Universidad Politécnica de Puebla

Purpose: This study aimed to (1) evaluate the behavior of Tenebrio molitor larvae when consuming EPS in the presence of maize grains to identify consumption patterns, and (2) assess the possibility of using FTIR-ATR analysis of untreated samples of plastic, frass and exuviae to determine discernable changes after the bingeing phase of EPS consumption versus the control group. Methodology: T. molitor larvae were obtained from Tuxtla Gutierrez Chiapas, México and the maize grains from Tlaxcala, México. The EPS consumption assays were done once a week and were expressed as the remaining percentage of EPS. FTIR-ATR analysis was performed on samples of plastic, frass and exuvia obtained from the EPS-maize treatments. Findings: Three distinct phases were identified in EPS consumption: an initial lag phase, a significant bingeing phase, and a stabilization phase with declining consumption. Maize addition triggered a new bingeing phase. FTIR-ATR revealed consistent spectral differences between control and EPS-exposed samples in plastic and frass, indicating that T.molitor larvae induce chemical modifications in EPS. EPS-derived compounds were detected in frass but not in exuviae, suggesting excretion of degradation byproducts but not accumulation in the cuticle. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: Direct FTIR-ATR measurements of untreated samples were sufficiently sensitive to distinguish differences among them, highlighting its utility as a rapid, non-destructive tool for preliminary biodegradation assessment. These results aim to improve entomoremediation strategies and enable more efficient evaluation of larval-mediated plastic degradation.

The field of visual and physiological optics is undergoing continuous significant advancements, driven by a deeper understanding of the human visual system and the development of cutting-edge optical technologies. This Roadmap, authored by leading experts, delves into critical areas such as corneal biomechanical properties, keratoconus, and advancements in corneal imaging and elastography. It explores the intricate structure-function relationship within the eye lens, offering new perspectives through lens models and ray tracing techniques. The document also covers advancements in retinal imaging, highlighting the current state and future directions, and the role of adaptive optics in evaluating retinal structure and function in both healthy and diseased eyes. Furthermore, it addresses the modeling of ocular surfaces using different mathematical functions and examines the factors affecting peripheral image quality in the human eye, emphasizing the importance of these aspects in visual performance. Additional topics include schematic and functional models of the human eye, the impact of optical and chromatic aberrations, and the design of contact, and intraocular lenses. Finally, the Roadmap addresses the intersection of neurosciences with vision health, presenting a comprehensive overview of current research and future trends aimed at improving visual health and optical performance. Ultimately, this Roadmap aims to serve as a valuable resource for ophthalmologists, optometrists, vision scientists, and engineers dedicated to advancing the field of visual and physiological optics.

Plants from the Brassicaceae family are characterized by their high content of glucosinolates (GSLs), whose hydrolysis products, isothiocyanates (ITC) or indole compounds, have been found to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and metabolic regulatory functions. In this work, we used a model of transformation using the MCF10A cell line, a non-tumorigenic breast fibrocystic disease cell line, treated with benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), a potent carcinogen known to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage. Broccoli sprout (BSE) or red cabbage aqueous (RCA) extracts were rich in ITC and indole compounds. Their use decreased B(a)P induced cellular proliferation and ROS production. in addition, RCA extract induced autophagy in MCF10A cells. Our results indicate a potential use of BSE or RCA for the prevention of carcinogen-induced transformation and of RCA as a method for autophagy, a tumor suppressor pathway, induction.

Abstract This study explores the role of cellulose paper composition—comprising holocellulose, hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin—on the physical and chemical properties of eco‐friendly green roof tiles. The investigation focuses on key performance metrics including hardness, water absorption, flammability, thermal stability, and overall composition. By incorporating recycled cellulose paper, these tiles not only contribute to reducing environmental waste but also support a circular economy in the construction industry. The results demonstrate that these eco‐friendly tiles exhibit a significant increase in hardness (20 HCR units higher than commercial tiles), a reduced water absorption rate of approximately 13%, and good ignition resistance up to 284 °C, enhancing their durability and fire safety. Advanced analytical techniques, including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), confirm the effective integration of cellulose fibers within the tile matrix, leading to a homogeneous chemical distribution. Statistical analysis further validates that these sustainable tiles outperform conventional materials in key performance areas. The findings emphasize the transformative potential of cellulose paper composition in creating sustainable, high‐performance roofing materials.

In this work, surface Tamm modes have been demonstrated to exist between a seminfinite 1D phosphorene-based crystal and a homogeneous dielectric material. We computed dispersion relations for surface Tamm modes propagating along one of the two principal directions in phosphorene (zig-zag and armchair directions). Surface Tamm mode decaying lengths are obtained for different charge carrier densities, which can be externally tuned via gate-voltage techniques in phosphorene. We have shown that these modes are plasmonic in nature, lying below light lines of external and interlayer dielectric media. Considering the conductivity model for phosphorene at low THz regime, we have also shown the existence of plasmonic bands for phosphorene-based crystals, showing that plasmonic mode coupling is possible for the THz frequency regimes.

In this work, a photodetector fabricated in standard CMOS 0.5 μm technology useful to detect UV radiation in the 250 nm to 296 nm range is presented. The photodetector consists of an NMOS floating-gate transistor (poly1 to poly2) with a 12 μm/0.6 μm aspect ratio and an input capacitor of 186 fF. Such floating-gate is made of n+ polysilicon surrounded by silicon oxide whose interface presents a barrier of 4.19 eV. Therefore, photoelectrons produced by the incidence of UV radiation (λ ≤296 nm) can cross the interface bandgap and be stored at the floating-gate producing a detectable potential change. The characterization of the transistor I-V curves allows the charge quantification at the floating-gate due to UV exposure; such characterization was done using monochromatic and non-monochromatic sources. The developed mathematical models agree with experimental data. An average responsivity of 4.5 μA/W was obtained, which can be easily improved by using extra circuitry as current amplifiers, op-amps or other analog stages also available in standard CMOS technology.

This work presents the design and implementation of a system for studying industrial automation in the classroom, enabling students to conduct automation practices using Siemens, Festo, and RealGames software. It complements their learning with physical digital devices connected to a computer to activate and deactivate both analog and digital inputs and outputs, as well as sensors and actuators connected through communication networks and bus-type protocols. This system allows for save cost in the classroom. With minimal investment, each student can have their own “PLC”; using an ESP32 microprocessor-based device. They can couple power components onto baseboards for the device and run the developed server, enabling the device to communicate and activate the specified outputs in the control system, with minimal programming required. The clientserver communication libraries were developed using Python, and the ESP32 programming was done using microPython. The maximum number of applications that can be interconnected is up to 127 devices. The maximum response speed or latency is 500ms, and the approximate cost per complete simulation unit is one thousand Mexican pesos. Compared to the cost of a traditional laboratory of this type, it is less than 10% of the cost of a laboratory equipped with PLCs from recognized brands.

<p><strong>Background:</strong> In 2015, a global agenda was created with the aim of eliminating poverty, caring for the environment and generating progress and well-being for all. From this agreement, the 17 Sustainable Development objectives to be met in 2030 were born. <strong>Objective:</strong> To identify and determine the perception of different social groups on the Sustainable Development Goals and in particular on SDG-12: Production and Consumption in the rural-urban context of a municipality in the state of Puebla. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Various instruments were used to capture information in the field according to the various social sectors interviewed. <strong>Results</strong>: The higher the degree, the greater the knowledge about the SDGs. <strong>Limitations:</strong> Economic resources to expand it to surrounding municipalities since it remains in the rural- urban context that includes in a certain way the interrelation with them. <strong>Implications:</strong> The application and daily life of the SDGs among the population. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The hypothesis that the SDGs have not achieved the expected impact is not ruled out; they have been delegated, to a greater extent, only to the academic and political sphere, but have not permeated the daily life of society.</p>

Este estudio explora la percepción de los estudiantes de ingeniería mecatrónica de la Universidad Politécnica de Puebla sobre la integración de las dimensiones internacional, regional y local en su currículo. En un contexto globalizado y con la creciente necesidad de preparar a los egresados para un entorno laboral diversificado, se aplicaron dos cuestionarios tipo Likert para evaluar tanto la importancia como la implementación de estas dimensiones según la perspectiva estudiantil. Los resultados revelan que los estudiantes valoran significativamente la integración de una perspectiva global y regional, y aunque reconocen la importancia de la inclusión de conocimientos y prácticas indígenas, esta última dimensión es la menos visible en el currículo actual. Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de fortalecer la visibilidad y consistencia de los temas internacionales, mejorar la profundidad de los contenidos regionales y desarrollar iniciativas específicas para integrar conocimientos indígenas de manera efectiva. Estos resultados proporcionan valiosa información para los diseñadores de currículos y los responsables de políticas educativas, indicando que una educación superior inclusiva y diversificada puede preparar mejor a los estudiantes para enfrentar desafíos globales y contribuir al desarrollo regional y local.