Siberian State University of Water Transport

The results of calculations of relative atomization characteristics for diesel distillate and low-viscosity marine fuel are presented. The analysis shows that, compared to diesel fuel, the atomization of low-viscosity marine fuel is characterized by greater non-uniformity and increased droplet size. This slows the combustion process and shifts heat generation to the expansion line. As a result, converting a diesel engine to low-viscosity marine fuel leads to increased specific consumption, exhaust gas temperature, and harmful emissions. To improve the operational properties of low-quality fuels, a method of preliminary treatment using a high-voltage electric charge was developed and implemented. Results of trial tests of a diesel engine running on modified fuel are presented. Based on the calculations and investigation of spray parameters, factors contributing to reduced efficiency of marine diesel engines when using heavy fuels were identified. A method for increasing energy efficiency and reducing the negative environmental impact of marine diesel engines operating on low-cost, low-quality fuel was proposed. This approach is both economically justified and environmentally efficient for improving the performance of marine diesel engines running on poor-quality heavy fuels and can be recommended for widespread use in the shipping industry.

This paper investigates modern urban logistics problems related to the need to adapt the routes of different vehicles to the changing conditions of the urban environment. The main attention is paid to the many-to-many salesman problem (MTSP), which is formalized in a multi-agent setting (MATSP) with mandatory visits to dedicated loading/unloading points, since the problem posed in such a context allows us to consider scenarios close to those typical of urban distribution systems. The paper analyses different solution methods: evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence algorithms (bee swarm and ant colony) and simulated annealing algorithm. As part of the research conducted, a mathematical model of the MATSP problem is formulated to define the main constraints as well as the target function subjected to optimization. Further, comparative computational experiments are conducted for the multiple travelling salesman problem with drop-off points in order to determine the performance evaluation on test datasets with selected service areas. These experiments allow us to clearly identify the features of each algorithm, which provides a basis for determining the target algorithm depending on the input data. Special attention is paid to the classification of MATSP tasks, which contains the following classes: basic, balanced, dynamic and with dedicated loading/unloading points. Both static and dynamic aspects of the task are investigated, including online point addition and real-time route recalculation. The results of the study demonstrate the promise of using a multi-agent approach to solve urban routing problems, especially in the context of changing parameters and the need to respond quickly to changes.

The use of hydrogen as a fuel has demonstrated a significant environmental advantage in the absence of harmful substances in the exhaust gases of marine diesel engines. However, current research is mainly focused on using hydrogen either in its pure form or as an additive to incoming air. The possibility of using gaseous hydrogen-containing additives directly to diesel fuel has been studied. An experimental installation designed to produce hydrogen from diesel fuel using a cavitation process has been developed, constructed and successfully tested. An experimental setup for producing hydrogen additives in diesel distillate fuel is described. To carry out the process of fuel gasification, a cavitation process using a rotary pulsation apparatus was used. The principle of operation of two centrifugal stages is applied to overcome the cavitation barrier. A chromatographic analysis of the resulting gas mixture was performed, and the physico-chemical properties of the fuel were analyzed. The ideal time period for fuel processing has been identified, ensuring the preservation of its qualities and achieving the largest volume of hydrating additives. A pattern of evaporation of fuel with a gas additive over a certain period of time was also established. The results of a study of harmful emissions from marine diesel when operating according to the screw characteristic on fuel with a gas additive containing hydrogen are presented, and a conclusion is made about the suitability of this type of fuel for marine needs. This study will significantly advance the issue of energy efficiency, cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness of the composition of the resulting additive.

в статье рассматривается распространение доломита в России и исследования по его применению в качестве магнезиального вяжущего. Автором отмечено, что система технологических решений может быть использована при проектировании производств и освоении новых месторождений магнезиальных горных пород.

The cognitive radicalization of supporters of right-wing radical ideology is one of the stages on the way to real radicalism, up to involvement in terrorist activities. One of the elements of cognitive radicalization is media consumption, in particular, the study of content in communities of appropriate orientation on social networks. The purpose of this study is to study the thematic features of the content of supporters of right-wing radical ideology in the communities of the VKontakte social network. The study includes an analysis of the content of the most popular posts in these communities. The hypothesis of the study is that the topics of such posts make a significant contribution to the cognitive radicalization of users of social networks. The relevance of posts was determined in accordance with online message metrics (number of likes, reposts, comments). Then, through discourse analysis, the topics of the messages were determined. This allowed us to determine which topics in right-wing communities are most in demand and cause the greatest response from users. The results obtained indicate that the most popular messages are those in which certain enemies of the right are represented, primarily "external enemies" (a broad category that included migrants, supporters of leftist ideas, officials of various levels, patriotic bloggers, etc.). The second most popular thematic block can be conditionally described as "their ownThis includes messages describing the image and behavior of a supporter of right-wing ideology, as well as those expressing approval of the actions of certain persons who do not belong to this subculture. Among other thematic blocks, such as ideology, humor, approved actions of politicians, events, actions, etc., are also distinguished.

The issue of creating a criteria base for the Hartmann–Sprenger pipe workflow based on a closed mathematical model is considered. On the basis of a closed mathematical model, the main parameters affecting the increase in the total temperature of the gas at the end of the dead-end cavity above the deceleration temperature of the incoming flow are recorded. Parameters with the same dimension are combined into one group so that only one dimensionless complex is obtained for all these quantities. Finding dimensionless complexes based on the modeling theory allowed us to determine the criteria base of the Hartmann–Sprenger pipe workflow.

Amid the COVID-19 pandemic in the Russian Federation, social care providers received incentives such as bonuses and welfare payments. The study examines the association between COVID-19 pandemic indicators and distribution of incentives to care providers in Russia. To test the hypotheses, regression analysis is employed. Hypothesis H1, regarding the correlation between the COVID-19 case rate in aspecific region of the Russian Federation and the actual monetary amount of bonus payments compensating for challenging working conditions of care workers in that region is supported. Hypotheses H2-H3, regarding the relationship between the COVID-19 cases/recovery rate and the monetary amount of special welfare payments to care workers distributed across the country during agiven calendar month are also supported. Hypothesis H4, pertaining to the relationship between the Fiscal Year End and the monetary amount of special welfare payments distributed throughout the country to care providers during agiven calendar month, is likewise supported. There is acorrelation between payments to social care providers and coronavirus pandemic indicators (Tab. 5, Ref. 31). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: welfare payment, bonus, care providers.

The authors investigate into inconsistency between the purpose of the library as a social institution and stereotypical perception of libraries by involved and uninvolved audiences. The libraries modernizing and transforming themselves into digital ecosystems along with accomplishing their traditional mission of information archive, are becoming the centers of cultural life, interactive spaces offering users wide variety of information services and resources, and multimedia areas for co-working, communication, and learning. At the same time, the fixed stereotypical perception of the library as a book depository becomes a barrier to the expansion of the user audience. The purpose of the study is to diagnose the demands of actual and potential users of libraries and to assess the change in purpose and role of libraries as a social institution under conditions of expanding access to information services. The methodology of the study was determined by the works documenting the relevance of the search for fundamentally new approaches in the interaction of the libraries with their target audiences in the context of media communications to increase the attractiveness of libraries. Sociological methods were used to identify stereotypical ideas about libraries: the survey of two groups of respondents, i. e. engaged and unengaged users (adults and students). Methods of statistical analysis of empirical information were used for data analysis. The main findings are: the study captures the needs in positioning library services within the wider communicative space. The access is needed to special market segments with building multi-subject user chains and new ways of informing young actual and potential users about the array of services. The relatively inefficient building of awareness of new services may indicate the prevalence of traditional positioning in the nearest target market and, so far, rather low penetration into other segments. The novelty of the study is expanding knowledge of the library potential target audience, which would make the foundation for developing communication tools and attracting primarily the young audience. The flexibility of communication methods, formats, and channels is essential for interaction with the young users.

Reducing the vessel hull vibration caused by the power equipment is usually obtained by the effective vibration-isolating fastening. Vibration impact on the mechanisms and automation tools greatly reduces their reliability, affects the health of passengers and crew members. Despite the modern vibration-insulating materials and compensators, the problems of eliminating the variable forces transmitted from the vibration source have not been fully solved. Increasing the operational requirements for the vibration safety of water transport requires the scientifically based and technical solutions, improving the designs of vibration isolation supports for mounting the marine power plants. Vibration reduction problems must be solved both at the design stage and at the stage of construction, repair and modernization. The conducted studies of vibrations under the influence of the harmonic force, step load and gradually increasing load have shown high efficiency of the support in all cases of load application under different simulation modes. At stabilization of the position the support was controlled by the integral of the displacement. The results of the studies conducted on the test model for the vibration protection of marine power equipment showed the effectiveness of the stabilizer. There is presented a theoretical study of a stabilizer with feedback on the displacement integral in the MathCAD software package. The numerical experiment is based on the Newton equation. The parameters of the stabilizer are determined, on the basis of which it is possible to design the actuator. It can be an electric motor, the direction of rotation of which depends on the direction of displacement of the protected object. The motor rotates a screw pair that compresses the spring. The spring acts on the clutch, the torque changes and maintains the vibration source. The simulation results helped to infer that it is necessary to stabilize the position of the unit for all load application modes.