Toto (Japan)

Osteoporosis causes fractures which further increase the disease burden of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), however, osteoporosis treatment rates remain low. While several studies have reported that biologic or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) can prevent or improve osteoporosis in RA, our large-scale, real-world study showed that 1 year-b/tsDMARDs use did not arrest osteoporosis progression. This study aimed to examine longer-term changes in bone mineral density (BMD). BMD was observed for up to 5 years in patients receiving b/tsDMARDs for active RA. The primary endpoint was change in BMD (T-score), and the secondary endpoint was change in T-score-related factors. In total, 797 patients (anti-osteoporosis (-), n = 645; anti-osteoporosis (+), n = 152) were included, with a median 3.1-year follow-up (2,489 patient-years). Clinical disease activity index (CDAI) improved in both groups (26.0/24.4 → 6.6/6.8). T-scores decreased significantly in the femoral neck and radius in the anti-osteoporosis (-) group but not in the anti-osteoporosis (+) group [anti-osteoporosis (-): mean change -0.11/-0.33, both p < 0.001; anti-osteoporosis (+):-0.01/-0.10, p = 0.830/0.071]. Overall, 460 patients (58%) experienced a decrease in T-score. A high baseline T-score correlated with a subsequent decrease, while longer osteoporosis treatment duration correlated with an increase. Unexpectedly, the duration of b/tsDMARD use and mean CDAI during observation were not associated with BMD maintenance. Even when RA activity was controlled with b/tsDMARDs, BMD still decreased. This study emphasizes the importance of considering osteoporosis as an independent aspect of RA, beyond inflammation control.

Science's "mandate" to discover the "true underlying reality" of the physical universe bestowed upon it by Humanity (e.g., which would allow Humanity to lead and "truthful-meaningful existence!) is dependent upon Science's (strict) adherence to Kuhn's "Stringent Scientific Criteria" for the acceptance of any "New Scientific Paradigm" – forcing Science to accept any such NSP (e.g., as more valid than the previous "Old Standard Paradigm", after the latter reaches a state of a "Paradigmatic-Crisis")! Hence, the New "G-D's Physics" Scientific Paradigm is "crowned" by Science as the New Twenty-First Century's Physics Paradigm based on the satisfaction of these (Kuhn's) "Strict Scientific Criteria" by "G-D's Physics" New Paradigm! Significantly, this New "G-D's Physics" Paradigm is shown capable of unifying GRT &amp; QM, as well as the Four basic Forces and Four Physical Features (of "space", "time", "energy" and "mass") for the first time in Physics! Moreover, based on two (novel and profound) "Computational Invariance Principle" and associated "Universal Consciousness Reality" (UCR) "G-D's Physics" New Physics Paradigm evinces the singularity of this "UCR" – as underlying and transcending the constraints of the physical universe – and leading the entire physical universe (and Humanity) towards the fulfillment of its "Ultimate Perfected Geulah Goal State", i.e., in which Science and Humanity will recognize the singularity of this UCR, alongside its "sublime" characteristics of "All-Goodness", "Morality", "Peace" &amp; "Harmony" which therefore must also characterize Humanity's (prospective) state of existence – brought about by Science's current acceptance of "G-D's Physics" New Twenty-First Century's Scientific Paradigm! A call is made to all Astronomers, Cosmologists and Experimental Physicists to directly communicate with Dr. Bentovish (drbentwich@ gmail.com) to further validate "G-D's Physics" (unique) "Critical Predictions".

Constructive research is a method for elucidating the mechanisms of phenomena that are difficult to measure. In constructive research, the aim is to elucidate real phenomena by simulating events using available data. Methods for simulating reproduction include humanoid robots and computer simulations. We conducted a study to reproduce swallowing movements using computer simulations and reported an example of simulating organ movements. In this study, in order to examine the suitability of the muscle synergy hypothesis, we estimated muscle activity rates using a musculoskeletal model created based on 4D CT of swallowing and the three-dimensional configuration of muscles, and performed muscle synergy analysis using the estimated muscle activity rates. As a result, multiple spatial patterns were suggested for the muscle synergy model, which we report here with a neurological examination.

Increased use of electronic devices such as smartphones has led to an increase in neck and shoulder stiffness to the forefront of the public people. It is said that prolonged posture with the head tilted forward causes excessive muscle activity in the head and neck region, resulting in muscle fatigue symptoms such as stiff shoulders. Various bathing methods have been proposed as a means of recovering from muscle stiffness, and in particular, contrast water therapy (CWT) is said to be highly effective in recovering from muscle fatigue. In the present study, we examined the effect of CWT with hot and cold stimulation of the neck and shoulders (CWTNS) on muscle fatigue recovery. As the result, in the CWTNS condition, the effects of vasodilation and vasoconstriction were observed, and muscle hardness was significantly lower than that in the Control condition in 20 subjects (2 males, 18 females). Stress hormones were also decreased during and after bathing compared to those before bathing. These results motivate further exploration of the possibility that the effects of CWTNS could be muscle-recovery without high stress load.

Cet article se penche sur la réflexivité des enquêté·e·s et sur les outils permettant de la saisir. Il s’intéresse en particulier à l’étude du processus de création d’une image comme moyen d’analyser le regard des créateur·rice·s, car permettant d’objectiver leur conscience réflexive. À travers le cas d’un projet artistique, l’article met en exergue la corrélation entre pratique de dessin, réflexivité et regard. Il s’agit de montrer en quoi l’étude du processus de création aide à saisir l’être au monde des enquêté·e·s, en mettant en lumière les dynamiques culturelles et sociales qui traversent et influencent leurs choix artistiques. L’article apporte un exemple d’observation indirecte du regard et de co-production des données.

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Abstract Under anaerobic conditions, thioanisole derivatives bearing a thiomethyl group participated in dual carbon‐carbon bond‐forming reactions with maleimide derivatives in the presence of titanium dioxide. Blue light irradiation facilitated these reactions, producing thiochromenopyrroledione derivatives and nearly equimolar quantities of succinimide derivatives. Specifically, a thiochromenopyrroledione derivative formed from thioanisole and N‐benzylmaleimide was achieved with a 43% yield after 12 hours of blue light exposure (&gt;420 nm), approaching its theoretical maximum yield of 50%. Without titanium dioxide, the reaction remained dormant. Our investigations with five varieties of 4‐substituted thioanisoles and four N‐substituted maleimides as precursors resulted in the synthesis of 20 distinct thiochromenopyrroledione derivatives with moderate to high yields. From observed substituent effects, we postulate that this reaction proceeds through a charge transfer from thioanisole to the conduction band of titanium dioxide during blue light irradiation, initiating the one‐electron oxidation of thioanisole and subsequent generation of α‐thioalkyl radicals via deprotonation.