Research Institute Orion

Abstract. This article examines the operational characteristics of industrial floors, which play a key role in ensuring the smooth operation of technological processes and the stability of the functioning of enterprises and logistics centers. In modern conditions, such structures are subject to high requirements for strength, wear resistance, thermal stability, as well as resistance to moisture and chemicals. However, a significant part of industrial floors in Ukraine is created without taking into account modern loads and dynamic influences, which leads to the occurrence of defects and damage during operation. The problem arises from the obsolescence of the regulatory framework, in particular SNiP 2.03.13-88 "Floors", as well as from the inclusion of adaptation of national standards to international ISO standards, which complicates the harmonization and implementation of modern technologies for the design and use of floors. The article analyzes modern approaches to inspecting the technical condition of industrial floors, taking into account modern methods of visual and instrumental research. The types of floor structures were determined, their real strength was investigated, defects and damage were detected, which are carried out due to violations of technological standards, imperfection of the design and quality of materials. The microscopic and diffractometric study showed significant unevenness of the mineral composition and low level of stability of concrete. The main factors of destruction are violations of technology in the manufacture of concrete, improper design, irresponsibility for the quality of materials and the demonstration of a modern control system during operation. The detected defects and damage reduce the service life of the floor and require urgent repair and modernization of the regulatory framework. Taking into account the above-mentioned features, the relevance of improving organizational and methodological approaches to the inspection and assessment of the technical condition of industrial floors in order to increase their durability, safety and efficiency of operation is emphasized. It is necessary to develop new standards, improve research methods and involve modern materials and technologies to improve the quality of design, construction and maintenance of such structures.

This study aims to examine the use of dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with propofol in hip fracture surgery and its effect on postoperative pain and hemodynamics. One hundred forty patients undergoing hip fracture surgery were divided into a treatment group (receiving DEX combined with propofol anesthesia) and a control group (receiving propofol anesthesia). The Ramsay Sedation Scale was used to evaluate the sedative effect 24 hours postoperatively, while the Visual Analog Scale was used to assess the analgesic effect 24 hours after surgery. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale was used to evaluate cognitive function before and 24 hours after surgery. Heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded at different stages of anesthesia, and the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions was also recorded. Compared with the control group, at 24 hours postoperatively, patients in the treatment group had higher Ramsay sedation scores and lower Visual Analog Scale scores ( P < 0.05). Before surgery, the MoCA scores of both groups showed no significant difference ( P > 0.05), but the treatment group had higher MoCA scores 24 hours after surgery compared with the control group ( P < 0.05). No difference was observed in HR and MAP levels before anesthesia between the two groups ( P > 0.05), while the treatment group performed lower MAP and HR levels than the control group at skin incision and at the end of surgery ( P < 0.05). In addition, the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions was lower in the treatment group than in the control group ( P < 0.05). DEX combined with propofol for composite anesthesia in hip fracture surgery effectively meets the requirements for surgical anesthesia, maintains hemodynamic stability, and exhibits good postoperative analgesic and sedative effects.

The study of methods for creating mid-wave IR photosensors based on colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) for the creation of low-cost photodetector arrays is one of the most pressing problems for modern photosensos. The synthesis of HgTe CQDs was carried out, photoresistors were manufactured, and photosensor characteristics were studied. It has been experimentally shown that photoresistors manufactured with synthesized HgTe CQDs have sensitivity in the short-wave and mid-wave IR range at room temperature.

AI-eXpress (AIX) is an AI-enabled flight acquisition and processing framework, that embarks on satellites and then brings into the market a new concept of satellite a service. AIX makes available in-orbit resources/services on-demand: services shall include EO data acquisition, processing (i.e., actionable information extraction), downlink, and distribution. Ready-made applications (e.g., fire detection and warning service) will be available on a dedicated app store, and services can be also combined to build custom applications. Valuable information can be then transferred back to Earth as notifications and alerts, or directly exploited on-board in autonomous decisions workflows. The data that is demonstrated to be not relevant to user applications can be processed and then deleted, thus freeing space in memory and using less bandwidth. Furthermore, emerging NewSpace companies may now test their innovative AI algorithms and their proof-of-concept directly in space and prove their value to the market. Traditional space institutions and research entities may test a new approach changing from “makers” to “enablers”. AIX is developed, by Planetek Italia, D-Orbit and AIKO within the ESA Incubed program and the services will be available from Q4\2024.

Scaphoid fracture fixation using a single headless compression screw (HCS) may permit unacceptable rotation at the fracture site. This study aimed to assess the biomechanical stability of a single HCS construct to fix scaphoid waist fractures. (1) Does a single HCS provide rotational stability? (2) What degree of rotation is found at the central axis of a scaphoid without fixation? In eight fresh frozen cadavers, two parallel K-wires were placed in the scaphoid to mark rotation and an osteotomy was created at the scaphoid waist. To determine whether rotation was present between the proximal and distal poles, radiographs of the wrist at terminal range of motion (ROM) were reviewed for relative change in wire position. The fracture was then reduced, and an HCS was then advanced across the fracture; rotation was again evaluated. Rotation was quantified in the group without fixation using a sensor that measured angular rotation. Before screw fixation, interfragmentary rotation was found to average 22.5° during flexion/extension, 19.0° during pronation/supination, and 34.0° during radial/ulnar deviation around the central axis. The radiographs after osteotomy demonstrated rotation in all specimens. After fixation with an HCS, radiographs demonstrated relative rotation of the two halves of the scaphoid in all ROMs for all specimens, except flexion for one specimen. Internal angular tension was observed within the scaphoid, and rotation of 20° to 30° was noted around the central axis during simulated ROM mimicking nonsurgical treatment. A single HCS failed to prevent fragment-relative rotation at the fracture site.

Results of theoretical analyses of possibility of generations of periodic picosecond pulses of voltage are presented. This process is possible under condition of external electromagnetic radiation only. As an active element of such generator may be heterojunction in which the relaxation instability of electron concentration is developed. The possible variant of heterostructure and its static and time depended electric characteristics are demonstrated. Parameters of heterostructure and operating regimes can be select so that pulses of voltage will be in terahertz range.

IntroductionThis study sought to determine (1) incident risk, (2) chief report, (3) risk factors, and (4) total cost of unplanned healthcare visits to an emergency and/or urgent care (ED/UC) facility within 30 days of an outpatient orthopaedic procedure.MethodsThis was a retrospective database review of 5,550 outpatient surgical encounters from a large metropolitan healthcare system between 2012 and 2016. Statistical analysis consisted of measuring the ED/UC incident risk, respective to the procedures and anatomical region. Patient-specific risk factors were evaluated through multigroup comparative statistics.ResultsOf the 5,550 study patients, 297 (5.4%) presented to an ED/UC within 30 days of their index procedure, with 23 (0.4%) needing to be readmitted. Native English speakers, patients older than 45 years, and nonsmokers had significant reduced relative risk of unplanned ED or UC visit within 30 days of index procedure (P < 0.01). In addition, hand tendon repair/graft had the greatest risk incidence for ED/UC visit (11.0%). Unplanned ED/UC reimbursements totaled $146,357.34, averaging $575.65 per visit.DiscussionThis study provides an evaluation of outpatient orthopaedic procedures and their relationship to ED/UC visits. Specifically, this study identifies patient-related and procedural-related attributes that associate with an increased risk for unplanned healthcare utilization.

Purpose: Ensuring the required operational reliability of disc brakes by forecasting their technical condition taking into account thermomechanical processes. Design/methodology/approach: Differential equations of rotation of a rigid body around a fixed axis are solved, it is established that the equations of motion and the equations of thermal conductivity are indirectly related. The use of these analytical dependences provides a better understanding of thermomechanical transients. Findings: The solution is obtained on the basis of the differential equation of thermal conductivity of the hyperbolic type, which does not allow an infinite velocity of propagation of temperature perturbations in contrast to the differential equation of thermal conductivity of the parabolic Fourier type. The obtained analytical dependences provide a better understanding of thermomechanical transients and develop a theoretical basis for determining stresses and heat fluxes in solving problems of reliability and durability of disc brakes. Research limitations/implications: The work uses generally accepted assumptions and limitations for thermomechanical calculations. Practical implications: It is shown, that transients in a mechanical system - a brake disk at impulse loadings cause emergence of thermal effects which arise under the influence of external loadings. Originality/value: The application of these analytical dependences provides a better understanding of thermomechanical transients and develops a theoretical basis for solving problems of reliability and durability of disc brakes.

Analysis of current GaAs and related device market initiated in a number of earlier works has been continued. Binary semiconductor GaAs compound is a conventional MW electronics material. Until recently GaAs based HF ICs for mobile phones were among the most rapidly growing segments of GaAs market. However the GaAs market development trend is changing. Photonics and TeraHertz engineering are becoming the new world GaAs market drivers. This means that the current emphasize of GaAs single crystal technologies will shift toward vertical directional crystallization of “optoelectronic quality” crystals. In the medium and longer terms the world GaAs wafer and epitaxial structure markets will continue growing. In the shorter term we all will have to take into account COVID epidemic consequences. Still the GaAs market is closely related to Smartphone market novelties. Quite probably after a long growth period the GaAs market will keep on shrinking for the second consecutive year: GaAs production may decline by 11–12 % in 2020. Assuming that the epidemic will be somehow taken under control in 2021 the overall Smartphone production can probably be expected to grow starting from 2021.Currently the Russian market of semiconductor compounds for photonics and electronic components (GaAs etc.) is but moderate and in predictable terms is not expected to achieve a level that is required for the emergence of a competitive domestic manufacturer, even though all importation replacement programs are accomplished. Meanwhile there is understanding that developing an advanced electronic components industry in Russia requires larger production of source materials.