Tokyo Polytechnic University

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Background: In malignant pleural mesothelioma, epithelioid histology is traditionally considered a favorable prognostic marker. However, it remains clinically undetermined whether the intensity of an oncogenic insult can disrupt this link. Radiation-induced cases serve as an unconfounded biological model to dissect such trajectories masked by asbestos confounding. Methods: We performed an Individual Patient Data (IPD) synthesis of 20 strictly asbestos-unexposed human cases, applying clinically established dose stratification (intermediate: 20-45 Gy vs. high: >45 Gy). To confirm the observed pattern, we examined data from 829 dogs in the Colorado State University (CSU) Beagle Study. Results: In the intermediate-dose group (n = 13), a significant positive correlation persisted between age at radiotherapy and the latent period (ρ = 0.567, p = 0.043). Conversely, high-dose exposure (>45 Gy) showed a disruption of this age-dependent pattern, with a trend toward inverse correlation (ρ = -0.754, p = 0.084). Interaction analysis confirmed a statistically significant divergence between these dose-dependent trends (p = 0.005). The CSU Beagle Study (n = 829) demonstrated the physical basis of this phenomenon: in the canine model, high-dose exposure (≥0.74 Gy) triggered a "Step-Jump" in cumulative incidence (30.4% at 0.5 years), indicating instantaneous carcinogenic onset distinct from cumulative biological aging. Conclusions: This kinetic divergence points to a "Diagnostic Trap." We propose a 'Single- to Double-Brake' framework where intermediate doses preserve age-dependent progression, whereas high doses likely trigger catastrophic genomic failure (chromothripsis) that bypasses the time required for morphological dedifferentiation. Consequently, morphologically indolent epithelioid tumors in high-dose survivors may harbor aggressive molecular profiles not predicted by histology alone, necessitating risk-stratified precision surveillance.

Juggling is a complex motor skill that requires multiple sub-skills and cannot be mastered without extensive practice. Although prior studies have quantified performance differences between novice and expert jugglers, none have attempted to quantitatively decompose these components or model their contribution to juggling performance. This longitudinal study presents a multimodal evaluation system that integrates computer vision, motion capture, and biosensing to quantify three key elements of juggling ability: Sequencing, Prediction, and Accuracy. Twenty beginners completed a 10-day, three-ball juggling experiment combining visuo-haptic virtual reality (VR) and real-world practice, with half training in reduced gravity, previously shown to enhance early-stage motor learning. The fitted Gamma-Log generalized linear model (GLM) indicated that Sequencing is the dominant factor of early skill acquisition, followed by Prediction and Accuracy. This study provides the first computational decomposition of juggling, demonstrates how multiple elements jointly contribute to performance, and results in a principled approach to characterizing motor learning in complex real-world tasks.

To improve the accuracy of Japanese finger-spelled character recognition using an RGB camera, we focused on feature design and refinement of the recognition method. By leveraging angular features extracted via MediaPipe, we proposed a method that effectively captures subtle motion differences while minimizing the influence of background and surrounding individuals. We constructed a large-scale dataset that includes not only the basic 50 Japanese syllables but also those with diacritical marks, such as voiced sounds (e.g., “ga”, “za”, “da”) and semi-voiced sounds (e.g., “pa”, “pi”, “pu”), to enhance the model’s ability to recognize a wide variety of characters. In addition, the application of a change-point detection algorithm enabled accurate segmentation of sign language motion boundaries, improving word-level recognition performance. These efforts laid the foundation for a highly practical recognition system. However, several challenges remain, including the limited size and diversity of the dataset and the need for further improvements in segmentation accuracy. Future work will focus on enhancing the model’s generalizability by collecting more diverse data from a broader range of participants and incorporating segmentation methods that consider contextual information. Ultimately, the outcomes of this research should contribute to the development of educational support tools and sign language interpretation systems aimed at real-world applications.

In response to the reexamination of the upper limit of minor additional constituents in Portland cement, the effect of the amount of minor additional constituents in Portland cement on the activity index test results of micro powder for ultra-high strength concrete was examined. As a result, it was confirmed that even if the mixing ratio of the minor additional constituents was increased from the current JIS upper limit of 5% to twice that amount (10%), the activity index test results did not change significantly.

The fluidity and compressive strength of mortar using five types of slag fine aggregate for concrete, including coal gasification slag aggregate, were investigated. As a result, the following conclusions were obtained. Even if the particle size distribution of the fine aggregate was made the same, the effect of the fine aggregate volume fraction on the J14 funnel flow test results differed due to differences in the particle shape of the fine aggregate. Furthermore, in this experiment, the change in the compressive strength of the mortar due to adjusting the particle size distribution of the fine aggregate was not large.

The vergence of subjects was measured while they observed 360-degree images of a virtual reality (VR) goggle. In our previous experiment, we observed a shift in vergence in response to the perspective information presented in 360-degree images when static targets were displayed within them. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a moving target that an observer was gazing at could also guide his vergence. We measured vergence when subjects viewed moving targets in 360-degree images. In the experiment, the subjects were instructed to gaze at the ball displayed in the 360-degree images while wearing the VR goggle. Two different paths were generated for the ball. One of the paths was the moving path that approached the subjects from a distance (Near path). The second path was the moving path at a distance from the subjects (Distant path). Two conditions were set regarding the moving distance (Short and Long). The moving distance of the left ball in the long distance condition was a factor of two greater than that in the short distance condition. These factors were combined to created four conditions (Near Short, Near Long, Distant Short and Distant Long). And two different movement time (5s and 10s) were designated for the movement of the ball only in the short distance conditions. The moving time of the long distance condition was always 10s. In total, six types of conditions were created. The results of the experiment demonstrated that the vergence was larger when the ball was in close proximity to the subjects than when it was at a distance. That was that the perspective information of 360-degree images shifted the subjects’ vergence. This suggests that the perspective information of the images provided observers with high-quality depth information that guided their vergence toward the target position. Furthermore, this effect was observed not only for static targets, but also for moving targets.