Research Institute of Organic Syntheses (Czechia)

La nutrición mineral adecuada del ganado mejora su productividad, para esto existen diversas opciones comerciales. Este estudio evaluó el efecto de fuentes hidroxiladas y sulfatos de cobre (Cu) y zinc (Zn) en la producción, calidad de leche y biodisponibilidad mineral en cabras. Se utilizaron 30 cabras multíparas Alpina, Toggemburg y Saanen, distribuidas aleatoriamente en dos tratamientos: 1) Cu y Zn de sulfatos y 2) Cu y Zn hidroxilados. Se formuló una dieta integral siguiendo las recomendaciones del NRC (2007), suministrándose de 30 d preparto hasta 30 d posparto, dos veces día-1. Se tomaron muestras de sangre antes y después de proporcionar los tratamientos experimentales por punción de la vena yugular. Los minerales se determinaron por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica. El ordeño fue manual y las muestras de leche, recolectadas semanalmente en viales de 200 ml, se procesaron con un MilkoScan™ FT 120. Las células somáticas (SCC) se cuantificaron usando el kit Somaticell SCC®, y los datos se analizaron bajo un diseño completamente al azar en arreglo de parcelas divididas. Los resultados mostraron que la concentración de Cu fue menor (P<0.001) y deficiente en cabras que recibieron minerales hidroxilados. No hubo diferencias en producción, o composición porcentual de proteína, sólidos totales, sólidos no grasos o SCC de la leche. Sin embargo, la grasa en leche fue mayor (P≤0.02) en cabras que recibieron minerales hidroxilados únicamente en el primer y tercer periodo de muestreo. Ambas fuentes de minerales se pueden utilizar sin afectar la productividad y la concentración mineral en plasma sanguíneo de cabras, excepto para el caso del cobre.

depresso ps-parto, visto que a equipe de enfermagem desenvolve um papel importantssimo em educar e orientar a adolescente na gestao e no ps-parto, trazendo tona assuntos como a importncia de uma amamentao de qualidade e desenvolvimento de um planejamento social futuro.

It is well known that the hydrodechlorination (HDC) of chlorinated aromatic contaminants in aqueous effluents enables a significant increase in biodegradability. HDC consumes a low quantity of reactants producing corresponding non-chlorinated and much more biodegradable organic compounds. Two commonly used precious metals free Al alloys (Raney Al-Ni and Devarda’s Al-Cu-Zn) were compared in reductive action in an alkaline aqueous solution. Raney Al-Ni alloy was examined as a universal and extremely effective HDC agent in a diluted aqueous NaOH solution. The robustness of Raney Al-Ni activity is illustrated in the case of HDC of polychlorinated aromatic compounds mixture in actual waste water. In contrast, Devarda’s Al-Cu-Zn alloy was approved as much less active for HDC of the tested chlorinated aromatic compounds, but with a surprisingly high selectivity on cleavage of C-Cl bonds in the meta and sometimes the ortho position in chlorinated aniline and sometimes chlorinated phenol structures. The reaction of both tested alloys with chlorinated aromatic compounds in the aqueous NaOH solution is accompanied by dissolution of aluminum. Dissolved Al in the alkaline HDC reaction mixture is very useful for subsequent treatment of HDC products by coagulation and flocculation of Al(OH)3 caused by simple neutralization of the alkaline aqueous phase after the HDC reaction.

We report on the synthesis, activity testing, docking, and quantum mechanical scoring of novel imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidin-5(6H)-one scaffold for cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) inhibition. A series of 26 compounds substituted with aromatic moieties at position 8 has been tested in in vitro enzyme assays and shown to inhibit CDK2. 2D structure-activity relationships have ascertained that small substituents at position 8 (up to the size of naphtyl or methoxyphenyl) generally lead to single-digit micromolar IC50 values, whereas bigger substituents (substituted biphenyls) decreased the compounds' activities. The binding modes of the compounds obtained using Glide docking have exhibited up to 2 hinge-region hydrogen bonds to CDK2 and differed in the orientation of the inhibitor core and the placement of the 8-substituents. Semiempirical quantum mechanics-based scoring identified probable favourable binding modes, which will serve for future structure-based design and synthetic optimization of substituents of the heterocyclic core. In summary, we have identified a novel core for CDK2 inhibition and will explore it further to increase the potencies of the compounds and also monitor selectivities against other protein kinases.

A synthesis of tetrasubstituted pyrazoles containing two, three or four pyridinyl substituents is described. Hence, the reaction of 1,3-dipyridinyl-1,3-propanediones with 2-hydrazinopyridine or phenylhydrazine, respectively, affords the corresponding 1,3,5-trisubstituted pyrazoles. Iodination at the 4-position of the pyrazole nucleus by treatment with I2/HIO3 gives the appropriate 4-iodopyrazoles which served as starting materials for different cross-coupling reactions. Finally, Negishi cross-coupling employing organozinc halides and Pd catalysts turned out to be the method of choice to obtain the desired tetrasubstituted pyrazoles. The formation of different unexpected reaction products is described. Detailed NMR spectroscopic investigations (1H, 13C, 15N) were undertaken with all products prepared. Moreover, the structure of a condensation product was confirmed by crystal structure analysis.

Abstract4,6‐Diazido‐N‐nitro‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2‐amine (DANT) was prepared with a 35 % yield from cyanuric chloride in a three step process. DANT was characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 15N), single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and DTA. The crystal density of DANT is 1.849 g cm−3. The cyclization of one azido group and one nitrogen atom of the triazine group giving tetrazole was observed for DANT in a dimethyl sulfoxide solution using NMR spectroscopy. An equilibrium exists between the original DANT molecule and its cyclic form at a ratio of 7 : 3. The sensitivity of DANT to impact is between that for PETN and RDX, sensitivity to friction is between that for lead azide and PETN, and sensitivity to electric discharge is about the same as for PETN. DANT′s heat of combustion is 2060 kJ mol−1.

Organoantimony(III) and organobismuth(III) oxides (LMO)2 (where L is the NCN-chelating ligand C6H3-2,6-(CH2NMe2)2 and M = Sb (1), Bi (2)) reacted smoothly with arsenic oxides As2O5 and As2O3 to form the molecular oxides [(LM)3(AsO4)2] and [(LM)2(As2O5)] (where M = Sb (3, 5), Bi (4, 6)). All compounds were characterized by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and, in the case of 5 and 6, single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Compound 3 formed two conformational isomers in a benzene or chloroform solution, as confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. As in the case of 3, 5 also formed conformational isomers in a benzene solution, whereas the bismuth analogue 6 was unstable in solution. The stabilities of the three possible conformers of 5 were studied by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

NCN chelated monomeric chalcogenides, LSbE (E = S (1), Se (2), L = 2,6-bis[N-(2',6'-dimethylphenyl)ketimino]phenyl), were synthesized and characterized with the help of elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. The terminal Sb-E (E = S, Se) bonds in 1 and 2 were subjected to theoretical investigation and the results are compared with the hypothetical molecules, PhSb=E (E = S, Se, Te), and earlier reported analogues.