Ranchi University

Recently, Indian economy has experienced strong Foreign investment flows through Foreign Direct Investment(FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI). It's long term trend highlighted economy has received $748.78 billion through FDI since 2014-2025 whereas FPI has been boosted by equity market gains with total FPI asset under custody hitting $858 billion. A healthy and vibrant industrial sectors of capital markets is important for development of a nation. In the present scenario, sectors of Foreign investment in Indian economy for instance Automotive, Pharmaceuticals, Information Technology (IT), Textiles, Construction, power, equity segment and assets under custody (AUC) have attracted attention of investors to invest in these Industries particularly. This paper attempted to analyse some of sectors and their impact on Industrial Development in India by foreign investors. The present study is based on quantitative data and used secondary data of annual time series. Data has been collected from the report of Reserve Bank of India, Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT),world Bank report etc. To study the impact methods are practised such as comparative sectorial analysis, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Garch model has been used to estimate volatility spillovers of FPI to sectoral output. The results indicated strong and positive long-run relationship with capital intensive, technology-based sectors hence leading to stable output growth and value addition. On the contrary, the FPI inflows showed a strong but volatile connection between FPI inflows and construction and power industries, which is highly vulnerable to market sentiment. However, it was observed from study that the investment activities in industrial sectors of FDI and FPI have had significant impact on Indian economy.

Engineered copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are increasingly released into terrestrial environments through industrial discharge, agrochemicals, biosolid amendments, and waste streams, raising concerns regarding their potential impacts on soil biota. Earthworms constitute ecologically significant detritivores that are widely utilized as bioindicators in terrestrial ecotoxicology. This study assessed the chronic toxicity of CuO nanoparticles to Perionyx sansibaricus, a tropical epigeic earthworm of ecological and vermicomposting importance, under a standardized 28-day artificial soil exposure. Test concentrations included 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg CuO kg⁻¹ dry soil. The present work deals with the impact of different concentrations of copper NPs on the survivability of earthworm Perionyx sansibaricus. Survivability rates decreased significantly with increasing concentration of CuO NPs. The average survivability was 87.25%,62%,52%,38.34% and 19.25% for doses 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg kg-1 respectively. A significant, dose-dependent and duration dependent toxicity of cuo nanoparticles on Perionyx sansibaricus was observed. Given the widespread agricultural use of CuO-based products, the study emphasizes the need for stricter environmental monitoring, responsible usage, and safe disposal practices to mitigate unintended harm to non-target soil organisms such as earthworms. The assessment of ecological danger and the management of CuO NPs utilized in diverse fields will benefit greatly from this study.

Bauxite extraction and the waste it produces are recognized as major contributors to water pollution, especially in areas lacking effective environmental controls. The runoff from bauxite mining contains heavy metals and alkaline compounds. These compounds have been reported to impose deleterious impact not only on physico- chemical properties of nearby soil and water bodies, but also on the organisms inhabiting in them. Present study was aimed to assess the impact of bauxite exposure on the histological structure of the kidney in Channa punctatus. Fish were divided into 3 groups with 5 individuals in each. Group 1 served as control. Fish in group 2 and 3 were treated with low (1/10th of LC50; 0.4212 g/L) and high (1/3rd of LC50; 1.5 g/L) dosage of bauxite powder, respectively. 24 h LC50 (4.212 g/L) of the bauxite was taken from previously published report. Duration of the exposure was kept acute (15 days) and chronic (30 days) for group 2 and 3, respectively. At the end of the experiment, kidney tissues of fish from each group were collected and processed for histological preparation. The tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for evaluation of histological changes. Histological alterations in the kidney post- intoxication with bauxite were expressed in terms of presence of clusters of hematopoietic cells, disintegration in renal epithelium, cytoplasmic vacuolization, loss of nucleus, focal lipidosis and distortion of glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule. The extent of damage increased with increasing the dose and duration of exposure. The findings demonstrated that bauxite exposure induced significant renal histomorphological alterations in Channa punctatus, highlighting its potential ecological risk in freshwater environments. This study supports the use of Channa punctatus as a sentinel species for aquatic pollution monitoring and underscores the need for stricter regulation for bauxite mining activities.

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Herbicides are chemicals used to manipulate or control undesirable vegetation. For study Maleic hydrazide were chosen as herbicide because it is applied to onions in the field at a rate of 2.2kg/ha when the bulbs are mature. It is widely known as plant growth regulator, used to suppress growth and induce dormancy in some crops and mostly used to reduce sprouting in stored crops. In the present investigation, the seeds of Trigonella foenum graceum were treated with four different concentrations (10−1, 10−2, 10−3, 10−4) of maleic hydrazide to observe the cytological effect on them. The treatment was given at the seed level. Various abnormalities were noticed at cytological level in different concentrations. Fragmented nuclear material, Sticky metaphase, Sticky Anaphase, Vacuolated cells, Elongated cells, Binucleated, Disrupted Cells were the most frequent abnormalities. The decrease in germination rate was observed in 10−3. Maximum abnormalities were observed in 10−3 and 10−4.

The rapid growth of Android smartphone usage has significantly increased the importance of Android mobile forensics in cybersecurity. This paper presents a comprehensive review and a novel comparative performance analysis of methodologies, tools and challenges in Android applications forensics, synthesizing 25 peer reviewed studies published between 2015 and 2025. This review details current practices in data acquisition and provides an in depth, interpretative evaluation of the performance of widely used forensic tools (Magnet Axiom, Belkasoft X, Andriller, AFLogical, Autopsy, etc.) based on key recovery metrics. Our findings quantitatively demonstrate that no single tool provides complete coverage across all acquisition and analysis scenarios. The review also explores critical limitations, including device fragmentation, encrypted cloud storage, anti-forensic tactics and legal admissibility concerns. Furthermore, we discuss emerging trends such as emulator driven dynamic analysis, AI assisted examination and blockchain enhanced evidence integrity. The novelty of this research lies in its synthesis of a performance benchmark from fragmented literature and its critical analysis of tool efficacy, providing a clear, actionable guide for practitioners. This study serves as a comprehensive reference for practitioners and researchers, highlights established best practices and proposes future directions to improve investigative technology for Android forensics.

The interfacial tensions of alkanes in the presence of CH4 and CO2 were predicted using the model taken as a combination of Density Gradient theory and Peng-Robinson equation of state and compared with existing simulation data. The main aim of this work was to make a progress in modeling the IFTs between diverse n-alkanes and CH4 and CO2 natural gases. Several statistical measures and graphical descriptions were employed to aid the accuracy analysis of the proposed model. The statistical measures indicate a complex relationship among thermal conditions, model selection, and performance metrics, which can be observed by examining the tables presented in this work. Overall, the results indicate that the Peng-Robinson equation effectively predicted the interfacial tensions.

This review article delves into the pivotal roles of microorganisms, notably yeasts and lactic acid bacteria (LAB), in the baking process.It summarizes how these microbes influence dough fermentation, flavor development, textural characteristics, and nutritional aspects of bread.With a focus on the biochemical and physiological mechanisms at play, the review also highlights recent advancements in yeast strain selection and fermentation control.The article aims to provide insights into the complexities of microbial interactions and their implications for contemporary baking practices, as well as future research directions that may contribute to healthier and more sustainable baked goods.