SRM University

Abstract The study intends to investigate the tourism industry by adopting the constructed environment (CE) concept. It has been on the visual radar of developing tourism industries by increasing investment, infrastructure development, services, and facilities to bolster industrial development. It is evident that there is always room for improvement and changes in methods that were applied earlier due to industry dynamism and tourist psychological trends. One of the key aspects of CE is the participation of various stakeholders’ consciousness toward policymaking, perceptions toward the tourist psychology, and competence of the constructor and worker associations for the sustainable growth of the industries. The study has two objectives. First, the authors propose that the study explain the sustainability principle while defining CE and every aspect the tourists expect from the industries and visited destinations. To comprehend tourist psychology, the study proposes to use the Maslow hierarchy of needs and corresponding strategic policy formulations at each hierarchical level. Supplementing the objectives, each role and contribution in implementing the strategies and policies will be discussed in light of the sustainable development of the industries. Since the survey required strong support of literature to establish CE as the best alternative to sustainable tourism, a descriptive methodology is expected to be most feasible. One of the key findings from the discussion is the identification of various strategies for sustainable tourism. Another interesting thing is the application of CE concepts, which delivers the best strategies to overcome the dynamic and complexity of the industries.

Medical picture categorization has been greatly enhanced by the use of deep learning, especially in the timely identification of skin lesions. Still, predictions from a single model remain unreliable due to their susceptibility to variations in the dataset, complicating their application to diverse clinical scenarios. This study introduces a unique CNN, PHMBCNN, designed to enhance classification accuracy using a progressive learning strategy. We propose the R3MV three-tier decision fusion system, which integrates predictions from (i) individual CNN model predictions, (ii) a feature fusion classification architecture, and (iii) a meta-classifier trained on the outputs of the CNN models. The final forecast is reached using a majority voting procedure, which enhances the reliability of the decision. The study utilizes two datasets for skin cancer: PAD_UFES_20 and HAM10000. Incorporating a GRU into the PHMBCNN model results in the PHMBCNN-GRU. The classification accuracy enhanced from 75.70% for the PAD_UFES_20 dataset to 80.69%, and from 92.07% for the HAM10000 dataset to 96.01%. The R3MV system design achieves 81.78% for PAD_UFES_20 and 99.3% for HAM10000.

The global shift toward net-zero emissions and sustainable energy systems has elevated hydrogen as a clean and green energy source, with water splitting recognized as one of the most promising routes for large-scale hydrogen production. However, the slow kinetics of the hydrogen evolution (HER) and oxygen evolution (OER) reactions necessitate highly efficient catalysts. Typically, platinum group metal (PGM)-based catalysts (Pt, Ir and Ru) have been extensively studied, which performed as benchmark catalysts. Though their poor abundance and expensive limit commercial viability for day-to-day applications. In this review, we have comprehended the critical role of biomass-derived carbon nanostructures as metal-free and sustainable alternative electrocatalysts to PGM. In addition, the review emphasizes recent advancements in tuning physicochemical properties through various approaches to achieve a competitive electrocatalytic performance for both OER and HER. Critically, we highlight three strategic hydrogen production pathways: (i) electrocatalytic, (ii) photocatalytic, and (iii) photoelectrochemical, where rational catalyst design regulates surface adsorption energy guided by modulating the electronic properties. In this comprehensive analysis, we converge the need for rational catalyst design that balances an improved catalytic performance and economic viability to achieve a sustainable alternative to existing PGM-based counterparts. As well as the critical insight and the future perspective into the metal-free carbon-based catalysts derived from biomass materials and their mechanistic pathways during OER and HER across all three water-splitting approaches for efficient, cost-effective and scalable hydrogen production in real-time applications.

This article proposes a new conceptual tool for analysing how Southern actors engage in procedural and normative interventions within fragmented global climate governance. Termed Southern institutional agency (SIA), it captures the capacity of Global South coalitions to shape institutional outcomes despite structural constraints and entrenched normative hierarchies. Drawing on the case of the India–Brazil–South Africa (IBSA) Dialogue Forum, the study argues that Southern agency manifests not only through rhetorical positioning or bloc politics but also via coalitional diplomacy, procedural rule-shaping and norm subsidiarity. Through a structured analysis of IBSA’s engagements with the Green Climate Fund and the IBSA Fund for the Alleviation of Poverty and Hunger, the article illustrates how institutional design preferences and justice-orientated norms are gradually embedded into multilateral practices. The findings suggest that climate governance fragmentation, often portrayed as a liability, can open up spaces for procedural and normative interventions by Southern actors. The article offers both a conceptual framework and an empirical roadmap for rethinking agency in a post-hegemonic, contested multilateral landscape. In doing so, it contributes to climate diplomacy and South–South cooperation literatures by foregrounding institutional imagination and normative orientation as vital components of Global South influence.

Conversion-type anode materials show significant potential for advancing next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This study involved the synthesis and comprehensive investigation of Li4WO5 and molybdenum-substituted Li4W1–xMoxO5 (x = 0.1, 0.2) regarding their electrochemical properties. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction validated the establishment of orthorhombic crystal formations. Galvanostatic charge–discharge assessments at 0.1 and 0.3 C demonstrated that molybdenum substitution markedly improved both specific capacity and energy density. The Li4W1–xMoxO5 (x = 0.2) sample exhibited the maximum discharge capacity of 415.16 mAh g–1 and an energy density of 232.48 Wh kg–1 at a rate of 0.1 C. Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated enhanced Li+ transport, with diffusion coefficients aligning with GITT findings. Ex situ SEM study further validated that Mo inclusion improves structural integrity and cycle stability. XPS Studies also indicate the presence of all the elements involved in electrochemical reactions. Upon cycling, the Mo-doped Li4WO5 has superior electrochemical performance, indicating significant potential as a high-energy anode material for improved lithium-ion batteries.

The recent advent of charging infrastructure on an Electric Vehicles (EVs) poses a severe problem with effect on the power grid in terms of harmonic distortion, mostly caused by the nonlinear loads on the electric power produced by charging stations, diode bridge rectifiers, and switching converters.

Abstract The study aimed to examine the mediating role of network heterogeneity among social media users and its influence on the subjective and psychological well-being of generation Z (born between 2000–2005). The research involved 315 university students from diverse academic disciplines. Results indicate that active social media users significantly develop social capital and strengthen interpersonal relationships. Notably, network heterogeneity was found to mediate and exhibited a stronger positive influence on subjective well-being than on psychological well-being. Moreover, users commonly engaged in favourable social comparisons with their peers on networking platforms, serving as a significant source of inspiration and motivation that further enhanced both subjective and psychological well-being. These findings highlight the importance of diverse online networks in promoting well-being among the users. The findings suggest that fostering diverse connections on social media can have positive effects on psychological well-being.