Tianma Microelectronics (China)

Psychedelics are undergoing a renaissance as potential therapy for psychiatric disorders, with more than 200 clinical trials being studied across several countries1-3. However, the precise mechanisms by which these drugs bring about benefits and the potential clinical risks are not yet fully understood. The serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2AR) was reported to be a Gq-coupled receptor and the primary interoceptive target of psychedelics4,5. Here we compared psychedelics and their non-hallucinogenic analogues (nHAs) using in vitro and in vivo approaches, finding that 5-HT2AR-mediated non-canonical Gi signalling is essential for hallucinogenic effect. We further presented five cryo-electron microscopy structures of 5-HT2AR-Gi/Gq in complex with psychedelics or nHAs. Structural analysis and pharmacological investigation revealed that a special contact between nHAs with 5-HT2AR mediated the signalling bias. Building on this insight, we identified a 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine derivative, DOI-NBOMe, which exhibits potent and selective Gq-biased activity, and demonstrates promising therapeutic effects in mouse models without hallucinogenic effect. Our finding uncovers the functional mechanisms underlying the Gi signalling mediated by 5-HT2AR and provides valuable insights for designing psychedelic-based drugs with minimized risk from hallucinogenic effects.

This paper studied the trajectory tracking performance of electrohydraulic position servo systems subject to impulsive disturbance via sliding mode control. Different from traditional sliding mode control, which in applied in continuous state space, our proposed sliding mode control could restrain the negative effect of impulsive disturbance. The proposed method is based on the linear matrix inequality method; some sufficient conditions were presented to ensure the reachability of the sliding surface and the stability of the resulting sliding mode dynamics, where a relationship between continuous dynamics, impulsive strength, and impulsive frequency was established. It showed that this relationship can fully estimate the effect of impulsive disturbance. Moreover, we provided the estimation of the reaching time, which was related to the impulse actions and initial state. Finally, the simulations demonstrated the validity of the obtained results.

Abstract Despite significant improvements in acute and chronic wound care, determining optimal timing for individualized dressing changes remains a critical clinical challenge, with a lack of objective and precise evaluation criteria. To meet this need, a multilayer colorimetric dressing is designed that integrates unidirectional exudate drainage, pH, and moisture monitoring. An ice‐templated polyurethane sponge featuring aligned microchannel structures is developed to achieve exudate drainage. The pH colorimetric module is fabricated by embedding phenol red indicator into hydrogel via solution diffusion, while the moisture colorimetric module incorporates carbon‐encapsulated Fe 3 O 4 (Fe 3 O 4 @C) nanoparticles doped photonic crystal hydrogel. This dressing overcomes the key limitations of traditional electrochemical sensors, which require wired connections and power source, by employing visible light‐based colorimetric analysis with RGB quantification. The dressing achieves a unidirectional exudate drainage rate of 2.35 µL s −1 , with a pH monitoring range of 5.0–8.0 and a humidity detection range of 11–100%. Proof‐of‐concept studies conducted both in vitro and in infected rat models validate the capability of the dressing for real‐time monitoring of wound microenvironment pH and humidity levels. This innovative technology offers a clinically viable approach to determine optimal dressing change frequency, thereby enhancing healing outcomes while minimizing infection risks.

Understanding the fatigue behavior of materials is essential for designing components capable of enduring prolonged use under varying stress conditions. This study investigates the high-cycle fatigue and fatigue crack growth characteristics of X17CrNi15-2 stainless steel. Very high-cycle fatigue (VHCF) and fatigue crack growth tests were conducted on conventional fatigue and compact tension (CT) specimens fabricated from X17CrNi15-2 stainless steel. The fatigue crack growth behavior of the CT specimens was analyzed using Paris’ law. A revised version of Paris’ law was suggested based on the fatigue crack growth rate plotted against the stress intensity factor range, expanding on prior research utilizing three-point single-edge notch bend specimens. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to examine the fracture mechanisms of both fatigue specimen types. The results indicated that the fatigue specimens failed in the VHCF regime under stress amplitudes ranging from 100 to 450 MPa. A power law correlation between stress amplitude and fatigue life was established, with material constants of 7670.3954 and −0.1663. These findings offer valuable insights into the material’s performance and are crucial for enhancing its suitability in engineering applications where high-cycle fatigue is a critical factor.

Metal–air batteries offer higher theoretical energy densities and simpler system architectures compared with conventional fuel cells and other rechargeable batteries, making them highly attractive for next-generation energy storage applications. However, platinum dependency and sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics impede zinc–air fuel cell commercialization. Herein, we develop low-platinum FePt alloys anchored on tannic acid-etched ZIF-8-derived hollow mesoporous carbon nanoframeworks (FePt-HCNFs), leveraging nanoconfinement effects to prevent nanoparticle aggregation during synthesis. The FePt-HCNF catalyst achieves a 0.91 V half-wave potential (20 mV above Pt/C) and a 1.13 A mgPt –1 mass activity in acidic media while delivering a peak power density of 195.2 mW cm–2 in primary zinc–air batteries. Operational stability tests confirm the structural integrity of the FePt-HCNF catalyst, stemming from the optimized interplay between the engineered carbon framework and atomically dispersed active sites. This work demonstrates a rational design paradigm for durable, cost-effective platinum-based catalysts through atomic-scale support engineering, advancing sustainable energy conversion technologies.