Universidad Católica Santo Domingo

The general objective of this research is to compare the levels of adaptation and academic performance of students aged 12-16 at the Hogar Escuela Rosa Duarte boarding school. Through the specific objectives, it was sought to identify the levels of adaptation in the following areas: family, health, social, emotional, and to determine the type of academic performance that the students present, including identifying the highest and lowest index of adaptability that they own. The methodological order used is a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design. For the process of measuring the variables, the Adaptation Questionnaire for Adolescents (CAPA-ADO) and the record of qualifications of the Rosa Duarte Home School were used. According to the results obtained by the measurement instruments, it was determined that there is a difference between the adaptation levels of the students who live in the boarding school, and those who live with their parents, but it is a very low difference, that is, a 7% of the boarding school have a better adaptation than living with their parents, however, those who live with their parents have a better academic performance 5% than those of the boarding school. The highest index of adaptability corresponds to the social area, where it was observed that the students who live with their parents have a better social adaptation of one (3%) than those who live in the boarding school. Regarding the lower index of adaptability, it is associated with family adaptation, showing that 10% of the boarding school has a better family adaptation, than those who live with their parents.

<title>Abstract</title> Background Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a priority health challenge due to its prevalence and the clinical impact of poor glycemic control. Behavioral determinants play a central role in modulating metabolic outcomes within nursing practice. Aim: To determine the impact of behavioral determinants on glycemic control in adults with T2DM from a translational nursing perspective. Methods: Systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Observational studies and randomized clinical trials evaluating self-care, self-efficacy, health literacy, and glycemic control (HbA1c) were included. Data were integrated using traceability and critical evidence matrices to normalize heterogeneous statistical metrics. Results: Nursing-led interventions and the strengthening of self-efficacy and self-care are associated with clinically significant improvements in HbA1c. Conversely, low health literacy was identified as a critical risk factor for metabolic poor control. Conclusion: Behavioral determinants are the main modulators of glycemic control in T2DM. Translational nursing emerges as a strategic axis for transforming scientific evidence into high-impact clinical interventions.

Dominican amber from the La Cumbre deposit exhibits a variety of colors, ranging from the more common yellow and red to those showing distinctive blue and bluish-green daylight-induced fluorescence. The study aimed to investigate its internal fabric and geochemical composition using stereoscopic and scanning electron microscopy, CHNS elemental analysis, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to discuss the possible factors that might have contributed to the exceptional properties of this amber. The results revealed striking microstructural features such as (i) a more or less regular network of three-dimensional domains, resembling desiccation structures, with interstices filled with clays and carbonates (resembling the desiccation pattern), (ii) a foam-like texture, with embedded mineral inclusions of Fe, Zn, Ti, and Cu. These features suggest that thermal processes, likely linked to the volcanic activity and/or local forest fires, contributed to the resins' transformation during the fossilization. The fluorescent blue and green hues are typically restricted to the superficial fossilized tree resin layers of variable thickness (from several to several dozen mm) and well correlate with the structural irregularities rather than uniform chemical markers. However, the presence of perylene in one blue specimen and clerodane-type biomarkers may suggest some impact of microbial or fungal activity on the coloration phenomena. The green amber displays unusual chemical signatures, including elevated oxygen content and uncyclized hydrocarbons, hinting at less mature polymerization processes. These findings point to a complex interaction of geological and biological factors shaped by environmental conditions during and after resin exudation in La Cumbre. Possibly volcanism, local fires, and also biogenic degradation by fungi contributed to the present shape, color, internal fabric, and fluorescent properties of Dominican amber from the La Cumbre deposit.

Learning outcomes Case overview/synopsis Industrias San Miguel (ISM) was established in Perú in 1988. In 2005, it expanded internationally, building a modern bottling plant in the Dominican Republic, attracted by a law that encouraged investments in the poorer provinces of the country. In 2012, it set up a plant in Brazil. By 2020, ISM had four plants and produced 700 million liters of beverages per year. The plant in the Dominican Republic was built in the province Santiago Rodríguez, which is close to the Haitian border, exploiting the tax advantages offered by law 28–01 for a period of 20 years. The law encouraged the establishment of industries in the provinces closest to the Haitian border which are among the poorest in the country at the time. The plant employed, at the time of the case, 1,600 people directly and another 12,000 indirectly in the Dominican Republic, of which 500 direct jobs and 800 indirect ones were in Santiago Rodríguez. As it was envisaged that the financial incentives given by the law would lapse in two years’ time, Arturo Marroquín, the general manager, called a management meeting to consider the different alternatives regarding the future of the company. The company lawyer indicated that there was a remote chance that the incentives provided by the law could be extended for some time, but that the discontented bottlers located in Santo Domingo have lobbied for their termination as they considered the incentives equaled to unfair competition supported by the government. Arturo Marroquín closed the meeting and decided to work on a proposal to the board of directors about the future of the company. The dilemmatic nature of the case invites participants to consider socio-geographical, tax, incentives, key regulatory issues marketing consequences, reputation and CSR repercussions to make managerial decisions, all of which may have dramatic impacts on the firm. The decision to move the plant or not must rest on all variables, regardless of whether they are quantifiable or not. Complexity academic level MBA, executive and postgraduate. Supplementary material Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

Spike-in normalization enables quantitative analysis of ChIP-sequencing (ChIP-seq) signal. Here we introduce a novel robust dual-spike-in normalization approach for ChIP-seq (ChIP-wrangler). We identify optimal conditions, such as the ratio between the spike-in species and the target, demonstrate the ability of this approach to detect technical artefacts, and use ChIP-wrangler to revisit recent claims that active histone marks are dependent on transcription. Concerned that previous studies improperly used spike-in normalization to arrive at their conclusions, we used ChIP-wrangler to show that acute depletion of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) has only a modest impact on the levels of H3K4me3 and H3K27ac. In line with other studies, our results provide proof that the maintenance of histone acetylation is not merely a consequence of ongoing transcription. Further, we show that promoters and enhancers are differentially impacted by inhibiting transcription. Specifically, of the 5.9% peaks that showed a decrease in H3K27ac following depletion of RNAPII, 82% are promoter-distal and contain enhancer-related DNA binding motifs. Further, the small subset of regions that gain acetylation (0.35%) were enriched for stress response motifs. Our innovative ChIP-seq normalization approach provides increased rigor and “guardrails” for successful spike-in normalization, and as applied here refines the understanding of the intricate crosstalk between RNAPII activity and histone marks associated with transcription.

The earliest responses of pathogenic bacteria to antibiotics can affect the outcome of an infection. While long-term adaptations have been extensively studied, the immediate transcriptional changes that unfold immediately following antibiotic exposure remain poorly understood. Here, we applied iModulon analysis to time-resolved transcriptomic data from Escherichia coli exposed to subinhibitory concentrations of two antibiotics (ampicillin and ciprofloxacin), capturing transcriptional regulatory changes occurring within the first 30 minutes of exposure. This analysis reveals an integrated, three-phase response: an immediate and sustained primary response that broadly activates stress programs, a transient secondary response that restores redox balance, and a tertiary response that supports long-term survival through metabolic remodeling and antibiotic-specific defenses. These results highlight a coordinated and dynamic regulatory strategy describing how metabolic, redox, and stress responses are integrated to manage the physiological challenges of antibiotic stress. By disentangling these overlapping transcriptional regulatory programs, this work offers a genome-scale understanding of how survival mechanisms unfold during the critical moments following antibiotic exposure. The study opens new directions for investigating early survival mechanisms and the possible identification of new targets to disrupt the initial adaptation process.

The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between planning, institutional management, and pedagogical management in a public secondary technical-vocational school through a descriptive empirical case study. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach, integrating observation, interviews, structured questionnaires, and document analysis techniques, applied to administrators, teachers, and students. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and interpretive analysis, organized around the dimensions of planning and institutional management, pedagogical management, and contextual conditions. The results show that the school has formal planning instruments that are used systematically, which fosters institutional organization and coherence in pedagogical processes. In this regard, a correspondence was observed between teacher planning, teaching and learning practices, and competency-based assessment, accompanied by positive perceptions from both teachers and students. However, contextual limitations related to overcrowding and physical infrastructure were identified. It is confirmed that planning and institutional management constitute relevant supports for the development of pedagogical management, conditioned by the context in which they are implemented.

Working memory representations of multiple items are not encoded independently, but interact with each other across different hierarchical levels of representation. For example, individual item representations can be biased toward gist-level representations (Chunharas & Brady, 2023). Yet their potential benefits for memory performance remain unclear. While some researchers hypothesize that combining gist and item-based representations leads to more precise memory with increased gist-based bias, quantitative evidence supporting this hypothesis is lacking. To address this gap, we developed a computational model that implements a weighted summation of the familiarity signals that contribute to gist and single-item representations. Our model predicts the full shape of error distributions in tasks where people use gist and item memories. This modeling revealed that previously observed precision-bias trade-off can be explained by increased weighting of gist representations when stimuli are highly similar. The model further predicted that within-trial stimuli would show variable precision depending on their similarity to the gist-level representation. We validated these predictions by fitting our model to existing experimental data (Utochkin & Brady, 2020). As predicted, we found an inverse relationship between gist representation weighting and stimulus similarity. Critically, reanalysis of the data confirmed that stimuli more similar to the gist showed better precision than dissimilar items within the same trial, aligning with our model's predictions. To determine whether chunking occurs through representation combination or swap-like replacement of individual items, we compared our model against two alternatives: a gist-only model and an individual item-only model. Our model outperformed both alternatives, suggesting that chunking in working memory operates through adaptive combination of single-item and gist-level representations rather than through simple replacement. Overall, the model provided a unified account of how working memory balances between precision and compression through dynamic weighting of representation combination. Furthermore, the model demonstrated a connection between chunking and ensemble perception.