The Family Center

Research in psychology, sociology, economics, and other disciplines investigating social justice has identified associations between fair treatment and human well-being. However, the lack of a practical and valid instrument for measuring individual experiences of fair treatment in multiple areas of life has limited the ability to understand the relationship between fairness and wellness. The purpose of these studies was to develop and establish the initial psychometric properties and convergent validity of a scale measuring personal experiences of fairness across various life domains. Development and validation occurred across three studies. Scale development in Study 1 included the generation of items, item revision, and analysis of content validity. A review of existing literature and qualitative data derived from focus group discussions informed the initial pool of items. Cognitive interviews and expert input aided in analysis of content validity and revision of items. Study 2 consisted of confirmatory factor analyses to evaluate the performance of items and determine the underlying factor structure of the scale. In Study 3, factor analyses were used to evaluate convergent validity with other fairness-related instruments. Results of the first study supported the conceptualization of fairness along a social-ecological spectrum: experiences of fairness existed in multiple distinct life domains (e.g., interpersonal, occupational, community). Results from the second study revealed a bifactor model with one general Fairness factor and four Interpersonal, Occupational, Community, and Societal ecological group factors. Results from the third study suggested acceptable convergent validity among some subscales and other established instruments, while also suggesting that refinements to the Community fairness subscale might improve the scale. The final 12-item scale demonstrated good reliability. Results of this study produced an instrument able to measure individual experiences of fair treatment across four life domains.

The COVID pandemic exposed the vulnerability of older adults in myriad ways and social service organizations faced unprecedented challenges in safely providing support for older adults. Since 2007, Hawai'i Healthy Aging Partnership (HHAP) has offered Enhance®Fitness, an evidence-based program to reduce the risk of falls and promote health among older adults. Due to the pandemic, all the Enhance®Fitness sites had to close and stop offering the program. The HHAP started to provide alternative activities remotely in May 2020. To explore the pandemic's impact, the feasibility of online exercise programs, and the support needed among older adults to stay physically active, HHAP surveyed existing Enhance®Fitness participants and received 291 responses (59% response rate). The study used frequency distributions, comparison of means, and chi-square to analyze the survey data. Findings showed that the shutdown of the group exercise program during the pandemic led to a health status decline, a reduction in physical activities, and a shift from group to individual physical activities among older adult participants. Most respondents tried the remote exercise opportunities during the pandemic and would consider joining the remote programs in the future. However, about one-fourth of the respondents did not participate in remote exercise activities due to the lack of electronic devices, internet access, or interest in remote activity formats. To ensure equitable access to physical exercise programs for older adults in the post-pandemic era, it is critical to address the access challenges and resources needed for providing multiple programming options.

Generation Z people born between 1995 and 2006 cite gaming as their favourite media and entertainment activity. For this reason, e-sport continues to be developed as a key channel for interactive marketing. This study aims to segment generation Z e-sports enthusiasts and create meaningful consumer profiles. This exploratory study employed an online survey (n = 429) to collect data on generation Z e-sports enthusiasts. A two-step cluster analysis was conducted based on motives. Socio-demographic information and behaviours served as descriptor variables to create consumer profiles. Four clusters were revealed: excitement lovers, sportscape experience seekers, immersed players and spectators, and entertainment and excitement adorers. Differences across the clusters merged across age and gender, but also hours played per week, games played and watched, and other behaviours. This study adds to the still limited body of academic segmentation studies on e-sports consumers, focusing on generation Z.

Abstract The concept of differentiation of self and its relationship to the natural capacity of humans and other social animals to adapt underpins clinician and researcher Victoria Harrison's long‐term investigation of the biology of reactivity in relationships. Victoria's early research related to infertility and reproduction demonstrated how reactivity in at least three prior generations can contribute to chronic conditions, such as endometriosis, that are less amenable to intervention. Her most recent project, the ‘Observations of Change in Physiology and Family’ research, highlights how work on differentiation of self improves functional outcomes in physical and mental health for the family. While an individual may not experience the ‘calm mind’ that is often the goal of conventional therapeutic intervention, a significant reduction in symptoms and an improvement in overall functioning and relatedness are outcomes. This occurred when participants focused on increasing person‐to‐person contact with extended family members, reducing their emotional reactivity to significant others in the important triangles of their life and family and maintaining intellectual activity, often described as curiosity, even while reacting.

The purpose of this DNP project was to establish baseline human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates, improve baseline knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccines, reduce barriers to HPV vaccination, and increase intention of HPV vaccine uptake among college students. A precaution adoption process model-based survey, in-person education session, and posteducation survey were administered to college students in a Midwestern university to measure perceptions of HPV and HPV vaccination as well as to identify barriers to HPV vaccination. From the preeducation survey to the posteducation survey, correct answers to questions increased, and barriers and misconceptions about HPV and the HPV vaccine decreased, indicating successful education. HPV vaccination intent, defined as indication of "likely" or "very likely" to receive the vaccine on the surveys, rose from 28.0% to 90.7% among participating college students. This study showed that implementing engaging, in-person HPV prevention education is an effective method for decreasing barriers related to vaccination and increasing vaccination intention.

Aktuelle Klassifikationssysteme für psychische Störungen wie das DSM-5 und ICD-11 stehen zunehmend in der Kritik, die Komplexität psychischer Probleme nicht adäquat abzubilden. Ungünstig sind insbesondere die implizite Orientierung am medizinischen Krankheitsmodell, die mangelnde strukturelle Validität sowie die kategoriale Abgrenzung zu psychischer Gesundheit. Als Antwort auf diese Herausforderungen wird aktuell im Rahmen eines Konsortiums eine Hierarchische Taxonomie der Psychopathologie (HiTOP) entwickelt – ein empirisch fundiertes, hierarchisch organisiertes, und dimensionales Modell zur Beschreibung psychischer Probleme. In diesem Artikel wird das HiTOP-Modell erstmals in umfassender Weise für den deutschsprachigen Raum zugänglich gemacht. Nach einer Kritik an aktuellen Klassifikationssystemen erläutern wir zunächst die methodischen Grundprinzien von HiTOP und stellen das aktuell gültige Modell vor. Anschließend berichten wird von neuen Studien und Überlegungen zur Validierung und Weiterentwicklung des Modells, geben einen Einblick in die Entwicklung eines umfassenden Selbsteinschätzungsfragebogens zur Erfassung der HiTOP-Dimensionen und veranschaulichen den Einsatz von HiTOP in der diagnostischen Praxis. In der Diskussion klären wir Bezüge zu alternativen Ansätzen zur Konzeptualisierung psychischer Störungen, arbeiten die Implikationen von HiTOP für zukünftige Forschung und Praxis heraus und thematisieren Forschungslücken und Limitationen.

America's crisis of youth mental health challenges has been worsened by COVID-19. Group-based parent education has been proven effective in intervention and prevention; however, a lack of universal access and the busyness of parents are significant barriers to participation. Rapid growth in technology-based education aims to increase accessibility but live, virtual parent education was understudied. E3 Parent Education (E3 PE) was a free, virtual, and synchronous group programme offered in Montana by a certified parent educator to support families navigating common and uncommon challenges. Through qualitative evaluation with eight programme participants (n = 8), this study aimed to understand impacts and access of this parent education programme. All participants (100%) aligned on three themes describing the virtual, synchronous parent education experience: convenience, connection, and comfort. Participants suggested strategies for improvement as well. A free, virtual, synchronous, group-based format provided equitable access and lowered the barriers to participation. Findings advised that the developers, facilitators, and policymakers consider adding virtual options alongside in-person settings to reduce participant barriers and meet the needs of different families.

Trigeminal schwannomas, rare tumors originating from Schwann cells of the trigeminal nerve, present unique diagnostic challenges due to their infrequent occurrence. The clinical manifestation of facial numbness and tingling necessitates a comprehensive approach for accurate diagnosis and optimal management. We present the case of a 45-year-old female who presented with a six-month history of progressive facial numbness localized to the left maxillary and mandibular regions. Intermittent sharp, shooting pain exacerbated by chewing and cold stimuli was reported. Physical examination revealed sensory deficits inleft trigeminal nerve distribution. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a well-circumscribed, enhancing lesion along the left trigeminal nerve. Surgical excision of the tumor confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma. This case underscores the significance of a detailed clinical history, advanced imaging, and collaboration between neurologists and neurosurgeons in achieving an accurate diagnosis and favorable outcome for trigeminal schwannomas. The successful surgical intervention, coupled with histopathological confirmation, contributes to the understanding of these rare tumors.

To investigate whether routine intraoperative ultrasonographic guidance during second-trimester dilatation and evacuation (D&E) reduces procedure-related complications in an Ethiopian setting. We conducted a pre-post study on routine ultrasonography during second-trimester D&E at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College (Ethiopia). Second-trimester D&E cases that were managed at the hospital between 2017 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed by grouping them into an intervention group (using routine ultrasound intraoperatively for all cases) and a non-intervention group (problem-based intraoperative use of ultrasound, where ultrasound was used in problem cases only). SPSS version 23 was used for analysis and simple descriptive statistics, χ2 test, multivariate regression analysis, and Fisher exact test were performed as appropriate. Pvalues less than 0.05 and odds ratio with 95% CIwere used to present the results' significance. A total of 242 second-trimester D&E cases were analyzed (84 cases managed under routine intraoperative ultrasound guidance and 158 cases managed with a problem-based intraoperative use of ultrasound). Compared with problem-based intraoperative use of ultrasound (using it only in selected cases), routine intraoperative ultrasound use was not associated with a decrease in D&E complications (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04-1.16). The two factors associated with increased D&E procedure complications were advanced gestational age (aOR 13.52, 95% CI 1.86-98.52), and need for additional mechanical cervical dilatation during the D&E procedure (aOR 9.53, 95% CI 1.32-69.07). Provider experience, cervical preparation methods (laminaria vs Foley), and maternal age were not associated with occurrence of D&E complications. Our study does not support the preference of routine intraoperative ultrasound guidance over problem-based (in selected cases) intraoperative ultrasound use during the second-trimester D&E procedure. More research is needed to make a strong clinical recommendation on using routine intraoperative ultrasound guidance during all second-trimester D&E procedures.

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