Universidad Ort Uruguay

We are delighted to present Issue 1 of Clepsidra, a journal promoted by the Uruguayan Society of Mathematics Education to open and sustain a space we consider essential: a place for professional and academic exchange where teaching practice and research in mathematics education can meet, dialogue, and strengthen each other. Clepsidra is born with a clear vocation: to strengthen the Uruguayan community of teachers, teacher educators, and researchers and, at the same time, to connect it with regional and international conversations that help us see the current directions of the field of mathematics education. We hope this journal will be both an entry point and a meeting place: to share proposals, discuss ideas, make local work visible, and build—issue by issue—a more articulated, reflective community open to the world. In Uruguay, since Reloj de Agua ceased publication, a valuable thread was interrupted: having a journal that could sustain continuity in the professional and academic conversation in mathematics education. Clepsidra is born explicitly to take up and continue that project, acknowledging what Reloj de Agua meant as a space for circulation, exchange, and community building. At the same time, this new beginning does not aim only to recover a lost place, but to strengthen it: to broaden horizons, diversify voices, and reinforce the bridges between practice and research. We hope Clepsidra will help consolidate the Uruguayan community and, at the same time, connect it more strongly with the regional and international mathematics education community, inviting colleagues from the region and around the world to join this conversation to extend and enrich it. Clepsidra proposes a space in which teaching practice and research do not run on separate tracks, but meet in the concrete terrain of didactic decisions: what tasks are proposed, what mediations are built, what evidence receives attention, what assumptions are held, and how they are put to the test. For this reason, we aim to publish works that not only present results or narrate experiences, but also make explicit their foundations, choices, and learnings, so that other teachers and researchers can discuss, adapt, and recirculate those ideas.

From an ethical and practical perspective, three reflections on the use of artificial intelligence in education are proposed. These debates are updated iterations of age-old discussions, revitalized by this disruption. The first reflection seeks to protect users of generative artificial intelligence (GAI), especially individuals in training; it is inspired by the Hippocratic maxim primum non nocere (‘first, do no harm’).

Introducción. Los hábitos alimentarios adquiridos en la infancia influyen en los hábitos a futuro. Los productos ultraprocesados ocupan un lugar creciente en los patrones de consumo de alimentos de las poblaciones, tanto en adultos como en niños y, a su vez, se relacionan con el desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad. Por ese motivo y entre otros, los patrones de consumo de alimentos constituyen una preocupación para la salud pública. Objetivo. Evaluar los patrones de consumo de alimentos y sus efectos sobre el estado nutricional en dos instancias de observación de una cohorte de niños de Uruguay. Metodología. Estudio transversal analítico. Se incluyó a 969 niños de áreas urbanas, de 24 a 47 meses de edad. Fueron excluidos los prematuros y/o quienes presentaron enfermedades que limitan o impiden el movimiento. Los patrones alimentarios se construyeron mediante el análisis de clúster por método no jerárquico del algoritmo y sus efectos en el estado nutricional fueron estimados por modelos logísticos multinomiales. Se construyeron de tres a cinco patrones de consumo identificándose siempre la existencia de un patrón más saludable con menor consumo de productos ultraprocesados y bebidas azucaradas. Resultados. El patrón de consumo en la primera instancia influyó en la prevalencia de sobrepeso, obesidad y en el aumento de más de diez puntos percentilares en el índice de masa corporal, con una interacción positiva entre los patrones de consumo de ambas instancias. Conclusión. Los patrones de consumo en los primeros años de vida comienzan a mostrar su impacto, incluso antes de la edad escolar.

RESUMEN - La industria citrícola uruguaya está orientada principalmente a la exportación de fruta fresca. El mercado internacional de cítricos es competitivo, dinámico y exige cambios permanentes. A nivel nacional se encontró una brecha importante entre los conocimientos generados y las tecnologías utilizadas por las empresas en el manejo postcosecha de frutos cítricos. Por ello surgió la iniciativa de conformar una Red Tecnológica Sectorial para la innovación en postcosecha de frutos cítricos (ANII, RTS_1_2016_1_127275).ABSTRACT - The objective of the Uruguayan citrus industry is to export fresh fruit to different distant markets. The international citrus business is competitive, dynamic and demands permanent changes. In Uruguay, an important gap was found between the knowledge generated and the technologies incorporated by the companies in the postharvest handling of citrus fruits. For this reason, an inter-company network was created for innovation in postharvest of citrus fruits (ANII, RTS_1_2016_1_127275).

While agriculture is crucial to feeding people, it is strongly impacted by climate change and variability, and also contributes to it.Agriculture and land use change are responsible for around of greenhouse gas emissions from human activities (1) .Climate change already impacts the quantity, quality and geographic distribution of food production from agriculture.Projected impact shows that 10% and more than 30% of current food production areas will be unsuitable by 2050 and then 2100 respectively, under the high-emissions scenario SSP-8.5 (compared with less than 8% by 2100 under the scenario SSP1-2.6) (2).The negative effects of

This paper presents an automated knee rehabilitation system designed to assist patients during the gait cycle. The system utilizes a predictive model based on a neural network to generate trajectories of the knee motion from data captured by a motion capture system. Also, some control schemes, a PID, a Second Order Sliding Mode Control, and an Active Disturbance Rejection Control, were implemented to follow these trajectories, considering knee dynamics and external disturbances. Finally, the experimental setup was developed to implement and compare these controllers. This adaptable solution has potential applications for post-surgical patients, athletes, and children with motor difficulties.

Uruguay is known for its early and sustained incorporation of programs that foster the use of digital resources in public education. The country selected the mathematics education platform Bettermarks to support student education. This research analyzes data on access to and use of Bettermarks for mathematics education among secondary school students both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive and inferential statistical approach was used to analyze historical data on individual student interaction with the online learning activities. The findings revealed a notable increase in the coverage rate, rising from 22% to 49% from 2017 to 2020. Similarly, an upward trend was also observed in the activities completed by active users in 2020. The platform provided greater coverage, but no significant differences were observed in the activity rate between years. The analysis tested several hypotheses to elucidate heterogeneities in access and interaction among students using the digital resources. Statistically significant differences were observed in coverage and student activities, based on different factors.