Sanjivani Super Speciality Hospitals

Iron nanoparticles (FeNPs), particularly iron oxide–based nanomaterials, have attracted significant scientific and industrial interest due to their unique physicochemical and magnetic properties, including superparamagnetism, high surface-to-volume ratio, tunable surface chemistry, and excellent biocompatibility. These characteristics enable their extensive application across diverse fields such as biomedicine, agriculture, environmental remediation, energy, electronics, and advanced materials. Conventional physical and chemical synthesis approaches provide controlled nanoparticle formation but are often associated with high energy consumption, toxic reagents, and environmental concerns. Consequently, green and biological synthesis strategies have emerged as sustainable alternatives, employing plants, bacteria, fungi, algae, and their metabolites as natural reducing and stabilizing agents. This review comprehensively summarizes the fundamental properties of iron nanoparticles, outlines major physical, chemical, and biological synthesis routes, and highlights recent advances in green synthesis using plant extracts and microbial systems. Special emphasis is placed on the role of phytochemicals and biomolecules in nanoparticle reduction, stabilization, and functionalization. Furthermore, the review critically discusses the multifarious applications of iron nanoparticles, including targeted drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, hyperthermia therapy, biosensing, nanofertilizers, pollutant removal, wastewater treatment, energy conversion, defense technologies, construction materials, textiles, and electronics. Current challenges related to nanoparticle stability, aggregation, toxicity, and large-scale production are also briefly addressed. Overall, this review provides an integrated perspective on the synthesis–property–application relationship of iron nanoparticles and underscores their growing importance in sustainable and interdisciplinary technological development. Graphical Abstract

In the past several years, silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) have made great progress because of their exceptional properties in a variety of applications. The green production method of nanoparticles has been gaining ground on conventional chemical and physical processes by eschewing the usage of costly devices and several harmful substances. Consequently, AgNPs have been produced in this study using Portulaca oleracea extract as reducing, capping, and stabilising agents. It is an easy, green, and environmentally friendly process. UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, and DLS were used to prove the stability and making of the synthesised Po-AgNPs. AgNPs production was demonstrated by the UV–vis spectra, which showed a transition from a colourless liquid to a brownish solution. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) was used to show how the extract accessible functional groups contributed to the reduction and capping of NPs. The X-ray diffraction validated the synthesised NPs crystalline structure. The cumulant hydrodynamic diameter of Po-AgNPs was measured by DLS to be 368.6 nm, with a PdI of 0.433. The zeta potential value was found to be –34.3 mV, indicating that the Po-AgNPs are more stable and have negative charge. When biosynthesised Po-AgNPs were evaluated for antioxidant activity using DPPH tests, Po-AgNPs showed greater antioxidant activity. The results indicates that the stability, purity, degree of crystallinity, and cubic form of NPs produced by Portulaca oleracea extract are excellent. In general, more investigation is needed to examine the potential health benefits of the Ag-NP-based P. oleracea aqueous extract.

Social media has transformed communication in the Indian banking industry, compelling both public and private sector banks to engage digitally for brand visibility and customer retention.This study compares the strategic approaches, engagement outcomes, and brand loyalty influence of social media marketing (SMM) among five major Indian banks: SBI, HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Axis Bank, and Kotak Mahindra Bank.Using six months of secondary social media interaction data (September 2022-February 2025), customer responses were analysed across three key SMM themes: brand awareness, customer engagement, and brand loyalty.Findings reveal that private sector banks especially HDFC Bank and Kotak Mahindra Bank outperform in brand awareness and loyalty enhancement due to creative digital campaigns, personalization, and responsiveness.Public sector banks such as SBI display strong engagement from existing loyal customers despite slower adoption.The study concludes that while private banks excel in proactive digital communication, public banks can strengthen loyalty outcomes by improving interactivity and addressing service concerns digitally.Overall, SMM emerges as a critical tool for relationship building, emotional attachment, and long-term competitive advantage in Indian banking.

A firm's competitiveness in the long term as a manufacturer is a function of producing quality goods without defects. But we require strict and reliable quality control processes because the products are getting more sophisticated and unique, and individuals want to produce things on the cheap. Hand inspection processes automatically make the industry move slower because they are inefficient and cannot be scaled up. This research examines how computer vision systems can be utilized in mechanical engineering to inspect product quality automatically. It further examines how various machine learning models such as linear regression, logistic regression, and deep learning architectures can be applied to improve the accuracy and reliability of inspection results. Constructing and training machine learning models, which are able to take a close look at gears on their own, is the major focus of the work. It demonstrates the importance of a proper choice of the model when you want to obtain accurate results. It also talks about the issues and advances in machine vision inspection systems and especially how a smart system can be useful to streamline quality inspection. Convolution neural network (CNN) has been demonstrated to be better than other methods in conducting automated inspections of gears including support vector machines (SVM). This proves that inspections can be sped up with deep learning and made more efficient at the same time.

Objectives: The color and physical appearance of pills influence people’s expectations of their effectiveness, alongside their actual medicinal purpose. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate how pill color influences medication adherence. Materials and Methods: This questionnaire-based survey was conducted among Indian patients visiting cardiologists with cardiovascular diseases. Patients were asked to fill out a form that included 9 questions designed to assess the impact of pill color on drug adherence. In addition, demographic characteristics of the patients were collected. Results: A total of 901 patients were included in the study. Approximately 91% of the 876 patients reported that they were taking medications that needed to be taken daily. When taking multiple pills, 29.4% of patients remember the medication by the pill color, 28.4% remember by the strip color, and 28.0% remember by the brand name. The proportion of patients aged >50 years who reported that similar-looking medications confused identifying their medication was significantly higher compared to those aged ≤50 years (63.2% vs. 50.5%; P < 0.001). When managing multiple medications, female patients primarily relied on pill color (33.1% vs. 26.6%) and strip color (30.7% vs. 26.4%) for identification compared to male patients. The proportion of patients with a high school education who believed that unique pill colors could help in easy identification, reduce forgetfulness, and enhance medication adherence was significantly higher compared to those with a college education and above ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study emphasizes that pill color significantly aids in medication identification and adherence, particularly among older adults, women, and individuals with lower educational levels.

The adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies like cyber-physical systems, the internet of things, and connected services has radically changed manufacturing in a brief time. Smart production has evolved swiftly. Nevertheless, securely maintaining dependability, adaptability, and protection from cyber risks remains an important struggle. This work aims to enhance decision-making that considers people, optimize operations, and strengthen flexibility by merging socio-technical systems and analyzing the progress from intelligent making to prudent production. By centering choices around human concerns and needs, competence and resilience can be increased for a changing world. The association of infrastructure, information, and services offers prospects to rethink creating things for betterment. The in-depth analysis explored how artificial intelligence has been utilized across various sectors, and investigated the impacts on key performance signs.

The design and development of a mobile-friendly automatic shopping system are presented in this paper. Its goal is to increase the experience of shopping malls using Internet of Things (IOT) technologies, especially RFID (radio frequency identity) technology and ESP32 microcontroller. The goal of this system is to reduce manual labor during the purchase process, eliminate delay in the checkout queue and increase customer convenience and freedom. Each product has an RFID tag in the suggested functioning, and the shopping trolley is prepared with ESP32 modules and RFID readers. When new items are added to the trolley, the RFID reader selects the tag. ESP32 then processes the information and sends it wirelessly to a local web interface that can be accessed through any mobile browser. Name, quantity, cost, and total bills are all shown in real time on this interface. Additionally, customers can remove the items, and the billing page will be updated immediately. HTML, CSS was used to create web interfaces, while ESP32 was used to program embedded C. The solution efficiently reduces checkout time, billing increases accuracy, and provides a smooth and contact-free purchasing experience according to major conclusions. Unlike barcode-based systems or solutions, which require special apps, this method is more flexible, inexpensive and platform-neutral. Better inventory management and satisfaction of customers are also made possible by this. This design is better in terms of purpose, implementation costs and scalability than traditional systems. All the thoughts considered, the suggested system indicates how to update shopping processes and offer more intelligent, automatic shopping experiences, and how to integrate inexpensive microcontroller and web-based interfaces in retail settings.

Agriculture is the backbone of the national economy, and mainly in the agriculture sector, many outdated traditional techniques are used, so we need innovation, research, and development in this sector. So, we have tried to replace traditional methods like the use of sickles, scythes, and traditional, manually operated weed controllers in the agriculture sector, these techniques are already outdated, so they consume time and money and affect the yield, so we need innovation in this sector to make this more profitable. Looking at this issue, we have upgraded the traditional manual-operated weed controller because this consumes time and money. To save time and money, we have addressed this issue and introduced our research work on the electric weed controller fertilizer machine, which is an upgraded version of the manual weed controller that will save money and time and help in the distribution of fertilizer in the agriculture field, which will increase yield in the agriculture sector. Our research works on a 36 V battery, 36 V motor, electronic speed controller, throttle, fertilizer box, battery indicator, blade, wheel, and switch and key. Here it saves time and money; it helps with soil moisturizing, weed control, and fertilizer distribution in small crop fields