Reutlingen University

Abstract Mittels methodisch angewendeter Topologie-Optimierung werden Spannbacken leichter und die bei Rotation wirkende Fliehkraft geringer, sodass die Grenzdrehzahl des Futters steigt. Durch die gezielte Massenreduzierung nimmt die allgemeine Backensteifigkeit geringfügig ab. Sobald aber aufgrund zunehmender Drehzahl die Fliehkraftbelastung die Spannkraftbelastung übersteigt, ist die Backenverformung der topologisch optimierten Backen geringer. Dies führt zu dem positiven Effekt, dass Spanngenauigkeit und somit die Fertigungsgenauigkeit der Hochgeschwindigkeitsdrehbearbeitung steigen.

Despite the increasing demand for IT professionals, many potential students remain reluctant to enroll in computer science-oriented degree programmes. While there are a number of previous studies examining specific factors influencing students’ enrollment decisions, there is a lack of a comprehensive synthesis that consolidates these insights across different contexts and methodologies. This study conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) combined with a quantitative meta-analysis to identify and synthesize key factors deterring students from choosing IT-related fields. By analyzing existing research, the study categorizes these deterrents into influential, partly influential, and less influential factors. The most significant barriers include a preference for other majors, perceived unsuitable career prospects, and a lack of interest in IT-related subjects. Additional barriers include perceived difficulty, high workload, and the belief that IT work lacks social interaction. These insights provide valuable guidance for educational institutions, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to develop strategies that enhance interest in computer science programmes.

The Tyrolean Iceman (Ötzi), discovered in the Tyrolean Alps, in 1991 is a remarkably well-preserved natural mummy estimated to be around 5300 years old, dating back to the Copper Age. Numerous medical insights have been gained from the mummy, including the detection of Helicobacter pylori, Trichuris trichiura, gallstones, and calcifications in the blood vessels. The present study examined well-known ante-mortem traumas from a surgical perspective. These included an arrow injury to the shoulder, a stab wound to the right hand, traumatic brain injury (TBI), rib fractures, and frostbite on the toe. In the case of an arrow injury to the shoulder, external bleeding is a matter of debate. Physiological reconstruction has indicated that significant blood loss through the wound track to the outside of the body is unlikely, suggesting a potential survival time of several hours. The study raised doubts about the reported traumatic brain injury and frostbite of the fifth toe. The unusual hand position on the right side could be attributed to the fact that the stab wound, which was several days old, had been bandaged at the time of death. These clinical findings offer valuable new insights into Ötzi’s injuries.

Zusammenfassung Dieser Beitrag in der Zeitschrift „Gruppe.Interaktion.Organisation“ (GIO) schlägt vor, Führungssituationen als dichte soziale Arenen zu analysieren, in denen feldspezifische Konventionen sichtbar werden. Anstatt Führungsbeziehungen isoliert zu betrachten, wird die Situation betrachtet, in der sich Akteure koordinieren, um ein gemeinsames Ziel zu erreichen. Auf Basis der Soziologie der Konventionen wird argumentiert, dass Akteure in Führungssituationen auf unterschiedliche Konventionen („Welten“) zurückgreifen, um Handlungen zu legitimieren und Machtverhältnisse auszuhandeln. Der Beitrag führt die Situationsanalyse als Methode ein, um komplexe Führungsinteraktionen systematisch zu erfassen und Konventionen bzw. Handlungslogiken sichtbar zu machen. Zudem lassen sich so Dynamiken innerhalb von Führungsbeziehungen sowohl empirisch als auch heuristisch-praxisorientiert herausarbeiten und es wird möglich, den Einfluss von feldübergreifenden Umwelteinflüssen – etwa durch Digitalisierung oder Wertepluralisierung – auf Führungssituationen differenziert zu analysieren. Der Beitrag unterstreicht ein neues Verständnis von Führung als situative, geteilte Praxis, die sich in der Aushandlung von Konventionen und Interessen zwischen Akteuren zeigt.

The performance and scalability of modern data-intensive systems processing large datasets are limited by unnecessary data movement. Even though near-data processing (NDP) can provably reduce data transfers and increase performance, at present, NDP is utilized primarily in read-only settings. Near-data execution of data-intensive modification operations is currently infeasible due to the lack of transactional consistency and the absence of practicable low-latency synchronization mechanisms between the host database engine and the NDP-engine on smart storage. In this paper, we introduce Update NDP as an approach to offloading modifications to computational storage with transactional guarantees in an NDP database system called neoDBMS . To ensure consistency, we introduce a low-latency shared lock table between the host and computational storage, based on novel cache-coherent interconnects . We also introduce a novel locking protocol that seamlessly integrates the shared lock table within the lock manager of the host NDP-engine. To handle failure recovery, while preserving high and robust performance, we introduce novel extended locking and logging mechanisms that allow the host and computational storage to perform useful work during log-movement. Our evaluation indicates that in-storage modifications in neoDBMS in mixed workload settings are ≥ 6.52 × faster than host-only executions and exhibit robust performance due to lower data movement and better resource utilization.

We present a technique to compensate the effects of process variation induced R-C / <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathrm{g}_{\mathrm{m}}-\mathrm{C}$</tex> time-constant (TC) errors in continuous-time (CT) delta-sigma modulators with multibit quantizers. Tunable error compensation factors are shifted around in the modulator loop to positions where they can be implemented efficiently with actively tunable circuit structures, such as the digital-to-analog converters in the feedback paths. This work constitutes a generalization of our previously published TC error compensation technique, which only considered modulators with single-bit quantizers. In the multi-bit case, special attention must be paid to the adjustment of the effective quantizer gain as a function of TC errors on the system and the circuit levels. We derive an active TC tuning scheme for multi-bit CT delta-sigma modulators in cascaded integrator feedback structure. The tuning scheme is applied to a 3-bit modulator circuit implemented in a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$0.35-\mu \mathrm{m}$</tex> CMOS process. Corner simulations on the transistor level confirm constant nominal performance and stable operation across TC variation of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\pm \mathbf{3 0} \boldsymbol{\%}$</tex>.