St. Petersburg State Technological Institute

The subject of the research is the assessment of the health of the population of the Kyzylorda region in the context of administrative districts using the integral indicator as a function. The aim of the study is to develop an algorithm for assessing the integral indicator of population health and the weighting coefficient by types of disease. The study used methods of system and comparative analysis, methods of mathematical and simulation modeling. The following results were obtained: an algorithm for assessing the integral indicator of population health and the weighting coefficient by types of disease were developed; testing of the proposed theoretical ideas was carried out using long-term official statistical data on health care of the Kyzylorda region for 2000-2022; the results obtained showed that there were no administrative districts with favorable integral indicators of population health in the Kyzylorda region during the study period. The developed algorithm and model for the integrated assessment of population health, applied in the monitoring mode, allow for understanding the regional characteristics of public health in the Kyzylorda region. The advantages of the method are the use of standard statistical parameters, the relative simplicity of obtaining results and their interpretation, as well as the possibility of adjustment depending on the objectives of the analysis.

The digital transformation of regional retail trade creates new requirements for sales process management, requiring higher fore-casting accuracy, flexibility of solutions and adaptability to local market conditions. Artifi-cial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies are becoming key tools for improving the efficiency of retail chains, allowing them to automate demand analysis, optimize inventory replenishment, improve price management, and create personalized offers for customers. The article examines the features of regional retail trade that de-termine the specifics of the use of algorith-mic methods, and reveals the impact of AI and ML on reducing operational risks and increasing the economic performance of sales activities. An analytical review of the potential of intelligent technologies in in-creasing the sustainability and competitive-ness of regional retail chains has been con-ducted.

Transparent conductive SnO2 films, promising for application in electronic engineering, were obtained by sol–gel synthesis via mixing SnCl2∙2H2O and NH4F solutions, followed by deposition onto glass substrates by centrifugation and heat treatment at 450 °C. The physicochemical processes of SnO2 crystallization in water–alcohol solutions of SnCl2 were analyzed depending on the concentration of the crystallization initiator NH4F and the alcohols used. The sol–gel processing of the thin films was investigated using a Latin square approach. Three factors affecting the film formation conditions were varied at three levels to determine the best combination of film properties involving the maximum transparency and lowest specific electrical resistance. The effect of solvent type (ethanol, 1-butanol and isopropanol), the amount of introduced fluorine (5, 10, and 15 at. %) and the number of deposited layers (10, 15, and 20) on the composition, morphology, crystallization features, transparency and specific surface resistance of the synthesized thin films was studied. The obtained films of ~200–340 nm thickness exhibited ~78%–95% transparency in the visible spectrum range and specific surface resistance (ρs) from ~109 to >1012 Ω/sq. The optimal combination of thin (~250 μm) SnO2<Sn> film target performances including transparency 84% and specific surface resistance ~109 Ω/sq. was achieved in the case of their preparation in isopropanol with an average concentration of NH4F (10 at. % F) and spin-on deposition of 20 layers.

ABSTRACT Magnesium(Mg) metal anodes are attractive for next‐generation rechargeable cells due to their high volumetric capacity, low redox potential, elemental abundance, and intrinsic safety. Yet their reversibility is fundamentally constrained by mechanistic challenges distinct from monovalent metal anode counterparts. The divalent charge of Mg 2+ induces strong solvation, leading to large desolvation barriers, while its strong reducibility drives parasitic electrolyte decomposition. These coupled effects yield ion‐blocking passivation layers, hydrogen evolution, self‐corrosion, and morphological instability of Mg metal anodes. Building on these mechanistic insights, this review provides a mechanism‐driven perspective on Mg metal anodes: we delineate interfacial challenges in organic and aqueous electrolyte systems by dissecting the coupled roles of Mg 2+ solvation–desolvation, parasitic interfacial reactions, Mg plating/stripping kinetics, and mechanical evolution; on this basis, we articulate cross‐cutting design principles—encompassing electrolyte formulation, artificial interfacial layers, alloying strategies, and 3D host architectures—that balance suppression of parasitic pathways with efficient Mg 2+ transport. Special attention is given to contrasting kinetic bottlenecks of organic electrolyte systems with thermodynamic constraints of aqueous media, and extracting unified design principles bridging these two regimes. Finally, we outline a co‐design strategy across electrolytes, interfacial layers, and electrode architectures as a pathway toward reversible, scalable, and safe Mg metal cells.

The study describes a method for recycling the still residue from the synthesis of hexafluoro-1,3-butadiene (HFBD) to produce zinc phosphate in the form of Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·2H 2 O, which is used as a component in anti-corrosion pigment materials. The still residue (“heavy liquid”) is preliminarily subjected to deep vacuum distillation (residual pressure 30 Pa, final temperature 160 °C) to recover volatile solventsnamely, isopropanol and dimethylformamide (DMF). The remaining residue is a concentrated solution of ZnCl 2 (about 70 wt. %) containing approximately 10 g/dm 3 of iron in the form of Fe(II) and Fe(III), as well as colored organic impurities of unidentified composition. According to the proposed process, the vacuum distillation residue is diluted with water at a ratio of 1 : 2, filtered to remove suspended solids, acidified to pH 2 by the addition of concentrated HCl, and treated oxidatively with H 2 O 2 at 70 °C. Fe(III) is removed by extraction with a 30 % solution of Cyanex 272 in an aliphatic diluent, and the colored impurities are removed by adsorption onto BAU-1 grade activated carbon. An alternative method for removing Fe(III) and part of the colored impurities involves precipitating zinc in the form of (ZnOH) 2 CO 3 using a 10 % Na 2 CO 3 solution. Final clarification is also carried out using BAU-1 activated carbon. The purified, clear ZnCl 2 solution is then subjected to a twostep precipitation process to obtain zinc phosphate. The resulting precipitate is filtered, thoroughly washed with water, dried, and ground. The study showed that after drying at 100–105 °C, the resulting powder corresponds to the composition Zn 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ·2H 2 O. The content of regulated impurities falls within acceptable limits, and the properties of the material meet the requirements for pigment-grade substances. A comparison of the obtained zinc phosphate with a commercially available sample of pigment-grade zinc phosphate was conducted. It was established that the proposed technology yields 580 g of zinc phosphate dihydrate per 1 kg of initial raw material.

In this work, the electrical properties (activation energy of electric conductivity, electrical resistance logarithm and temperature TK100) were studied by measuring the electrical conductivity when heating single phase and phase-separated glasses of the Na2O – K2O – B2O3 – SiO2 system containing from 2 to 10 mol % of alkali oxides. It is shown that the composition of the material and the type of the phase-separated morphology are crucial factors in changing these parameters. The absence of the mixed alkali effect and its influence on the properties of the examined glass was established.

In this study, the effect of microwave radiation on the phase composition and IR luminescence of orthotantalates and orthoniobates of erbium and ytterbium was analyzed. The results of studies of phosphors obtained by microwave sintering were compared with the results of studies of samples obtained by traditional ceramic technology with identical component content. Microwave sintering of IR phosphors allows to obtain materials with improved luminescent properties, spending significantly less energy on sintering, due to the reduction of temperature and time in comparison with traditional ceramic technology.

Abstract A new preparative method for the oxidation of sulfides to their corresponding sulfoxides using hydrogen peroxide in the presence of 5-alkylsulfonyl-1H-tetrazoles has been proposed. The method demonstrates high efficiency for sulfides with aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic substituents. The role of 5-alkylsulfonyl-1H-tetrazoles in the oxidative process has been demonstrated.

The paper discusses the use of gamification as an effective method for teaching Chinese Internet slang to Russian students studying pedagogy. The relevance of the research is due to the rapid development of Internet communication in Chinese and the need to prepare future teachers to understand and use modern linguistic realities in the educational process. The paper analyses the theoretical foundations of gamification, the principles of its implementation in foreign language teaching, and the specific features of Chinese Internet slang. The results of an empirical study are presented, demonstrating the positive impact of the developed gamified methodology on increasing student motivation, engagement, and performance in learning Chinese Internet slang. Specific examples of gamification elements and tasks adapted to the context of teaching Chinese to future teachers are proposed. In conclusion, the prospects for further use of gamification in Chinese language teaching practice are discussed, as well as the possibilities for adapting the presented methodology to other target audiences and language aspects.