Universidad Univer

The contribution of ABCG2 gene variants to hyperuricemia in Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains uncertain, despite previously established associations in other populations. In this study, we analyzed the association of the ABCG2 gene variants rs2054576, rs2231142 and rs1001796 with serum uric acid (SUA) levels and hyperuricemia in patients with T2D and chronic kidney disease (CKD) from Mexico. This cross-sectional study involved the genotyping of 1,085 Mexican patients with T2D and 284 healthy subjects (HS) for the missense variant Q141K (rs2231142) and two intronic variants, rs2054576, and rs10011976 of the ABCG2 gene. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to examine the association between ABCG2 genotypes and urate levels and hyperuricemia in relation to the presence of CKD. Clinical and biochemical parameters were also determined and compared. Serum uric acid concentrations and prevalence of hyperuricemia were higher in the patient group compared to healthy subjects. In the patient population, individuals with CKD demonstrated elevated SUA levels and a greater prevalence of hyperuricemia when compared to those without CKD (6.4 mg/dL vs. 5.0 mg/dL, p < 0.001 and 49% vs. 19%, p < 0.001), respectively). The rs2231142 variant showed a significant association with SUA concentrations among patients with T2D (β = 0.393; p = 0.017), as well as healthy individuals (β = 0.407; p = 0.005); however, no significant association was observed with hyperuricemia. In this cohort of Mexican patients with T2D, kidney disease was found as the primary factor associated with hyperuricemia. Additionally, rs2231142 was the only ABCG2 gene variant linked to SUA levels in both T2D patients and healthy individuals, though it was not associated with hyperuricemia. Nevertheless, genetic analysis of rs2231142 may contribute to the evaluation of T2D patients at risk for complications related to elevated uric acid.

Abstract Introduction The use of social networks as source of medical information has grown steadily in recent years. In the field of urology, where barriers such as stigma and limited formal consultation persist, these platforms offer a useful window into the concerns of the population in real time. This study analyzes digital health behavior around six relevant urological pathologies, identifying the most searched terms, the most frequently asked questions, and their possible correlation with epidemiological data. Objective General objective: To analyze the digital behavior around specific urological diseases through the study of search terms, frequently asked questions and interactions generated in social networks, in order to identify patterns of interest, information gaps and their possible influence on the diagnosis or treatment of these conditions. Methods A cross-sectional observational study with an exploratory approach was conducted. Two platforms were used: Google Trends and AnswerThePublic, to collect data on erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, male infertility, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer, male hypogonadism, and Peyronie's disease. Search terms, frequency, associated questions, and temporal trends were analyzed. The results were compared with prevalence figures reported in recent scientific literature. Results General searches (broad or unspecific phrases that are not focused on clinical aspects such as causes, treatments, age or consequences, but express general doubts, colloquial language or expressions related to the pathology) were predominant in all pathologies, with relative frequencies above 75 % in each one: erectile dysfunction (77.3 %), premature ejaculation (83.5 %), male infertility (86.4 %), BPH (90.6 %), prostate cancer (91.2 %), male hypogonadism (83.1 %) and Peyronie's disease (87.0 %). The most frequent clinical searches corresponded to age (up to 9.0 % in erectile dysfunction and 7.4 % in Peyronie's) and treatments (up to 7.9 % in infertility). In Google Trends, erectile dysfunction showed the highest sustained interest, with multiple peaks close to 100; in contrast, Peyronie's, hypogonadism and infertility presented stable curves, with no peaks above 65. Conclusions Digital analysis offers a tool for understanding how the general population perceives urological diseases. The information generated can guide medical communication strategies, public education, and prevention, as well as provide the medical community with a better understanding of patients' doubts and uncertainties. Disclosure No

Abstract While there have been therapeutic advancements in treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we have a limited understanding of how the tumour composition and spatial heterogeneity influences clinical outcomes. Here, we performed a multiomic analysis of 61 NSCLC patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and curative resection, integrating spatial transcriptomics, spatial proteomics, and deep learning to profile the tumour microenvironment (TME). We identified spatial-metabolic alterations associated with disease recurrence in and between cells in the TME, involving glutamine import, glycolytic, and lipid oxidation pathways. Based on protein expression, we found spatially distinct regions linked to tumour recurrence, implicating specific roles for tumour associated macrophages, metabolic pathways, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis revealed histology-specific gene expression changes and metabolic and inflammation pathway associations with tumour recurrence. This comprehensive multiomic analysis highlights the complex immunological and metabolic dynamics characteristic of disease recurrence in adjuvant chemotherapy treated NSCLC.

La terminología médica es un fenómeno destacado en El Quijote. Nuestro objetivo es analizar las dificultades que plantearía su traducción, así como la calidad de los resultados obtenidos en dos versiones árabes de la obra: Badawī (1965) y al-‘Aṭṭār (2002). Estudiaremos por separado la transmisión de los contenidos denotativo y connotativo. El trasvase del primero suele ser menos complejo que el del segundo, a pesar de poder verse afectado por fenómenos como los falsos amigos, la homonimia, etc. Al ser Don Quijote una novela, y no un tratado médico, el contenido connotativo llega a adquirir mayor relevancia, puesto que la terminología se ve implicada en ciertas figuras y recursos literarios, condicionándose así el proceso traslativo. Al-‘Aṭṭār logra introducir mejoras en la traducción, especialmente en lo relativo al contenido referencial. Presenta, además, una versión con un estilo más asequible para el lector árabe actual.

A current problem is the increase in skin damage, including cancer, caused mainly by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays from sunlight. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the photoprotective effect to ultraviolet radiation of phenolics and acetogenic-rich extracts obtained from Annona muricata leaves applied to the skin of rats by means of gene expression in P53 and Rb, involved in tumor processes due to cell damage, in addition to the content of phenols, acetogenins and antioxidant activity present in the extract, which presented a total phenol content of 61.5 mg EAG/100 g of dry sample and flavonoids of 50 mg EQ/100 g. HPLC analysis revealed that the major compound was shikimic acid, followed by gallocatechin and 13 other phenols. DPPH analysis showed an inhibition of 64.37% and FRAP showed a value of 28,880 µmol Eq trolox/mL. The presence of acetogenins was verified by Kedde’s reagent in HPTLC. Histopathological findings in the treated groups (T4, T5) suggest thickening of the epidermis, which could be due to fibroblast proliferation. The results show a higher increase in P53 and Rb gene expression with the tested extracts compared to the positive control group, so it can be concluded that the extracts have positive effects.

Neste artigo apresenta-se uma análise crítica sobre a recente mudança metodológica do SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) que passou a estimar cobranças por processamento de artigos (APC), inclusive em revistas que operam sob o modelo diamante. Essa prática, que associa métricas de citação à suposta qualidade editorial, reforça um sistema de avaliação elitista e mercantilizado, colocando em risco a sustentabilidade de modelos colaborativos e não comerciais de comunicação científica, especialmente no Sul Global. Com base em uma revisão de estudos recentes e em declarações internacionais, as autoras e autores alertam para os perigos da mercantilização dos indicadores e propõem ações urgentes para proteger a integridade do modelo diamante. Entre as propostas estão: a visibilização explícita de revistas sem APC, o fortalecimento de infraestruturas públicas e a adoção de métricas mais justas e representativas do valor social da ciência. Conclui-se que confundir qualidade científica com capacidade de pagamento perpetua desigualdades estruturais incompatíveis com os princípios da ciência aberta.

Objetivos: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la percepción de los usuarios adultos mayores sobre la calidad de atención de salud en una comuna de la Región de Los Ríos, Chile. Post pandemia.Materiales y métodos: A treves de un muestreo no probabilístico, de inclusión por conveniencia, 30 adultos mayores de La región de los ríos serán parte del estudio. Se realizo una encuesta de percepción de las variables calidad de los servicios y satisfacción del usuario. A partir de 20 preguntas con 4 niveles de satisfacción 1. Muy desacuerdo. 2, Desacuerdo. 3. De acuerdo. 4. Muy de acuerdoResultados: Se puede concluir que existe una diversidad de opiniones y actitudes entre los usuarios adultos mayores con respecto a la calidad de atención Un 37% de los usuarios adultos mayores están muy de acuerdo con la calidad de atención, Un 33% de los usuarios adultos mayores están de acuerdo, un 20% de los usuarios adultos mayores expresan desacuerdo con la calidad de atención y un 10% de los usuarios adultos mayores están muy en desacuerdo con la calidad de atención en el sistema de salud.Conclusiones; No se detectaron diferencias con la prueba X2. Entre ambos sexos se observó entre las respuestas “grado de acuerdo” y “muy de acuerdo” en la mayoría de las preguntas alcanzando entre el 40% y 50% de las preferencias entre las cuatro categorías entre las preguntas.

Corn is an essential grain in the Mexican culinary, cultural and social heritage. However, the volatility in corn prices brings uncertainty to agricultural farmers and has caused an increase in imports of the grain from other countries. The purpose of this study is to use time-series models regularly applied in finance to an agricultural commodity and forecast corn prices in Mexico. The study employs autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models to forecast prices in 2024 and 2025 using data on average rural prices of grain corn from the period 1980 to 2023 The results contribute to a theoretical discussion on employing statistical tools to reduce market uncertainty on agricultural commodities and provide empirical practical results on corn prices for decision making. The results are innovative in using the ARIMA statistical tool to analyze a specific commodity (corn) in a specific market (Mexico). The conclusions of the study suggest an upward trend in corn prices for 2024 and 2025, however, price stagnation and uncertainty is observed. Although government policies have introduced price guarantees for corn in Mexico, they only cover less than 3% of total production. Future studies should analyze price divergence by regions or states in Mexico.

Abstract The minimum distance models have undoubtedly represented a significant advance for the establishment of targets in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). These models may help in defining improvement plans that require the least overall effort from the inefficient Decision Making Units (DMUs). Despite the advantages that come with Closest Targets, in some cases unsatisfactory results may be given, since improvement plans, even in that context, differ considerably from the actual performances. This generally occurs because all the effort employed to reach the efficient DEA frontier is channeled into just a few variables. In certain contexts these exorbitant efforts in some inputs/outputs become unapproachable. In fact, proposals for sequential improvement plans can be found in the literature. It could happen that the sequential improvement plans continue to be so demanding in some variable that it would be difficult to achieve such targets. We propose an alternative approach where the improvement plans require similar efforts in the different variables that participate in the analysis. In the absence of information about the limitations of improvement in the different inputs/outputs, we consider that a plausible and conservative solution would be the one where an equitable redistribution of efforts would be possible. In this paper, we propose different approaches with the aim of reaching an impartial distribution of efforts to achieve optimal operating levels without neglecting the overall effort required. Therefore, we offer different alternatives for planning improvements directed towards DEA efficient targets, where the decision-maker can choose the one that best suits their circumstances. Moreover, and as something new in the benchmarking DEA context, we will study which properties satisfy the targets generated by the different models proposed. Finally, an empirical example used in the literature serves to illustrate the methodology proposed.

La estadística mundial revela que la violencia de género prevalece a pesar de los avances legislativos. Su combate va más allá del terreno conductual. Requiere de una reforma afectiva y simbólica que modifique los significados asociados a las categorías femenino y masculino. La presente investigación cualitativa de enfoque feminista analiza la narrativa de la historia de pareja de 4 hombres y 4 mujeres de la ciudad de Querétaro, México. Personas de clase media, vinculadas a espacios feministas y de psicoterapia que se encuentran en una relación que se ha mantenido en el tiempo. Los hallazgos muestran la coexistencia de la violencia de género y del cuidado a lo largo de la relación de pareja, con significaciones particulares según el sexo. El cuidado se muestra clave en el combate de la violencia de género pues neutraliza la violencia y repara la relación. Presenta cualidades que modifican identidades e impulsan la capacidad empática al hacer evidente la vulnerabilidad humana y la necesidad de vivir en interdependencia. Lleva a reconocer al compañero/a como un sujeto igual, autónomo y vulnerable, superando las diferencias simbólicas que atañe el género, modificando los afectos depositados en las categorías genéricas y desencadenando conductas de colaboración.