Skolkovo Foundation

Jitter degrades a spacecraft's fine-pointing ability required for optical communication, earth observation, and space domain awareness. The development of jitter estimation and compensation algorithms requires high-fidelity sensor observations representative of on-board jitter. In this work, we present the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Event-based Star Tracking Under Jitter</i> (e-STURT) dataset-the first event camera-based dataset of star observations under controlled jitter conditions. The special hardware employed for the dataset emulates an event camera undergoing on-board jitter. While the event camera provides asynchronous, high temporal resolution star observations, systematic and repeatable jitter is introduced using a micrometeraccurate piezoelectric actuator. Various jitter sources are simulated using distinct frequency bands and using both axes of motion. Ground-truth jitter is captured in the hardware of the piezoelectric actuator. The resulting dataset consists of 200 sequences and is made publicly available1. This work highlights the dataset generation process, technical challenges, and the resulting limitations. To serve as a baseline, we propose a high-frequency jitter estimation algorithm that operates directly on the event stream. The e-STURT dataset will enable the development of jitter-aware algorithms for mission-critical event-based space-sensing applications.

The possibility of hydroprocessing the plastic waste pyrolysis product to produce valuable hydrocarbons was investigated. Catalytic tests were conducted in a flow mode at T = 310°C, PH2 = 80 bar, and LHSV = 1 h–1 over a fixed bed of a macro–mesoporous CoMoNi/Al2O3 catalyst using a pyrolysis oil fraction (polyethylene–polypropylene mixture) with Tboil < 360°C as the feedstock. The hydroprocessing led to the formation of a product exhibiting the properties of kerosene, except for boiling point and cloud point. It was found that acidic additives (zeolite or zeolite-like materials) should be introduced into the catalyst for the implementation of isomerization and cracking processes.

The possibility of hydroprocessing of plastic waste pyrolysis product to obtain valuable hydrocarbons has been investigated. The catalytic experiment was carried out in the flow regime at T = 310 °C, PH2 = 80 bar, LHSV = 0.5 h-1 on a fixed bed of CoMoNi/Al2O3 catalyst, a fraction of pyrolysis oil (a mixture of polyethylene and polypropylene) with Tboiling &lt; 360 °C was used as feedstock. As a result of processing, a product with the properties of kerosene, except for boiling point and turbidity, was obtained. The necessity of including acid additives (zeolite or zeolite-like materials) in the catalyst for isomerization and cracking processes was determined.

Matrices of STT-MRAM cells assembled into a 3 × 3 crossbar architecture were studied. We experimentally found how interconnect resistance affects the fidelity of the combined multiply-accumulate operations. The results obtained were compared with the simulation results in the CAD Cadence. The results of the work allow us to evaluate how the fidelity of combined MAC operations contributes to training analog neural networks.

Lutein is a widespread carotenoid in the world, which is characterized by remarkable antioxidant activity. The impact of lutein for the treatment of chronic inflammation disorders makes it an important supplement for the support of active human longevity. Lutein can inhibit the proinflammatory NF-kappaB pathway, Nox-enzyme and VEGF-related pathologies. Despite the lack of a provitamin activity, it is often denoted as “the eye vitamin”. The main aim of this mini-review is an analysis of possible mechanisms of lutein effects focusing on their superior antioxidative/“vitamin” role in human health and aquaculture/mariculture. Recent publications clearly demonstrate the ability of lutein to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis in both neuronal and muscle cells. It stimulates the tissue respiration and, most likely, it explains the accelerated nervous system development in neonatal children treated with lutein and lutein benefits for aqua/mariculture. Comparisons of characteristics of natural lutein and natural/synthetic astaxanthin included in this review allow the evaluation of their beneficial potentials. One of the most important advantages of natural vs. artificial substances is associated with natural carotenoid esterification and secondary structures. A comparative study of natural lutein and astaxanthin generation techniques illustrates the need for the development of new methods for fast and massive natural carotenoid production. Thus, the optimization of natural lutein production in cultivated microalgae may be considered as an important option in the further development of the carotenoid industry. All the important updates mentioned above for natural lutein will be summarized in this review.

Our company has developed a new technology of phase modulation of light wave by means of tunable diffraction phase gratings. On this basis, a new class of electro‐optical Light Modulators Relief (LMR) with the following characteristics has been developed. Pixel switching frequency: up to 0.5 MH, efficiency: 98.6% (key competitors: Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) has 40%, Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) has 25%). High resistance to the laser radiation ‐ up to 100 W. Light polarization is not required. Diffraction optics with light flux up to 32 klm. Response time is 2‐7 microsecond. The theoretical resolution limit is 2000 lin/mm. The research program is over. The serial manufacture cost of LMR can be compared with the one of LCoS. The most promising applications of LMR are 1) pico‐projectors built into phone or laptop, 2) solid state scanning device without moving parts for LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and other applications, 3) optical transponder for autonomous robots and vehicles, 4) holographic projectors, 5) terabyte memory, 6) next generation laser light source for car headlights, for office and household lights with controllable spectrum of light at any time. The technology is ready for industrial production. Modern industrial needs require not only minimising the price and physical volume of electro‐optical products, but also increasing the efficiency and processing speed, improving the information visualization technique with better functional and operational characteristics. These properties are fully possessed by the ultra‐fast electro‐optical LMR, which has no analogues in the world, developed by NanoRelief Display Ltd.

We propose a vortex Chern insulator, motivated by recent experimental demonstrations on programmable arrangements of cavity polariton vortices by [S. Alyatkin et al., arXiv, ArXiv:2207.01850 (2022)10.48550/arXiv.2207.01850 ] and [J. Wang et al, Natl. Sci. Rev. 10, Nwac096 (2022)10.1093/nsr/nwac096]. In the absence of any external fields, time-reversal symmetry is spontaneously broken through polariton condensation into structured arrangements of localized co-rotating vortices. We characterize the response of the rotating condensate lattice by calculating the spectrum of Bogoliubov elementary excitations and observe the crossing of edge-states, of opposite vorticity, connecting bands with opposite Chern numbers. The emergent topologically nontrivial energy gap stems from inherent vortex anisotropic polariton-polariton interactions and does not require any spin-orbit coupling, external magnetic fields, or elliptically polarized pump fields.