Technology and Management Services (Switzerland)

This study investigates the performance of different OpenAI GPT model versions (GPT-3.5 Turbo, GPT-4 Turbo, GPT-4o, o1-preview and GPT-5 at different reasoning effort values) in solving chemistry problems across various educational and conceptual difficulty levels. The evaluation, aimed at assessing both accuracy and reasoning quality, was based on a data set comprising 150 multiple-choice questions and 10 open-ended questions at the high school level, as well as 75 multiple-choice questions, 10 open-ended questions, and 100 stoichiometry exercises at the university level. The results reveal a clear trend of improvement in both accuracy and consistency with successive GPT model versions, with o1-preview and GPT-5 demonstrating the highest overall performance due to their reasoning capabilities. Error analysis shows that, while conceptual understanding is generally strong, computational mistakes remain frequent, particularly in tasks related to chemical equilibrium exercises and redox reaction balancing, though GPT-5 markedly reduced these errors compared to earlier models. Additionally, misinterpretations of questions requiring judgment or historical context have emerged as a recurring issue. While prompt formulation influences performance in specific contexts, such as redox balancing, the overall sophistication of the model appears to be the primary determinant of performance. These findings suggest that recent advancements in large language models have significantly enhanced their potential for chemistry education, although careful oversight remains necessary to address numerical inaccuracies and interpretative limitations.

The Safe and Sustainable-by-Design (SSbD) framework by the EC-JRC (European Commission - Joint Research Centre) provides a structured approach to integrate safety and sustainability considerations from the earliest stages of chemical and material innovation. However, applying SSbD principles to advanced materials poses specific challenges due to their complex and diverse physicochemical properties. This work analyzes and maps hazard, exposure, fate and risk assessment methods and tools applicable to Steps 1, 2 and 3 of the EC-JRC SSbD framework, categorizing them across its three tiers to address different stages of product development. The analysis highlights the challenges of adapting conventional testing and modelling approaches to advanced materials, particularly for hazard assessment, and considers the relevance and limitations of tools originally developed for exposure and risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials when applied to broader advanced materials categories. An assessment of operational status, access conditions, and tool formats provides practical insights for researchers and industry stakeholders. The study identifies key methodological gaps and offers recommendations to improve and expand the current tool landscape. By providing a structured mapping of available resources and challenges, this work supports the effective implementation of SSbD principles, promoting the safe and sustainable development of advanced materials.

A framework of high-reliability principles was used to identify, investigate, and mitigate infusion pump safety concerns at a large, multisite health care system. We developed a systematic approach to address challenges associated with overinfusions, underinfusions, and the inability to clear upstream occlusion alarms. We identified 112,875 upstream occlusion events for 389,604 infusion starts (failure rate, 29%) within 6 months. Five high-reliability principles were applied to infusion pump management. Preoccupation with failure emphasized reporting safety concerns and performing appropriate clinical and bench tests. Deference to expertise prompted the development of a multidisciplinary team with internal and external partners. Sensitivity to operations prompted assessment of human factors design, with simulations and analysis of medication-specific factors (e.g., viscosity; infusion rates). Reluctance to simplify prompted assessment of tubing characteristics (e.g., concentricity; wall thickness) with micro-computed tomography and process development for removing faulty equipment. Practice of resilience ensured ongoing engagement and commitment to a culture of safety and patient advocacy. The multidisciplinary oversight team prompted a national recall, removal of malfunctioning pumps, and development of system-wide training and mitigation protocols. Despite ongoing pump challenges, our team optimized internal patient safety systems and processes. The cause of these malfunctions remains under investigation, but serious patient harm has been prevented. Key strategies for enhancing patient safety were continuous vigilance, interdisciplinary collaboration, and embracing complexity in a large health care organization. Future directions involve deeply integrating these high-reliability principles across all aspects of health care delivery to continue improving safety and quality outcomes.

Å bekjempe klimakrisen vil kreve grunnleggende endringer i måten vi arbeider, forbruker, produserer og forflytter oss på, der byer vil spille en ledende rolle. Kritisk, engasjert og handlingsorientert samfunnsvitenskap er påkrevd i omstillingen.

adotar comportamentos saudáveis.

El avance tecnológico en el campo de la imagenología médica ha revolucionado la forma en que diagnosticamos y tratamos una amplia variedad de enfermedades. En este contexto, el libro "Compendio en Temas de Imagenología Vol. 9" emerge como una obra esencial que aborda de manera integral los temas más relevantes en este campo en constante evolución.

Herein, a Safe-and-Sustainable-by-Design (SSbD) screening strategy on four different inorganic aerogel mats and two conventional mineral wools for ranking purposes is demonstrated. Given that they do not consist of particles, the release is first simulated, addressing three occupational exposure scenarios, realistic for their intended use as building insulators. No exposure to consumers nor to the environment is foreseen in the use phase, however, aerosols may be released during mat installation, posing an inhalation risk for workers. All four aerogel mats release more respirable dust than the benchmark materials and 60% thereof deposits in the alveolar region according to modelling tools. The collected aerogel dust allows for subsequent screening of hazard implications via two abiotic assays: 1) surface reactivity in human blood serum; 2) biodissolution kinetics in lung simulant fluids. Both aerogels and conventional insulators show similar surface reactivity. Differences in biodissolution are influenced by the specifically designed organic and inorganic structural modifications. Aerogel mats are better-performing insulators (2-fold lower thermal conductivity than the benchmark) However, this work demonstrates how investment decisions can be balanced with safety and sustainability aspects. Concepts of analogy and similarity thus support easily accessible methods to companies for safe and economically viable innovation with advanced materials.

O estudo apresentado tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura nacional em gestão da diversidade com foco em estudos organizacionais. Este estudo analisou 36 artigos, obtidos após aplicação do protocolo PRISMA, considerando apenas artigos nacionais na base de dados Google Scholar. A revisão sistemática demonstra predominância de artigos de baixa qualidade, publicados em periódicos Qualis B e C, predominantemente. Além disso, há concentração de estudos qualitativos, empíricos, que utilizam roteiro semiestruturado de entrevista e baseiam os resultados em análise de conteúdo. Reforça-se a baixa qualidade da produção nacional sobre o tema.

Este estudo tem como objetiva apresentar discussões sobre as contribuições da plataforma Discord, no desenvolvimento da habilidade escrita em espanhol, de alunos do ensino médio integral. Neste artigo, a plataforma Discord é apresentada como uma ferramenta educacional facilitadora da interação e a construção da aprendizagem significativa da escrita em espanhol, desafiando os alunos à construção de textos que vão além de sentenças e fragmentos descontextualizados. O embasamento teórico fundamenta-se nos estudos voltados a aprendizagem significativa, tecnologia e o ensino de línguas. O estudo, de cunho qualitativo, ocorreu no decorrer da disciplina eletiva de língua espanhola de uma escola de Ensino Médio Integral do interior do Rio Grande do Norte e teve como participantes 36 alunos da segunda série. Os resultados demostraram que houve avanço significativo nas produções dos estudantes. Mesmo com algumas dificuldades, conseguiram produzir a partir dos temas selecionados. Palavras-chave: Ensino de línguas; Tecnologia educacional; Aprendizagem significativa; Produção escrita.

As grandes produções fílmicas têm ocupado um lugar que mescla magia, fantasia, sonho e investimentos e retornos financeiros exponenciais. De maneira mais específica, o cinema americano conquistou o mundo com sua magia e seu modelo empresarial que conjugou produção de filmes em grandes estúdios, sistema de distribuição e exibição. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho consiste em uma análise discursiva da materialidade fílmica Guardiões da Galáxia vol. 1 (2014), integrante das produções do Universo Cinematográfico Marvel (UCM), sob a direção de James Gunn. O objetivo do trabalho é analisar as relações de poder/saber, tendo em vista os discursos científico-tecnológicos e armamentistas perpassados na trama. A partir da seleção do filme, faremos recortes do todo discursivo, a fim de examinarmos as sequências discursivas. Nesses termos, a análise consiste em uma inter-relação entre o objeto em análise e uma base teórica. Esta última tem como aporte os postulados de Michel Foucault (2014, 2003, 2012, 2013), Gregolin (2004, 2007), Laval (2020), dentre outros. Para alcançarmos o objetivo proposto, buscaremos responder a seguinte questão orientadora: Qual a possível relação entre a película, o sistema capitalista e a racionalidade neoliberal?