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The economic and societal advantages of Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Medicine (STEMM) occupations are considerable; however, access to STEMM education and training opportunities is unequal, especially for youth from low-socioeconomic-status (SES) areas. Young people from low-SES areas may experience sustained structural, financial, and social barriers that limit their ability to develop identities as STEMM practitioners and to persist in pursuing these fields. This case study describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of a community-based mini-medical summer camp held in a low-SES area to support the development of STEMM identities and to increase 6th–11th-grade students’ biomedical and medical knowledge and career interests. The program utilized partnerships with local entities to provide access to biomedical and medical content. Nineteen students completed the program; fifteen consented to and assented to assessment using pre- and post-tests of STEMM-related knowledge and self-efficacy, and completed all measurements. Students’ STEMM knowledge levels increased significantly; however, their STEMM self-efficacy did not change, possibly due to high initial confidence and the short duration of participation. Students reported high engagement and increased interest in the sciences and medicine. Overall, this study suggests that community-centered outreach programs can increase STEMM engagement and learning in low-SES environments.

Abstract Objective Menopause, a universal yet diverse life stage, profoundly influences women's physical, emotional, and social well‐being. In Malaysia's multi‐ethnic context, experiences are shaped by cultural meanings, religious beliefs, healthcare structures, and socioeconomic factors. Despite this, policies and services remain limited, with low uptake of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), poor workplace recognition, and uneven access to care. This study is designed to identify the different experiences of menopause in Malaysian population. Design Qualitative study using semi‐structured interviews. Setting and Population Women in perimenopause, menopause, and post‐menopause stages from the general population. Methods Part of the Malaysian chapter of the MARIE WP2a project, this study explored lived experiences among women aged over 18, purposively recruited across ethnic, religious, and socioeconomic groups. Interviews conducted in English, Malay, or Mandarin were analysed thematically using the Delanerolle and Phiri equity‐oriented framework to identify determinants at individual, community, health system, and policy levels. Results Eleven women described a range of symptoms, from mild discomfort to severe vasomotor, psychological, and musculoskeletal issues. Surgical menopause caused abrupt, compounded symptoms. Coping strategies included exercise, herbal remedies, religious practices, and selective biomedical use. HRT uptake remained low due to cancer fears, cultural perceptions, and limited clinician engagement. Workplace support was minimal, with most relying on informal networks. Healthcare engagement was reactive, and anticipatory guidance was scarce. Equity gaps emerged around affordability, rural–urban divides, religious norms, workplace stigma, and lack of culturally appropriate information. Conclusion Menopause in Malaysia is shaped by biological, sociocultural, and systemic factors. Culturally sensitive clinical pathways, workplace reforms, and equity‐focused primary care policies are urgently needed.

La trombosis del seno cavernoso es una condición neurológica grave poco frecuente, pero de rápida progresión de alta mortalidad si no se diagnostica y trata oportunamente, caracterizada por formación de un trombo (coágulo) en el seno cavernoso, una estructura venosa intracraneal que contiene importantes nervios craneales y la arteria carótida interna. El presente estudio se basa en una revisión bibliográfica de artículos científicos, centrados en la etiología, manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la TSC, sus síntomas más comunes son la cefalea intensa, fiebre, oftalmoplejía, edema periorbitario, disminución de la agudeza visual, signos de afectación de pares craneales y especialmente infecciones faciales o sinusales. La resonancia magnética con venografía es el método diagnóstico de elección y el inicio precoz de tratamiento antibiótico empírico de amplio espectro, junto con anticoagulación, mejora significativamente el pronóstico. Los resultados destacan que hasta el 30% de los casos de TSC tienen origen infeccioso, siendo la sinusitis, las infecciones dentales y la celulitis orbitaria las causas más frecuentes, a partir de infecciones profundas como abscesos periapicales, infecciones del tercer molar superior, celulitis facial, o tras procedimientos dentales complicados, especialmente cuando se afectan estructuras venosas que comunican directamente con el cráneo. Por ello, se enfatiza la importancia de un diagnóstico precoz, en pacientes con antecedentes de infecciones faciales y un abordaje terapéutico rápido y multidisciplinario.

Greenwashing has become a major concern in the business and environmental communication landscape, as companies increasingly adopt environmentally friendly messages to enhance their public image. This study explores public perception and awareness of greenwashing by analyzing user-generated comments on selected YouTube videos. Data were collected from publicly available comment sections and analyzed using Python on Google Colab, employing Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for topic modeling. The analysis revealed five dominant topics in the public discourse: (0) Rhetoric vs. Reality, (1) Environmental Narratives and the State, (2) Youth Awareness and Corruption, (3) Palm Oil and Environmental Impact, and (4) Systems and Public Awakening. Among these, Topic (1) demonstrated the highest coherence and exclusivity, highlighting strong public concern over the role of government and institutional actors in environmental sustainability. The results suggest that audiences are not only aware of greenwashing tactics but also critically engage with the legitimacy of corporate and government environmental claims. These insights suggest a shift in public discourse that favors transparency and accountability in environmental communication and demonstrates the growing importance of public literacy in identifying greenwashing practices

The article is based on two ethnographic research studies conducted in the interior rural provinces of China and India. The article offers insights into the epistemological and methodological potentials of mobile methods, such as walking and transit interviews, through empirical analysis from extensive fieldwork in rural areas. The article’s central premise extends the understanding of mobile methods in the diverse socio-spatial dynamics of rural environments. As a corollary, it shows how mobile methods can effectively streamline these dynamics in rural settings by providing insights into the intergenerational and spatiotemporal identities of people. The article also offers methodological insights into the use of mobile methods in qualitative research centred around rural areas, particularly in the limited context of the Global South. The article illustrates how mobile methods can become dynamic, contextual and flexible data-generation tools in sync with the natural rural landscape and its sociocultural setup. The conceptual basis for using mobile methods is explained throughout the article, using fieldwork narratives and observations enriched by these methods. The article elucidates the significance of mobile methods by identifying four key themes and briefly describes the challenges involved in their on-field application. The exploration of mobile methods in this article aims to constitute movement as a spatiotemporal phenomenon and not just differential data collection tools.

Abstract Neglected children are at-risk for behavior problems, although the processes by which such problems develop are poorly understood. We examined whether Emotion Knowledge (EK) mediated the relationship between neglect and young children’s behavior problems. In a community sample (N = 127), neglect history was assessed at 4.0 years using Child Protective Services records (44% neglected); at 4.5 years children completed an EK assessment (expression recognition; expression labeling; and situational knowledge); and at 6- to 7-years teachers rated children’s behavior problems on the Teacher Report Form. Neglect predicted greater total behavior problems (r = .227, p =.035), while the EK composite predicted fewer total behavior problems (r =–.383, p <.001). Neglect did not predict EK (r =–.162, p =.069) nor were indirect effects significant at the 95% credible interval in Bayesian mediation models. While significant mediation was not identified, findings suggest that early screening of EK skills and implementation of interventions to enhance such skills could help to prevent the onset or worsening of behavior problems among young children.

The determinants of small community development in Ukraine under decentralization have been studied. The uneven realization of institutional opportunities due to a combination of internal and external factors has been identified. The results of scientific research and practical experience of community functioning have been summarized, and key factors influencing the development of small communities in the context of decentralization changes have been highlighted. It has been determined that effective development of small communities is conditioned by a complex of financial, infrastructural, economic, social, institutional, and innovative factors. The importance of an integrated approach to local development, including strategic planning, resource mobilization, institutional capacity building, and community engagement, has been proven. It is recommended to strengthen cross-sectoral cooperation, promote innovation and investment, improve the quality of life, and ensure inclusive governance for the sustainable development of communities.

Objective In South Korea, there is a significant gap in systematic, evidence-based research on intensive case management (ICM) for individuals with severe mental illness (SMI). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ICM through a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing ICM with standard case management (non-ICM).Methods An RCT was conducted to assess the effectiveness of Seoul-intensive case management (S-ICM) vs. non-ICM in individuals with SMI in Seoul. A total of 78 participants were randomly assigned to either the S-ICM group (n=41) or the control group (n=37). Various clinical assessments, including the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, Health of the Nation Outcome Scale, and Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I), along with quality-of-life measures such as the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule, WHO Quality of Life scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were evaluated over a 3-month period. Statistical analyses, including analysis of covariance and logistic regression, were used to determine the effectiveness of S-ICM.Results The S-ICM group had significantly lower odds of self-harm or suicidal attempts compared to the control group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=0.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21–1.38). Psychiatric symptoms measured by the BPRS and perceived social support measured by the MSPSS significantly improved in the S-ICM group. The S-ICM group also had significantly higher odds of CGI-I compared to the control group (aOR=8.20, 95% CI: 2.66–25.32).Conclusion This study provides inaugural evidence on the effectiveness of S-ICM services, supporting their standardization and potential nationwide expansion.