a novel ionic liquid catalyst, DEAHS (diethyl ammonium hydrogen sulfate), under solvent-free conditions and a green synthetic protocol. The key advantages of this process are high yield, shorter reaction times and ease of work-up. Furthermore, the products can be purified by a non-chromatographic method and the catalyst is re-usable. All of these newly synthesized compounds have been characterized from spectral data; the X-ray structures of three representative molecules are also detailed.

Changes in consumer purchasing behaviours have become important, especially to companies operating on a global scale, which must understand the unique cultural qualities of each country and influencing factors of work. Every human being has different physiological, and biological needs. Although social factors have more influence on consumer needs in some countries, there are others in which religious, cultural and economic factors influence consumer needs as well. Hence, if companies wish to succeed, they have to evaluate consumer behaviours effectively and efficiently. There are a number of factors– globalization, national, religious, and family relations, to name a few – working to influence modern youths in the Republic of Azerbaijan. For this paper, we conducted a survey among 81 students at Qafqaz University, a prominent Azerbaijani private university, in order to identify their purchasing power and the factors that influence their decision-making.

The conformational properties of biologically active human and mouse/rat hemokinin-1 peptide molecules have been investigated by computer modeling methods. It is showed that both molecule can exist in several stable conformational states. The energy and geometrical parameters for each of low-energy conformations of molecules are obtained. The conformationally rigid and labile segments of both molecules were revealed.

The employing of ICT applications into operational structure of public administrating is rapidly transforming societal interactions and the relationships among citizens, businesses, and state bodies. To strengthen the controllability and to expand of Internet-based services and processes it is necessary to establish more than just a developed interactive website that provides the right content and most demanded online services to citizen. There is strong demand among citizens for instant access to open public information, for high standards of improved services in a secure fashion. Behind every reliable and efficient application lie the critical elements as extensive infrastructure of digital networks, Internet and application servers, databases and support services. In paper the broad framework of measures that ensure protection of security of e-Government services. The focus of this paper is on results of exploration of two main issues vulnerability and security in e-government.

For last ten years ICT based contemporary teaching technologies has been developed into fast evolving segment of state-of-the-art applications. Newest teaching technologies enable to move from lecture-driven classes with chalk and chalkboards to comprehensive class environment that meets learning needs of every student and provide thorough conditions for teaching. Auditorium response technology offers exceptional opportunities for cost-effective automation of computer-based testing of students' responses with low infrastructure demands, provides a variety of reports including participant score reports, roster report and scores analysis report. The paper systemized good experience and best practices accumulated in employing of response technologies.