Universidad Católica de Honduras Nuestra Señora Reina de la Paz

El síndrome de Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) es un trastorno pre-excitatorio caracterizado por una vía accesoria entre aurículas y ventrículos, que puede generar arritmias graves, incluso muerte súbita. A menudo es asintomático y se detecta incidentalmente mediante un electrocardiograma (ECG). Este caso describe a un paciente masculino de 39 años con antecedentes de arritmias, manejado inicialmente con bisoprolol. Tras presentar episodios recurrentes de palpitaciones y disnea, se confirmó el diagnóstico de WPW con ECG y Holter, identificando una vía accesoria lateral derecha. El manejo incluyó tratamiento expectante y seguimiento en espera de ablación. La ablación con catéter es el tratamiento de primera línea en pacientes sintomáticos o con alto riesgo, con pronóstico favorable si se realiza a tiempo.

Introducción: El cáncer colorrectal en 2020 se presentaron un total de casos de 19,292,789 a nivel mundial y en Honduras, representó el quinto lugar un aproximado de 609 casos (5.7%) de un total de 10,628 casos con una mortalidad de 3.5% para cáncer de colon y 1.6% para cáncer de recto. Metodología: Se investigó a pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer colorrectal en tratamiento en el Hospital Liga Contra el Cáncer durante el periodo de 2014 a 2020, realizando un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo por medio de expedientes clínicos. Resultados: La edad media fue de 59 años, en un rango de edad de 61-70 años, afectó más a los hombres, el estadio con más frecuencia, el estadio III, tipo histológico fue el adenocarcinoma, el tratamiento más indicado es médico quirúrgico y más utilizada la hemicolectomía derecha y la quimiorradiación. Conclusión: El perfil de los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal, en cuanto a relación de literatura y los resultados encontrados, se encontraron similitudes, el género más frecuente es el género masculino, entre edades de 60 a 70 años, que concordaron con este estudio, además de ser la región noroccidental en un 86% de la población de estudio, en factores heredofamiliares el 15% de nuestra población de estudio presentó antecedentes de cáncer colorrectal en familia de primer grado y además en hábitos tóxicos no hubo relación entre literatura y este estudio.

Objetivo. Analizar los estilos de liderazgo de los directivos en pequeñas y medianas empresas del sector comercio en Tegucigalpa y su relación con la calidad de los procesos y la gestión administrativa. Método. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo con un alcance correlacional y un diseño no experimental transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 372 empresas del sector comercio en Tegucigalpa. Resultados. Se identificó que el liderazgo transaccional predomina en las pequeñas empresas, mientras que el liderazgo por resultados es más frecuente en las medianas empresas. Además, se encontró una relación significativa entre los estilos de liderazgo y la calidad de los procesos, así como con la gestión administrativa. Conclusiones. Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de adaptar los estilos de liderazgo según el tamaño y las características de la empresa, evidenciando que un liderazgo adecuado fortalece la gestión organizacional y contribuye a la mejora continua de los procesos en las pequeñas y medianas empresas.

Holiday Heart Syndrome (HHS) is a condition characterised by the development of atrial fibrillation (AF) and other tachyarrhythmias following episodes of binge drinking in individuals without pre-existing cardiac disease. As the binge drinking rate rises worldwide, it is increasingly important to understand the pathophysiology, epidemiology, and clinical significance of this syndrome. The objective of this literature review is to synthesise current evidence on the relationship between binge alcohol drinking and AF, exploring the underlying mechanisms and risk factors associated with HHS. A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane databases up to August 2024. Articles were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria, focusing on studies assessing the impact of acute alcohol intake on AF incidence. Studies evaluating chronic alcohol consumption, literature reviews, case series, and publications in languages other than English were excluded. A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising cohort and case-control studies. The findings consistently demonstrated a strong association between binge drinking and AF onset. Epidemiological evidence suggests that an increased incidence of new AF cases in individuals without structural heart disease can be attributed to alcohol consumption. Mechanistic insights identify several pathophysiological processes that contribute to the development of HHS, including autonomic dysregulation, ion channel modifications, and transient atrial structural changes. Acute alcohol consumption leads to increased sympathetic activity and reduced vagal tone, increasing heart rate variability and predisposing individuals to AF. Furthermore, alcohol has been shown to increase the activity of T-type calcium channels, which contributes to atrial ectopy and electrical instability. Structural alterations, such as reduced left atrial emptying fraction, have also been observed in binge drinkers, further supporting the link between alcohol and arrhythmogenesis. The evidence reviewed underscores the significant arrhythmogenic risk of binge drinking. While some studies suggest a J-shaped relationship between alcohol intake and AF risk, binge drinking consistently appears as a major trigger. However, variability in study populations and methodologies necessitates further research to establish safe consumption thresholds and interventions. Most studies relied on self-reported alcohol intake, with inconsistent screening methods, and physiological assessments included electrocardiogram monitoring and blood alcohol level measurements. This review highlights the significant role of binge drinking in the pathogenesis of HHS, stressing the need for targeted public health interventions and personalised patient counselling. Future research should prioritise longitudinal studies to improve risk assessment models and clarify the long-term cardiovascular impacts of alcohol-induced AF. Clinicians are encouraged to routinely screen for alcohol use, particularly in patients with a history of arrhythmias, to help prevent recurrent episodes and minimise associated complications.

This case report describes a 23-year-old male who was incidentally diagnosed with Caroli disease while investigating symptoms of recurrent upper quadrant pain and fever. Imagining studies, including magnetic resonance cholangiography revealed the “central dot sign,” which is pathognomonic for this condition, along with cystic dilatations of the intrahepatic bile ducts and the presence of biliary stones. The diagnosis was confirmed and treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid led to a notable reduction in symptoms. This case underscores the need for further research and understanding to develop more effective diagnostic and treatment strategies. Regular follow-up remains essential for managing disease progression and preventing complications.

Perforation of Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is rare, particularly by foreign body. High index of suspicion and thorough intraoperative assessment is needed in patients undergoing surgery for acute appendicitis, specifically when appendix appears normal. Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. While often asymptomatic, it can present with several complications. Perforation due to foreign body ingestion is rare but can have severe consequences if late diagnosis occurs. A 13-year-old male, initially suspected of acute appendicitis, was eventually diagnosed with perforation of MD by a wood splinter-like foreign body after intraoperative assessment. Histological analysis revealed ectopic colonic tissue within the MD, a finding whose implications are not well understood, in contrast with the well-established complications associated with ectopic gastric and pancreatic tissues. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of MD, which can mimic acute appendicitis, emphasizing the need for high suspicion when faced with atypical clinical presentation such as foreign body-induced perforation. Although surgical resection of asymptomatic MD remains controversial, we recommend a case-specific approach based on risk factors to guide decision-making on surgical resection for asymptomatic MD.

Background The thoracic ultrasound (TUS) is a monitoring tool that has gained worldwide popularity in various scenarios, offering the opportunity for dynamic, bedside evaluations. Recent studies indicate that the use of TUS enables the diagnosis of pathologies resulting from blunt chest trauma (BCT), yielding favorable outcomes. This study aimed to compare the utility of TUS versus chest radiography (CXR) in diagnosing pulmonary pathologies resulting from closed-chest traumas. Methodology A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 58 patients diagnosed with BCT who sought emergency care at the "Dr. Luis Razetti" University Hospital in Barcelona, Venezuela, from November 2023 to January 2024. Results Of the patients, 75.9% (n = 44) were male, with an average age of 37.8 years (standard deviation = 18.4 years). Injuries were reported in 8.6% (n = 5) of the patients, including 60% (n = 3) pneumothorax and 40% (n = 2) hemothorax. Ultrasound results coincided with CXR in 94.8% (n = 55) of the cases, with a Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.642-1.0). TUS demonstrated higher sensitivity than CXR (100% vs. 60%) for detecting hemothorax and pneumothorax in patients with BCT, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.991 (95% CI = 0.968-1.013). Conclusions BCT predominantly occurred in young males, resulting primarily in pneumothorax and hemothorax lesions, detectable with higher sensitivity through TUS compared to CXR. The use of TUS should be considered an essential component of the initial assessment for individuals with BCT.

The rise of robotic surgery throughout the world, particularly in Latin America, justifies an objective evaluation of research in this field. This study aimed to use bibliometric techniques to identify the research trends and patterns of robotic surgery in Latin America. The research strategy used the terms "Robotic," "Surgery," and the name of all the Latin American countries, in all fields and collections of Web of Science database. Only original articles published between 2009 and 2022 were included. The software Rayyan, Bibliometric in the R Studio, and VOSViewer were used to develop the analyses. After screening, 96 articles were included from 60 different journals. There was a 22.51% annual increase in the scientific production of robotic surgery in the period studied. The more frequent topics by specialty were: Urology (35.4%), General Surgery (34.4%), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (12%). International cooperation was observed in 65.62% of the studies. The Latin American institution with the highest production of manuscripts was the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Mexico, Chile, and Brazil were, in descending order, the nations with the highest number of corresponding authors and total citations. When considering the total number of articles, Brazil ranked ahead of Chile. Scientific production regarding robotic surgery in Latin America has experienced accelerated growth since its beginning, supported by the high degree of collaboration with leading countries in the field.

En la actualidad existe una gran preocupación por el futuro. Nos interesa el legado que dejamos para las futuras generaciones, tanto en el orden de lo cultural como de los recursos naturales. Este interés hace que nos preocupemos por situaciones climáticas a nivel mundial y que nos preguntemos por el futuro del trabajo y de la formación humana en épocas de la inteligencia artificial. Nuestro interés por el futuro no es simplemente el interés curioso de la adivinación, sino que nos motiva un compromiso por lo que somos como seres humanos, por nuestra dignidad y por las condiciones que estamos legando para que nuestros herederos sean capaces de hacer en el futuro lo mismo que nosotros, e incluso mejor.