Small Business Administration

Objective ­: this study is to examine how green intellectual capital and sustainable competitive advantages directly impacts on commercial banks staff in Egypt. Design /Methodology /Approach: The study used the logical method, positivist philosophy, and quantitative analysis as its technique. The questionnaire was the tool used to gather data. As a result, 384 valid surveys were electronically gathered from Egyptian commercial bank employees via social media platforms. Additionally, investigate the causal links between the research variables using AMOS 26. Findings: The findings show that aspects of sustainable competitive advantage are positively and significantly impacted by green intellectual capital. Additionally, according to their demographic variables (gender, management level, year of experience, and education level), commercial bank employees' attitudes toward the research variables (green intellectual capital and sustainable competitive advantage) differ significantly. Research Limitations and /Implications: This study also has important theoretical ramifications for researchers interested in research variables, as well as practical consequences and advice for managing and training workers in commercial banks.

The occurrence of corporate fraud often results in significant losses to stakeholders and society. Therefore, this study aims to construct a model to predict corporate fraud, with the goal of providing early warnings of potential fraudulent activities. The research focuses on fraudulent listed companies in Taiwan and selects matching non-fraudulent companies at a ratio of 1:2 as the research sample. To comprehensively capture the factors contributing to fraud, 53 indicators are selected from four dimensions: financial statements, corporate governance, market transactions, and the overall economy. This study further categorizes fraud methods into financial statement fraud and non-financial statement fraud (i.e., hollowing out/misappropriating assets/manipulating stock prices), and applies machine learning techniques, specifically decision tree and random forest algorithms, for prediction and analysis. The empirical results indicate that: (1) the random forest method, based on ensemble learning, achieves higher prediction accuracy than the decision tree model, and the prediction accuracy improves when fraud methods are distinguished; (2) the type I error of the random forest model is zero, meaning that if the model predicts a company as fraudulent, fraud will occur in the following year; and (3) the detailed techniques of fraud evolve structurally over time, leading to a relatively high type II error.

This study addresses a clear problem: despite abundant work on supply chain resilience, the specific ways global merchandising choices shape U.S. continuity and recovery performance remain under-specified. The purpose is to quantify those linkages and provide design-ready guidance for practice. We first conducted a systematic mapping of the field and retained 43 peer-reviewed studies to ground constructs and hypotheses, then executed a quantitative, cross-sectional, multi-case design on a sample of 198 U.S. retail and consumer-enterprise cases observed at the firm-year level. Key independent variables operationalize merchandising architecture assortment breadth and depth, standardization versus localization intensity, private-label intensity, price policy consistency, promotion cadence, and sourcing diversification while outcomes capture resilience service-level stability during disruption windows, inbound lead-time variability, time-to-recover proxies, and revenue recovery slope. The analysis plan comprises descriptive profiles, Pearson and Spearman correlations, and hierarchical OLS with heteroskedasticity-robust errors and industry fixed effects, extended with nonlinearity tests and theory-driven interactions, cross-validated for predictive stability. Headline findings show sourcing diversification as the strongest positive correlate of resilience, disciplined price architectures as a second positive lever, and heavy promotion cadence as a negative driver unless buffered by diversification; private-label intensity exhibits an inverted-U with a resilience-efficient band at moderate-to-high exposure. Implications are managerial and architectural: standardize backbone elements that create fungibility, calibrate private label to the efficiency band with dual qualification, rationalize promotion calendars as a managed volatility budget, and build structurally decoupled diversification across countries and corridors to absorb shocks and speed recovery without sacrificing commercial intent.

This study investigates how data-driven capabilities and sustainable resource-allocation policies jointly influence supply chain resilience (SCRes) under disruption and uncertainty. Adopting a quantitative, cross-sectional, multiple case-study design, the research integrates survey-based measurement, archival operational data, and stochastic simulation–optimization to link organizational capabilities—visibility, collaboration, flexibility, supplier diversification, redundancy, risk orientation, and allocation efficiency—to key resilience outcomes, including service recovery, time-to-recovery (TTR), backorder intensity, cost variance, and emissions. Data were collected from 190 professionals across four international firms in discrete manufacturing, FMCG, healthcare logistics, and electronics sectors, each providing both perceptual and objective data spanning 12–24 months of operations. Hierarchical multiple regression models, supported by mediation and moderation analyses, revealed that collaboration, digital visibility, and allocation efficiency were the strongest predictors of resilience performance, while flexibility and diversification contributed moderate incremental effects. Allocation efficiency partially mediated the impact of visibility and collaboration on outcomes, demonstrating that information and coordination enhance resilience primarily through improved resource allocation. Moreover, capability effects intensified under uncertainty—visibility’s and collaboration’s benefits were significantly amplified by demand volatility and lead-time variability. A composite Resilience Performance Index (RPI) was developed to align statistical and operational metrics, linking survey constructs to observed KPIs. Monte Carlo simulation experiments using empirically calibrated disruption parameters validated these statistical insights: sustainability-aware optimized policies improved mean service levels by 3–6 percentage points, reduced TTR by 15–27%, lowered backorder intensity by up to 24%, and cut emissions intensity by 6–11% compared to status quo. These findings confirm that resilience and sustainability can be jointly enhanced through data-driven allocation strategies. The study contributes an integrated, replicable framework that bridges measurement, inference, and decision experimentation—offering both theoretical clarity on capability mechanisms and practical guidance for managers seeking to design resilient, carbon-conscious supply chains under stochastic conditions.

ABSTRACT Through discourse analysis, this article explores strategies used in the speeches and public statements of former Education Secretary Betsy DeVos (2017–2020), as she employed marketing tactics in service of a neoliberal educational agenda. I identify DeVos’s framing and lexical choices deployed to increase memory and attention salience, thereby highlighting the role words play in shaping political and cultural outcomes. Although the paper provides only a snapshot of DeVos’s framing, the discussion is situated within a broader neoliberal discourse designed to manipulate public sense-making and trigger emotions through emotionally charged rhetoric. Through careful lexical choices, DeVos crafts a worldview for primary and secondary audiences that likewise informs macro-level educational narratives, policies, and practices.

Clustering is developing the MSME economy that emphasizes cooperation among the various elements . MSMEs' geographical concentration is to link to their ability to synergize. Suppliers of goods, service providers, and business actors are all involved. After the Covid 19 vaccination, develop the economy by managing MSMEs and providing solutions. Clustering can be used to show the region's potential, MSMEs' profiles, regional products, regional opportunities, and qualified businesses that can be developed. Based on testing using the elbow method with SSE, the data clustering process for MSMEs in Lhokseumawe City is 4 with cluster income, namely sound, sufficient, and less, less than optimal (sum of square error). The number of clusters used is four, with the starting point chosen randomly. Cluster 0, which has 20 members; cluster 1, which has three items of data; cluster 2, which has one item of data; and cluster 3, which has six items of data, are the results of grouping into four groups.

I n today's society we see an increase of the "ME centered" ideology. And I believe it's a dangerous path for individuals, organizations and Nations to go down With all of the Instagram/ social media influencers touting who they are and the look at me messages and pictures .we can only expect this problem to get worse! When a society, country or even an organization has a self centered approach and not a outward "other people approach we see a rapid decline in teamwork, culture and morale One of the ways to combat the ME centered ideology is to approach relationships from a People Centered ideology instead and we do this with DISC! DISC will help you to understand the other person and their needs and wants and it allows you to communicate and relate to them in a way that THEY feel valued. The person that adds value to others is the most significant person so our approach needs to be about others not ourselves! DISC is the study of human behavior according to the 4 basic personality types or temperaments. The 4 personality types are:

North America (NA) provides a unique and dynamic landscape for environmental accounting research (EAR), particularly with respect to Canada and the United States of America. NA sustains a variety of ecosystems, terrain, climate, and cultural diversity, all potentially influenced by climate change. In a region plagued with an ever-growing carbon footprint, a focus on unyielding growth and consumption, continuously increasing income inequality, and a portion of the population which formally denies the existence of climate change altogether, research on environmental accounting is distinctive. NA EAR examines various industries and topics, with oil and gas and disclosure emerging as dominate themes. Additionally, researchers employ numerous theoretical lenses, with an inclination toward legitimacy theory. In this chapter, we outline the long history of EAR within NA, describe many unresolved issues, and discuss limitations and possible avenues for future work.