Santosh University

To evaluate the impact of maxillary advancement by distraction osteogenesis (DO) on the pharyngeal airway including the following parameters in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP), with a secondary focus on long-term changes ≥1 year: palatal pharyngeal space, superior posterior pharyngeal space, middle pharyngeal space, inferior pharyngeal space, epiglottic pharyngeal space, velar angle, velar length, and need ratio. A comprehensive search was conducted in Medline through PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane databases, Embase, and Directory of Open Access Journals through October 2024. Studies were assessed for pharyngeal airway changes at three time points: pre-DO (T1), post-DO (T2), and ≥1-year post-DO (T3). Quality was assessed using the National Institute of Health tool for before-after (pre-post) studies with no control group. Meta-analysis was conducted using Cochrane Review Manager (RevMan) Version 5.3. A random effect model assessed the mean difference (MD) in parameters representing the pharyngeal airway at T1, T2, and T3. GRADE criterion assessed the certainty of evidence. The protocol is officially registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023444533). In this systematic review, we followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The meta-analysis included 10 studies with 135 patients. The included studies ranged from fair to good quality. Significant increases were observed in pharyngeal space post-DO, particularly in superior and middle pharyngeal regions. Slight relapse was noted after 1 year, but overall, airway improvement remained significant. Evidence certainty by GRADE assessment revealed high to moderate evidence except for need ratio (low). Maxillary advancement by DO significantly improves pharyngeal airway in CLP patients, with minimal relapse after 1 year.

Objectives: To evaluate the regenerative potential of dental stem cells in biological tooth repair and functional tissue restoration. Methods: Published experimental and clinical studies on dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells, scaffold technologies, growth factors, and regenerative protocols were reviewed. Results: Dental pulp stem cells, periodontal ligament stem cells, SHED, and apical papilla stem cell demonstrated multilineage differentiation and immunomodulatory capacity. Integration of scaffolds, growth factors, and 3D bioprinting enhanced tissue regeneration. Challenges included vascularization, innervation, and regulatory barriers. Conclusions: Dental stem cell–based regenerative therapies show strong potential for restoring native dental tissues. Continued translational research is required to establish predictable clinical protocols.

Objectives: To evaluate the role of magnification devices in enhancing diagnostic accuracy, treatment precision, and ergonomics across dental specialties. Methods: A narrative review of published literature was conducted focusing on clinical applications of dental loupes and operating microscopes in restorative dentistry, endodontics, periodontics, oral surgery, prosthodontics, and pediatric dentistry. Results: Magnification devices improved visual acuity, procedural accuracy, and operator ergonomics. Enhanced illumination and magnification enabled early lesion detection, precise instrumentation, and improved treatment outcomes across multiple dental disciplines. Conclusions: Magnification technologies represent an essential component of modern dental practice. Their routine clinical adoption can significantly elevate quality of care and long-term treatment success.

Objectives: To review recent technological advancements improving early detection and diagnostic accuracy of oral cancer. Methods: A narrative review was conducted focusing on imaging modalities, biomarker-based diagnostics, artificial intelligence applications, and digital pathology platforms used for oral cancer screening and diagnosis. Results: Optical imaging techniques such as OCT, narrow-band imaging, and autofluorescence enabled non-invasive visualization of potentially malignant lesions. Salivary and serum biomarkers supported molecular-level detection. AI-driven models enhanced image interpretation and risk stratification. Digital pathology facilitated rapid diagnosis and remote consultations. Conclusions: Integration of advanced diagnostic technologies enables earlier detection, improved accuracy, and better patient outcomes. Adoption of multimodal diagnostic approaches is essential for effective oral cancer control.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder in which existing topical and systemic therapies are often limited by adverse effects and poor patient compliance. This study aimed to develop a curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle CUR-SLN (curcumin solid lipid nanoparticles) loaded nanogel to enhance topical delivery and therapeutic efficacy. CUR-SLNs were prepared using a solvent diffusion method and characterized for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and morphology. The optimized nanoparticles (133.90±2.45nm; PDI 0.325±0.21; entrapment efficiency 89.50%±4.52%) were incorporated into a Carbopol-based gel to formulate the CUR-SLN nanogel. The nanogel was evaluated for appearance, viscosity, pH, and texture profile, along with in vitro drug release, ex vivo skin permeation, drug retention, and stability. Compared with a conventional curcumin gel, the CUR-SLN-loaded nanogel demonstrated sustained drug release over 48h and significantly enhanced skin permeation and retention. In vivo studies in a psoriasis-induced mouse model showed a marked reduction in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index scores and significant downregulation of key pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon-α [IFN-α], IL-23, interleukin-17 [IL-17], tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) (p<0.001). Histological evaluation further confirmed restoration of normal skin structure in treated animals. Overall, the CUR-SLN-loaded nanogel represents a promising and safer topical therapeutic strategy for psoriasis, supporting its potential for further clinical development.

Background The comparative efficacy of epidural bupivacaine with Magnesium sulphate and bupivacaine combined with Tramadol in providing postoperative analgesia remains controversial.This study aims to assess the efficacy of epidural postoperative analgesia using a combination of 0.125%of Bupivacaine with 50mg MgSO4, compared to 0.125%of Bupivacaine with 50mg tramadol in patients undergoing surgeries for the lower limbs. Method 60 patients classified as ASA grade I and II were randomly divided into two groups, Group I and Group II, each containing 30 patients. Group I received a total of 9 ml of 0.125% bupivacaine (8 ml) combined with 50mg tramadol (1 ml), while Group II was given 9 ml of 0.125% bupivacaine (8 ml) with 50mg MgSO4 (1 ml). The analgesic effectiveness was evaluated by the onset of analgesia, duration of analgesia, quality of analgesia, and the time taken to administer the first rescue analgesic. Results The onset of analgesia in Group I was recorded as 6.67±0.80 minutes, while Group II had an onset time of 7.67±0.80 minutes (p=0.001). The duration of analgesia for Group I was 5.16±0.72 hours, compared to 4.51±0.62 hours in Group II (p=0.001). The time until the first rescue analgesia was 5.260±0.716 hours for Group I, whereas Group II required 4.617±0.622 hours (p=0.001). Over a 24-hour period, Group I needed an average of 3.47±0.51 rescue doses, while Group II required 3.97±0.49 doses. The quality of analgesia was evaluated in both groups, showing no statistically significant differences. Adverse effects included nausea and vomiting in 4 patients and pruritus in 1 patient in Group I, while Group II experienced hypotension in 4 patients and bradycardia in 2 patients. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were comparable across both groups, with significant differences only at 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The mean heart rates at 5, 10, and 15 minutes were 94.67±4.15, 89.73±3.85, and 85.40±4.40 in Group I, and 97.00±4.09, 92.20±3.46, and 87.53±3.27 in Group II, indicating statistical significance. The mean post-operative VAS scores recorded upto 24hrs. The mean VAS score was 0.40±0.498 and 0.47±0.507 at 2hrs, 2.87±0.730 and 2.93±0.691 at 4 hrs, 1.60±0.621 and 1.87±0.730 at 6hrs, 2.60±0.621 and 2.87±0.507 at 8hrs, 1.87±0.629 and 2.07±0.691 at 12hrs, 2.60±0.621 and 2.67±0.479 at 24hrs respectively. Conclusion Tramadol proved to be more effective than magnesium when combined with bupivacaine, as it led to a faster onset of pain relief, prolonged the duration of analgesia, and decreased the requirement for extra rescue epidural top-up doses within a 24-hour timeframe.

The variations in radiation exposure levels and dose management protocols across hospitals pose challenges in optimizing CT radiationdoses. Therefore, is it of interest to compares the CT radiation dose parameters, including Dose Length Product (DLP) and ComputedTomography Dose Index (CTDI), across two prominent tertiary care hospitals in the Delhi NCR region. The research aims to evaluatedifferences in radiation exposure levels, highlighting the variations in dose management protocols. Data was collected from routine CTscans to determine the dose levels at each hospital. This study contributes to the understanding of radiation exposure management bycomparing CT radiation dose parameters across two major hospitals in Delhi NCR, offering insights into dose optimization practices.

AimThis study aims to compare and evaluate parental satisfaction with three different pediatric composite resins.Study designThis study employed both in vitro and in vivo components. In vitro, composite resin samples were restored with the respective materials and evaluated for shade matching using spectrophotometry. In vivo, parental satisfaction with the esthetic restoration of primary incisors was assessed using a feedback form.Subjects and methodsThe study involved obtaining informed consent from participants and assigning subjects to three groups. Group I consisted of 10 samples treated with Activa Kids bioactive, group II had 10 samples treated with Kedo E max, and group III included 10 samples treated with FGM Vittra unique flow. Thirty samples were collected for each of in vitro and in vivo studies. In the in vitro component, samples were restored with the respective composite materials, and shade matching was assessed using spectrophotometry. In the in vivo component, parental satisfaction was evaluated postrestoration using a feedback form.Results and statisticsThe results indicated a significant preference for Activa™ Kids Bioactive-Restorative in terms of appearance, color match, size, contour, and overall satisfaction compared to the other two composite resins. Spectrophotometric analysis showed minimal color change postrestoration with Kedo E max, followed by Activa™ Kids Bioactive-Restorative.ConclusionThe study concluded that both Activa™ Kids Bioactive-Restorative and Kedo E max exhibited good shade-matching capabilities and overall esthetic outcomes compared to FGM Vittra APS, which is unique in restoring primary incisors. Activa™ Kids Bioactive-Restorative garnered higher parental satisfaction, while Kedo E max demonstrated superior color-matching outcomes. These findings provide valuable guidance for dentists and patients in selecting the most suitable pediatric composite resin for achieving optimal esthetic outcomes and patient satisfaction in anterior teeth restorations.How to cite this articleRaj P, Choubey S, Doneria D, et al. Comparative Study of Esthetic Outcome of Pedo Shades of Composite Resin—A Randomized Controlled Trial: In Vivo and In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(S-1):S22-S28.

<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Introduction</bold> : Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a sudden inflammation of the pancreas that can range from mild to severe. While mild cases resolve with supportive care, severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is associated with high morbidity, complications such as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiorgan failure, and mortality. Early diagnosis and severity assessment are critical in guiding treatment to improve patient outcomes. Ranson’s score and the Modified Computed Tomography Severity Index (CTSI) are commonly used to assess severity and predict complications in AP.Aim &amp; ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of Ranson’s score and the Modified CTSI in predicting mortality and complications in acute pancreatitis. The objectives included evaluating the efficiency of these scoring systems and examining the demographic profile of patients. <bold>Methodology</bold> : This observational study was conducted over 18 months at Santosh Hospital, with a sample size of 70 patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Categorical variables were expressed as numbers and percentages, while quantitative data were presented as mean ± SD. Statistical comparisons were made using the student’s t-test and chi-square test, with a p-value of &lt; 0.05 considered statistically significant. <bold>Results</bold> : The study revealed a male predominance (68.6%), with the highest age group being 31–45 years (35.7%). The mean Ranson’s score was 4.2 ± 1.1, and the mean Modified CTSI score was 6.8 ± 1.5. Complications were common, with necrosis (25.7%) and pseudocysts (21.4%) being most prevalent. Mortality was significantly associated with necrosis and multi-organ failure. Severe cases had higher readmission rates, with 8.6% of severe cases requiring readmission. <bold>Conclusion</bold> : The study found that both Ranson’s score and Modified CTSI are effective tools for assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis. The Modified CTSI score may provide a more detailed assessment. Severe cases showed higher rates of complications and readmissions, emphasizing the importance of early identification and targeted interventions in improving outcomes for high-risk patients.

ABSTRACTBackground:Tooth loss in young adults impacts aesthetics, function, and psychological well-being. Dental implants provide a long-term solution; however, their success depends on a multidisciplinary approach, involving orthodontics, periodontics, prosthodontics, and surgical collaboration. This study evaluates the clinical success and patient satisfaction following multidisciplinary implant therapy in individuals aged 18–24 years.Methods:A prospective clinical study was conducted on 30 patients (40 implants). Preoperative assessments included bone volume, periodontal health, and orthodontic space optimization. Implants (Straumann, bone-level) were placed following Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided protocols and restored after a 3-month healing period. Primary outcome measures, included implant stability (ISQ), marginal bone loss (MBL), gingival index (GI), and patient satisfaction (VAS score). Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).Results:At 12 months, implant success was 100%, with ISQ increasing significantly (P < 0.001). Mean MBL was 0.74 mm ± 0.11 mm, within acceptable clinical limits. GI scores remained stable, indicating healthy peri-implant tissues. Patient satisfaction improved significantly (VAS score from 3.40 to 9.50, P < 0.001).Conclusion:Multidisciplinary implant rehabilitation in young adults is predictable and effective, ensuring optimal stability, periodontal health, and patient satisfaction. Comprehensive treatment planning and long-term follow-ups are recommended.