Science Museums

The present paper provides the detailed list of the specimens of Lycopodiaceae from the Guianas that we checked during the preparation of our paper published in 2020, as well as their distribution maps. A total of 603 specimens have been studied corresponding to 28 taxa in five genera (Lycopodiella, Lycopodium, Palhinhaea, Phlegmariurus, Pseudolycopodiella). An additional species, Phlegmariurus tenuicaulis, is added and the combination of Pseudolycopodiella meridionalis var. mesetarum, which was invalid in our previous paper, is here validated.

del pensamiento humano apoyado por un sólido conocimiento del método científico son fundamentales para que los psicólogos aplicados tomen cada vez más decisiones fundadas en la ciencia y no en las pseudociencias, creencias, gustos o intuiciones. Los que estamos interesados en estos temas, tenemos el desafío de hallar métodos eficaces para lograr una reversión de estos hechos" (Mustaca, 2014).

Kapitel II. Dekorative (Un)fertigkeit. Zum Prozess des Beschreibens auf einer Gruppe von spätarchaischfrühklassischen Statuenbasen aus Athen was published in Schreiben auf statuarischen Monumenten on page 103.

Following the treatment of the Colombian species belonging to the genus Phlegmariurus (Lycopodiaceae, subfamily Huperzioideae) by Øllgaard (2019), the present study deals with the remaining genera of the family, belonging to the subfamilies Lycopodioideae (Austrolycopodium, Diphasiastrum, Diphasium, and Lycopodium s.str.,) and Lycopodielloideae (Lycopodiella s.str., Palhinhaea, and Pseudolycopodiella).

The present paper provides keys to the genera and species of Lycopodiaceae for the 5 genera and 25 species recorded from Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana. The treatment includes nomenclature, descriptions of species, and information about distribution and habitats, and notes on problems of species delimitation and infraspecific variation. All species are illustrated, and representative specimens are cited.

The organization of ecological communities along local environmental gradients provides important information about how such communities may respond to environmental change. In the Arctic, the importance of gradients in shrub cover and soil moisture for non-marine arthropod communities has been clearly demonstrated. By replicating studies along shrub and moisture gradients at multiple elevations and using space-for-time substitution, it is possible to examine how arthropod communities may respond to future environmental change. We collected and identified 4640 adult specimens of spiders and beetles near Narsarsuaq, South Greenland between 8 July and 25 August, 2014 from 112 pitfall traps. The traps were arranged in eight plots covering local gradients in either soil moisture or tall shrub dominance at both low and high elevation. Multivariate generalized linear models revealed that community composition was significantly related to shrub height and soil moisture, and that this relationship varied between low and high elevation. Among the 46 species we found, more species were unique to the high elevation plots than to the low elevation plots, a finding that was most pronounced for spiders in plots along soil moisture gradients. Indicator species analysis corroborated earlier findings of the indicator value of specific species in Greenland and suggested that beetles may serve as better indicators of specific habitats than spiders. The location of plots along local environmental gradients allowed us to detect fine-scale variation in arthropod communities. Together, our results suggest that Arctic arthropod community responses to environmental change may differ among low and high elevation sites.

Invasive allergenic plant species may have severe health-related impacts. In this study we aim to predict the effects of climate change on the distribution of three allergenic ragweed species (Ambrosia spp.) in Europe and discuss the potential associated health impact. We built species distribution models based on presence-only data for three ragweed species, using MAXENT software. Future climatic habitat suitability was modeled under two IPCC climate change scenarios (RCP 6.0 and RCP 8.5). We quantify the extent of the increase in ‘high allergy risk’ (HAR) areas, i.e., parts of Europe with climatic conditions corresponding to the highest quartile (25%) of present day habitat suitability for each of the three species. We estimate that by year 2100, the distribution range of all three ragweed species increases towards Northern and Eastern Europe under all climate scenarios. HAR areas will expand in Europe by 27–100%, depending on species and climate scenario. Novel HAR areas will occur mostly in Denmark, France, Germany, Russia and the Baltic countries, and overlap with densely populated cities such as Paris and St. Petersburg. We conclude that areas in Europe affected by severe ragweed associated allergy problems are likely to increase substantially by year 2100, affecting millions of people. To avoid this, management strategies must be developed that restrict ragweed dispersal and establishment of new populations. Precautionary efforts should limit the spread of ragweed seeds and reduce existing populations. Only by applying cross-countries management plans can managers mitigate future health risks and economical consequences of a ragweed expansion in Europe.