Saint Martin University

The evolution of public health surveillance has accelerated in response to digital transformation, expanding from traditional reporting systems toward integrated, data-driven epidemiological frameworks. This review analyzes how digital surveillance systems, big data analytics, and predictive modeling approaches influence population-level decision-making within international contexts, with particular attention to Latin American settings including Mexico, Colombia, and Ecuador. A structured narrative review grounded in the scientific method was conducted, synthesizing peer-reviewed evidence on surveillance modernization, computational forecasting, geospatial analytics, precision public health, and governance frameworks. The results indicate a predominance of digital and hybrid surveillance architectures integrating electronic health records, internet-derived signals, genomic sequencing, and environmental datasets. Machine learning approaches were more frequently reported than traditional statistical models, particularly in outbreak forecasting and real-time anomaly detection. Evaluation metrics most commonly emphasized timeliness and predictive accuracy, reflecting a shift toward anticipatory governance. Decision-support applications were primarily associated with early warning systems and situational awareness dashboards. Governance themes, especially privacy protection and legal interoperability, were consistently identified as critical determinants of sustainability. Regional analysis suggests that while high-income countries demonstrate advanced digital integration, middle-income contexts increasingly adopt hybrid models to balance modernization with infrastructure constraints. Overall, data-driven epidemiology strengthens early detection capacity and operational responsiveness when embedded within interoperable, ethically governed, and institutionally supported systems. The findings underscore that technological innovation must be accompanied by governance alignment and workforce capacity development to ensure equitable and sustainable public health transformation.

Abstract Introduction Violence is a global public health issue. Identifying the factors associated with commuting violence-defined as violence experienced by students while traveling between their university and other locations-represents a critical first step toward its prevention and mitigation of its academic and health-related consequences. Objectives To identify factors associated with commuting violence among medical students in Mexico and Colombia. Design An international multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted between February and April 2025, including medical students from universities in Veracruz, Mexico and Cali, Colombia. Results A total of 505 students participated (mean age: 20.83±2.5 years; 60% female; 95.2% cisgender; 85.7% heterosexual). Of these, 82.8% reported feeling unsafe during their commute, mainly due to suspicious individuals (89.7%) and deserted streets (85.7%). Additionally, 83.4% knew someone who had experienced commuting violence, with 60.8% identifying them as fellow students. Hearing about such incidents was significantly associated with self-perceived anxiety (OR 8.6; CI95% 2.68-28.01), stress (OR 8.8; CI95% 2.71-28.53), and paranoia (OR 3.14; CI95% 1.4-7.03). A total of 45% had been victims themselves, mostly reporting psychological violence (90.74%) and sexual harassment (75.3%), including 9 attempted (3.9%) and 3 completed rapes (1.3%). Victimization was linked to avoiding morning or late classes, absenteeism, and considering academic withdrawal (p < 0.05). Residing in Mexico was associated with a higher perception of insecurity (OR 5.05; CI95% 3.1-8.2), while living in Colombia was significantly associated with attempted (OR 5.5; CI95% 1.4-21.6) or completed rape (p < 0.05). Conclusions Commuting violence is a prevalent issue among university students with marked mental health and academic consequences, highlighting the urgent need for targeted public health interventions in academic and urban environments. Key messages • Commuting violence harms students’ mental health, increasing anxiety, stress, and academic disruption. • Public health must address urban safety to protect students during their daily university commute.

ABSTRACTAortic valve disease is a highly prevalent and clinically significant condition in the general population. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) has emerged as a widely available imaging modality that provides high-resolution static and dynamic information, enabling comprehensive evaluation of valve anatomy and function. This technique complements echocardiography and other imaging tools, adding incremental value to clinical decision-making. Its principal applications include identifying the etiology of valvular disease, grading severity, and assessing adjacent structures, all of which are critical for therapeutic planning. This non-systematic review synthesizes the evidence on the role of CT in the assessment of the aortic valve, focusing on aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, infective endocarditis, and postoperative evaluation. The current body of evidence underscores the expanding role of CT in the integrated diagnosis and longitudinal management of aortic valve disease.

La enfermedad injerto contra huésped es un evento adverso de pacientes neoplásicos o trasplantados, ocurre cuando el sistema inmunológico del donante ataca los tejidos del receptor y causa complicaciones mucocutáneas severas. Se presenta un caso de un paciente masculino de 32 años, con antecedentes de Leucemia linfoblástica aguda, trasplantado de dos meses de evolución, quien acudió de urgencia estomatológica por presentar lesiones ulcerativas en cavidad oral, sintomáticas de 30 días de evolución. Luego de administrar una fórmula magistral que constaba de diversos fármacos en vehículo para aplicación tópica mostró resultados favorables y mejoría del estado de disconfort del paciente en siete días.

Coyaima is a town in the department of Tolima, Colombia, that was prioritized in a pilot program under Colombia's National Plan for the Control of the Taeniasis/Cysticercosis Complex, focusing on this neglected health issue. The project engaged local indigenous communities, promoting education and outreach within the One Health framework. The study included 444 randomly selected volunteers, who filled a Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) survey on the taeniasis/cysticercosis complex. The baseline study found no Taenia spp. eggs via microscopy on 383 stool samples examined, and no T. solium DNA was detected on human stool and soil samples by Copro-qPCR. However, seroprevalence was 8.5% for human cysticercosis and 14% for porcine cysticercosis, as detected by in-house ELISA testing for T. solium. Moreover, 57.9% of participants who provided a stool sample were positive for at least one parasite. Following the sampling and characterization activities, local health workers implemented mass treatment with Niclosamide, based on evidence of ongoing transmission, high porcine seroprevalence, poor basic sanitation, and the presence of free-roaming pigs reported in the KAP survey. These findings provide scientific evidence to apply national public health policies for controlling taeniasis/cysticercosis complex in Coyaima.

This review article analyzed the semiotics of luxury brands as a symbol of status, taking into account how advertising influences this context. The aim of this article is to identify how people who buy products from these brands perceive themselves, as well as how their social environment perceives them. To develop this article, a qualitative approach was used, collecting different ideas from several authors. These ideas go from the concept of luxury brands as a sign of socioeconomic distinction to their representation as an expression of the customers' needs and desires, placing these meanings within the semiotic field. In addition, the article considers how people interact with their environment through sensation and perception, when they connect luxury brands with their representation and meaning.

(analytical)The objective of the research was to understand the phenomena that emerged from the experiences of paternal absence during childhood in adults with mental illnesses. This qualitative research was conducted through semi-structured interviews conducted with men and women. The results are grouped into six categories that emerged from the analysis: the universe of absence, fear and uncertainty, representation and idealization of the father, sadness and loneliness, stigma and difference and the icon that is the substitute. Based on the results of the study, the absence of the father in childhood for people with mental illness contributes to feelings of depression, stigmatization, lonelinessand lack of protection and are associated with painful experiences that require improved comprehension and a therapeutic approach. Keywords: Father-child relations, paternity, paternal deprivation, qualitative research, mental disorders.

Objetivo: Detectar na literatura informações sobre ações em odontologia hospitalar para a prevenção da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica (PAVM) de forma a estimular a prática baseada em evidência (PBE) relativa ao controle do biofilme bucal para prevenção de PAVM. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, em que foram pesquisados, até novembro de 2024, artigos científicos disponíveis na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), utilizando os filtros “texto completo”, “últimos 10 anos”, nos idiomas português e inglês. Os descritores e a estratégia utilizados foram: biofilme oral AND infecção hospitalar AND pneumonia. Resultados: Foram encontrados 19 artigos na BVS. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, seis artigos foram avaliados na íntegra e incluídos no presente trabalho. Observou-se que todos os artigos incluídos apresentaram condutas em odontologia hospitalar para a prevenção de PAVM fomentando a PBE relativa ao controle do biofilme bucal para prevenção de PAVM. Considerações finais: A odontologia hospitalar permite a implementação de cuidados específicos de controle do biofilme oral aos indivíduos hospitalizados, o que contribui para a diminuição da proliferação microbiana bucal e consequente prevenção de PAVM.

Chagas disease (CD) is a zoonosis caused by the hemoflagellate Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted by insects of the subfamily Triatominae. Studies to identify the vectors involved in the transmission of T. cruzi have been conducted in the Caribbean regions of Colombia, Venezuela, and Panama. However, retrospective studies and comprehensive reviews covering these three countries are still lacking, limiting our understanding of this issue. This study used the PRISMA method to conduct a systematic review of studies on the triatomine fauna and its natural infection by T. cruzi in the Caribbean regions of Panama, Colombia, and Venezuela, using descriptors such as "Chagas disease," "Triatominae," and "Trypanosoma cruzi" applied individually for each state, department, or province of the three countries. A total of 3477 studies were identified through a search of the PubMed, Scielo, and ScienceDirect databases. After the selection process, 48 articles were included, with six additional articles obtained through indirect search methods. A total of 18,344 triatomines belonging to 14 species of seven genera were identified from these 48 articles. The most common species was Rhodnius pallescens (Barber) with 7540 individuals (41.10%). Among the total sample, 5158 triatomines (28.28%) tested positive for T. cruzi infection. Five discrete typing units (DTUs) were detected, TcI, TcII, TcIII, TcIV, and TcV, with TcI being more prevalent and widely distributed in the three countries. This study contributed significantly to the identification of knowledge gaps and priority areas for future epidemiologic research.