Sciences Po Lyon

Abstract This article examines the resettlement of Algerians fleeing French colonial rule after 1830 in the Ottoman Empire (Palestine, Syria, and Anatolia) to analyse the formation of the legal and administrative category of muhacir . It argues that the Algerian case offers a privileged vantage point for understanding how this status emerged and was gradually consolidated over the nineteenth century. Because Algerians migrated over a long time span and were not the initial targets of Ottoman resettlement policies - initially designed for migrants from Crimea, the Caucasus, and the Balkans - their progressive inclusion into muhacir entitlements makes it possible to trace how this category expanded beyond its original contexts and became a standardized instrument of migration governance. The article shows that Algerians first received assistance through discretionary measures, before being progressively incorporated into a regime of standardized rights after the Crimean War (1853-6). Under Abdülhamid II, access to these rights increasingly became conditional upon Ottoman naturalisation and the renunciation of French colonial subjecthood, revealing how migration policy, legal status, and imperial sovereignty became tightly intertwined. By following Algerian migrants across the French and Ottoman imperial spaces, this paper highlights how late Ottoman migration policy functioned not only as a tool of population management, but also as a key site for the juridical redefinition of imperial belonging in an age of colonial expansion.

In this article, Salma Hargal analyzes the journey of impoverished Algerians who became settlers on state-granted lands within the framework of Ottoman immigration policies and who acquired Ottoman citizenship under the 1869 Nationality Law. Drawing on a diverse range of sources—including confiscated letters, Ottoman archival documents, and French colonial and diplomatic correspondences and reports—Hargal reconstructs the trajectories of two families who emigrated to Damascus and Tiberias in Ottoman Palestine. Their experiences shed light on the interplay between personal networks, the support provided by trans-imperial family, Ottoman migration policies, and the challenges posed by ambiguous legal statuses.

L’éducation artistique cherche à faire accéder les élèves à une pratique artistique qui nourrisse leur développement propre. Si elle vise l’intime et le singulier, elle rencontre les exigences d’une culture riche, d’une conceptualité forte, d’une technicité exigeante. Comment concilier passé et présent, individu et culture, formes de vie et formes de langage ? L’œuvre d’H. Meschonnic propose une démarche et un appareil notionnel qui permettent d’élaborer ces tensions. En caractérisant le rythme comme instance d’élaboration en acte des tensions, il montre comment l’activité poétique est travail du sens et du sujet, où la poétique est inséparable de l’éthique et du politique. L’article présente son apport en l’élargissant à l’ensemble des arts et en montrant comment il peut éclairer les pratiques enseignantes, aussi bien pour la réception des œuvres que pour l’accompagnement des productions d’élèves.

Matching households and individuals across different databases poses challenges due to the lack of unique identifiers, typographical errors, and changes in attributes over time. Record linkage tools play a crucial role in overcoming these difficulties. This paper presents a multi-step record linkage procedure that incorporates household information to enhance the entity-matching process across multiple databases. Our approach utilizes the Hausdorff distance to estimate the probability of a match between households in multiple files. Subsequently, probabilities of matching individuals within these households are computed using a logistic regression model based on attribute-level distances. These estimated probabilities are then employed in a linear programming optimization framework to infer one-to-one matches between individuals. To assess the efficacy of our method, we apply it to link data from the Italian Survey of Household Income and Wealth across different years. Through internal and external validation procedures, the proposed method is shown to provide a significant enhancement in the quality of the individual matching process, thanks to the incorporation of household information. A comparison with a standard record linkage approach based on direct matching of individuals, which neglects household information, underscores the advantages of accounting for such information.

ABSTRACT For decades, public transport services in most French towns and cities have been provided on a delegated management basis, by subcontracting to private parties, using calls for tender as a selection mechanism. Recently, however, a number of cities, some of them large, have opted for direct management, moving away from the private, competitive model in favour of public management. Our study answers two questions: What is the scale of this shift? And how can it be interpreted: what are the triggers and motivations behind it? The literature on these questions is sparse, partial and dated. Our database shows that remunicipalisation is no longer an anecdotal phenomenon in France. Our interviews reveal that the motivations are always composite and that political factors are predominant.