Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital

To develop a deep-learning model capable of measuring essential anterior segment (AS) parameters derived from preoperative ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) images of candidates for implantable collamer lens (ICL) surgery. Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China. Cross-sectional retrospective study. A dataset comprising 1,480 preoperative panoramic UBM images taken from 638 eyes of 320 subjects was collected and was divided into training and testing subsets at a proportion of 7:3. Using the YOLOv8-pose algorithm, the model identified ten anatomical key point coordinates and computed six relevant AS parameters. Both manual and anterior segment optical coherence tomography-based non-contact measurements served as reference standards for evaluating the model's accuracy. The relationship between postoperative vault and preoperative parameters measured by the model was analyzed using multiple linear regression. On the test dataset, the model achieved an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) exceeding 0.978, with a mean Euclidean distance of 67.65 ± 54.25μm across all point locations. The ICC values for anterior chamber depth (ACD), pupil diameter, and sulcus-to-sulcus distance were above 0.980 (95% CI: 0.975 to 0.985), with average relative error below 1.7%. Additionally, postoperative vault at one month was significantly correlated with model-measured parameters, including crystalline lens rise, iris concavity, and ACD (P < 0.001). This study introduces a robust program capable of quantitatively measuring AS parameters with accuracy comparable to that of experienced ophthalmologists. The findings provide valuable guidance for ICL sizing and vault prediction.

PurposesTo investigate the efficacy and safety of subretinal balanced salt solution (BSS) injections for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO-ME).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 19 eyes of 19 patients characterized by Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) diagnosed using retinal angiography and persistent or recurrent edema on optical coherence tomography after at least three standard-dose anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatments. The operation group received pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and subretinal injection of BSS. The injection group continued to receive intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs. The results of visual acuity, retinal morphology, and recurrence were analyzed and compared between the two groups after treatment. Statistical comparisons were adjusted for baseline imbalances using analysis of covariance.ResultsAfter adjustment for baseline best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and prior injection number, the difference in final BCVA between the surgery and injection groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.081). However, the surgery group demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in final Central macular thickness after adjustment (adjusted mean: 222.67 μm vs. 270.60 μm, p = 0.048). The surgery group also showed a strong trend toward a lower recurrence rate (40.0% vs. 88.9%, p = 0.051) and a longer median time to recurrence (10.0 vs. 4.0 months), though the latter was not statistically significant (log-rank p = 0.503). No serious adverse events were observed.ConclusionThis preliminary study suggests that PPV combine with ILM peeling and subretinal BSS injection was feasible and associated with significant anatomical improvement in refractory RVO-ME. The procedure has shown potential in controlling edema and reducing recurrence. While visual outcomes were comparable to anti-VEGF after adjustment, the anatomical benefit warrants further investigation in prospective trials.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in older adults, with oxidative stress as a central driver. We proposed the Antioxidant Vitamin Index (AVI), a composite indicator integrating vitamins A, C, and E to quantify systemic antioxidant nutritional status, and evaluated its association with AMD across three large cohorts: the UK Biobank, NHANES 2005-2008, and a Tianjin clinical cohort. Using Cox proportional hazards models for incident AMD in the UK Biobank and multivariable logistic regression for AMD prevalence in NHANES and Tianjin, complemented by restricted cubic splines, quartile analyses, and machine learning, we consistently observed that higher AVI was independently associated with a lower risk of AMD. Dose-response analyses showed a progressive decline in AMD risk with increasing AVI, and model performance improved when AVI was added to conventional risk factors. Machine learning and SHAP interpretation further identified age and AVI as dominant predictors of AMD. These findings support AVI as a biologically grounded, quantifiable metric with potential for early screening, risk stratification, and nutrition-based prevention of AMD.

To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year, journals, countries/regions, organizations, references, and keywords, to investigate the current research international trends and hot topics in this area. Bibliometric analysis was conducted on 9128 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC; Clarivate) database. Quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed using VOSviewer (v1.6.18), Pajek (v1.0.0.0), and CiteSpace (v6.1.R2) software. The 9128 papers relating to glaucoma treatment were published from April 2013 to April 2023, of which 7482 articles (82%) were original research articles and 1464 (18%) were review articles. The United States (2867) and Johns Hopkins University (166) were the most productive country and institution, respectively, but the University College London had the highest h-index (54). The Journal of Glaucoma was the most productive and Ophthalmology had the highest h-index compared with other journals. The Keywords of interest included treatment surgery, cyclophotocoagulation, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS), trabeculectomy, baerveldt, epidemiology, medication adherence, nanoparticle, optical coherence tomography (OCT), gene therapy, and artificial intelligence (AI). Glaucoma surgery appeared as a current research hotspot through the analysis of keywords. This study provides insights into the research trends and potential research hotspots in the treatment of glaucoma. This will help researchers to evaluate research policies and to promote international cooperation.