Unichristus

Candidiasis, caused by yeasts of the Candida genus, is increasingly characterized by a high prevalence of clinical isolates resistant to conventional antifungals, rendering the development of novel therapeutic strategies paramount. Drug repurposing has emerged as a key strategy, utilizing established pharmaceuticals for indications beyond their original design; notably, haloperidol (HAL) has shown promising antimicrobial potential. In this context, the present study evaluates the activity of haloperidol, both as a monotherapy and in combination with conventional antifungals, against fluconazole-susceptible and fluconazole-resistant Candida spp. clinical strains. Furthermore, we investigate the underlying mechanisms of its antifungal action. Experimental approaches included broth microdilution assays to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), checkerboard assays for synergistic analysis, and cellular assessments via flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Haloperidol displayed MIC values between 26.67 and 256 μg/mL. Synergistic interactions were identified between haloperidol and the azoles fluconazole and itraconazole, alongside a 2.5 % synergy rate with amphotericin B. Additionally, mechanistic assays confirmed that haloperidol induces programmed cell death (apoptosis) in C. albicans and C. auris strains. The oxidative stress caused by haloperidol altered Ca2+ homeostasis, followed by mitochondrial membrane depolarization, reduced ATP production, cytochrome c release into the cytosol and metacaspase activation, reduced viability, phosphatidylserine externalization, promoted fragmentation, damage and methylation of DNA. It also induced expression of genes related to oxidative stress. It reduced mitochondrial depolarization and decreased the reduction of glutathione (GSH), causing morphological alterations. The results suggest the apoptotic pathway as the main antifungal mechanism of haloperidol.

This work aims to present a 10-year follow-up of a young patient who underwent treatment with collagen matrix (CM) combined with enamel matrix derivative (EMD) for bilateral gingival recessions in the maxillary canine region. The patient, a 25-year-old woman, presented with bilateral Cairo type 1 recessions. A porcine-derived CM in combination with EMD was applied to the affected area after coronally positioned flaps. Over the subsequent decade, the patient was monitored for key follow-up parameters, that is, wound closure, root coverage, functional and aesthetic outcomes, and adverse events. Clinical evaluations at regular intervals demonstrated complete and sustained root coverage, stable tissue volume, excellent functional and aesthetic recovery, and absence of any complications. This long-term follow-up suggests that the use of CM in combination with EMD may provide a durable and effective solution for soft tissue defects, with sustained positive results observed over a 10-year period. These findings reinforce the long-term efficacy and safety of the combined use of CM and EMD for the treatment of gingival recessions. Successful use of biomaterials (collagen matrix and enamel matrix-derived proteins) in covering exposed roots. Rare postoperative follow-up of a decade of combined use of biomaterials in soft tissue reconstruction. This case demonstrates a decade-long follow-up of the combined use of a collagen matrix and enamel matrix-derived proteins in coronally advanced flaps for soft tissue reconstruction to cover exposed roots. This follow-up will help clinicians choose biomaterials to replace autogenous connective tissue grafts, thereby reducing surgical time, pain, and postoperative discomfort for the patient, while avoiding adverse events such as excessive bleeding, analgesic consumption, and the risk of tissue necrosis in donor sites.

Transgender men are people who were biologically assigned female at birth but identify as men. It is important to consider the impacts of testosterone and reassignment surgery on fertility. Hormone therapy can compromise ovarian function, and surgery can result in the irreversible loss of reproductive capacity. Fertility preservation has emerged as a viable option for those who wish to have biological children. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this method in trans men, analyze the ovarian response to hormonal stimulation, and investigate the impact of the duration of therapy on the quality and quantity of oocytes. PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS databases were consulted, with articles from 2015 to 2025 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, following the PRISMA guide. The data was organized in Microsoft Excel tables. Case, cohort, cross-sectional, prospective, and retrospective studies were included, excluding articles out of scope, unavailable, used animals, and reviews. Initially, 404 articles were identified, with four duplicates excluded. After screening, 25 articles remained for full reading, of which 13 were analyzed. The duration of hormone therapy varied between 2 and 12 years among the patients in the studies analyzed, and only one patient did not have sufficient data due to the absence of embryo transfer. The studies showed promising results for egg cryopreservation, even with prolonged use of testosterone, but there are still no definitive conclusions about the long-term effect on fertility. This review contributes to the understanding of fertility in trans men and their reproductive alternatives.

To evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the prevention of trismus in patients undergoing Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), through a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 46 patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC) were included. Patients were equally and randomly allocated to PBMT and PBMT placebo groups and were evaluated daily by measuring mouth opening, pain during mouth opening, and pain on palpation of the masticatory muscles using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). An extraoral infrared laser (~ 808 nm), power of 0.1 W, energy of 3 J, 30 s (107 J/cm²) per point was used, applied extraorally to the anterior temporalis (AT), masseter (MM), and temporomandibular joints (TMJ), and intraorally to the medial pterygoid muscle (MP). The Food Quality Inventory (ASGP) and quality of life analysis (QoL) (OHIP-14) were also applied. Statistical analysis included Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and linear regression models (p < 0.05). Patients in the PBMT group showed a significantly smaller reduction in mouth opening during radiotherapy compared to the placebo group (p = 0.005), as well as a lower prevalence of masticatory muscle pain and grade 1 trismus (p = 0.002). No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding the decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT), the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), or the Anderson Symptom and Overall Performance scores (p > 0.05). Mouth opening did not differ between the groups at the six-month follow-up. Photobiomodulation therapy was effective in preventing trismus and masticatory muscle pain during radiotherapy. Clinical Trial Registration Clinical trial number: RBR-67qxnt9 (registered on 16/04/2025).

O câncer de próstata (CP) é uma das principais causas de mortalidade entre homens no Brasil e seu estadiamento está relacionado às características socioeconômicas das regiões brasileiras, que quanto menos desenvolvidas menos têm acesso aos serviços de saúde. Este estudo visa traçar um perfil epidemiológico do estadiamento do CP nas regiões brasileiras entre os anos de 2015 e 2025. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico descritivo de abordagem quantitativa e de base populacional com dados secundários do Estadiamento de Câncer Prostático nas Regiões Brasileiras, a partir da análise dos dados secundários disponibilizados no DATASUS – Informações de Saúde (TABNET) em fevereiro de 2026. Foram coletados dados da sessão Epidemiológicas e Morbidade do Tempo até o início do tratamento oncológico – PAINEL - oncologia, tendo como amostra os casos de pacientes com CP em estágio 0 a 4 entre 2015 e 2025. Foram registrados 394.058 casos de CP no Brasil entre 2015 e 2025, sendo predominante no Sudeste (49,7%) e no Nordeste (23,9%), sugerindo que os cidadãos dessas regiões estão mais expostos a fatores de riscos genéticos e ambientais, são diagnosticados tardiamente, não têm acesso equitativo à saúde ou têm uma estrutura inadequada para tratamento.

Objective: this study aimed to determine the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract from Calycophyllum spruceanum barks (HECSb) on behavioral models and neurochemical markers. Methods: swiss mice (N=72) received HECSb orally (100 mg kg–1) for evaluation in the tests (open field, hole board, plus maze, and tail suspension) and quantification for malondialdehyde-MDA and reduced glutathione-GSH) in brain areas (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and corpus striatum). Results: HECSb reduced the crossing number (45.25 ± 38.63 vs. saline: 83.87 ± 38.63); increased the frequency of head dips (32.57 ± 13.14 vs. saline: 19.42 ± 13.14), exploration time (19.12 ± 10.84 vs. saline: 8.28 ± 10.84 s) and permanence time in open-arms (98.28 ± 65.71 vs. saline: 32.57 ± 65.71 s) and reduced closed-arm entries (8.35 ± 7.8 vs. saline: 16.25 ± 7.8), whereas unaltered the immobilization time (63.71±12.69s vs. saline: 50.28±5.13s). Besides, HECSb increased GSH in corpus striatum (683.3 ± 118.1 vs. saline: 565.2 ± 118.1 μg/g) and MDA in prefrontal cortex (345.1 ± 191.9 vs. saline:153.2 ± 191.9 nmol/g). Conclusion: HECSb presents anxiolytic effects in mice via modulation of the brain oxidative stress. Keywords: anxiolytic effect. depression. experimental models. oxidative balance. amazonian plant.

As disciplinas do ciclo básico da saúde possuem certo grau de complexidade no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Portanto, é crucial saber utilizar estratégias dinâmicas e quais são seus resultados práticos, que poderão ajudar os estudantes a revisar e fixar o conteúdo.

Alcoholic hepatitis is a form of acute liver injury with significant morbidity and mortality. Several scoring systems have been developed and used to predict mortality, including Maddrey's discriminant function (MDF), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), and modified MELD including sodium (MELD-Na). We conducted a systematic review of Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to compare the accuracy of these scores in alcoholic hepatitis mortality prediction. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of MDF for mortality prediction in 28 days were 0.898 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.777-0.957, I2 = 0%] and 0.370 (95% CI: 0.271-0.482, I2 = 78%), respectively; in 90 days, they were 0.898 (95% CI: 0.799-0.951, I2=21%) and 0.346 (95% CI: 0.246-0.463, I2 = 88%), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of MELD for mortality prediction in 28 days were 0.862 (95% CI: 0.755-0.926, I2 = 0%) and 0.697 (95% CI: 0.552-0.812, I2 = 82%), respectively; in 90 days, they were 0.884 (95% CI: 0.802-0.935, I2 = 21%) and 0.557 (95% CI: 0.300-0.787, I2 = 96%), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of MELD-Na for mortality prediction in 28 days were 0.652 (95% CI: 0.429-0.823, I2 = 79%) and 0.757 (95% CI: 0.666-0.830, I2 = 91%), respectively; in 90 days, they were 0.701 (95% CI: 0.661-0.737, I2 = 53%) and 0.816 (95% CI: 0.711-0.888, I2 = 94%), respectively. No significant statistical difference was observed when comparing area under the curve of these scores.

O envelhecimento feminino, particularmente durante a transição menopausal, está associado a alterações hormonais que intensificam processos inflamatórios e desfechos cardiometabólicos. Esta revisão objetiva analisar a relação entre a terapia hormonal, a menopausa, o estilo de vida e o risco cardiometabólico em ensaios comunitários controlados. Consiste em uma revisão integrativa da literatura, desenvolvida a partir de buscas realizadas em dezembro de 2025 nas bases de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e PubMed.Os estudos mostram que a combinação entre terapia hormonal e mudanças no estilo de vida reduz o risco cardiometabólico em mulheres na menopausa. Os melhores resultados ocorrem com indicação adequada, início oportuno e abordagem multiprofissional, favorecendo adesão e melhores desfechos em saúde. Assim, a combinação entre a terapia de reposição hormonal e intervenções no estilo de vida promove benefícios consistentes na redução do risco cardiometabólico em mulheres na menopausa, sobretudo quando a terapia é indicada de forma adequada e iniciada precocemente. Essa estratégia integrada mostra-se viável em contextos comunitários e reforça a importância de abordagens individualizadas e multiprofissionais para a promoção do envelhecimento saudável.