Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso

Este estudo teve como propósito examinar a inclusão como princípio estruturante das práticas educacionais, examinando seus fundamentos normativos, seus limites institucionais e as possibilidades de reorganização pedagógica capazes de assegurar equidade no ambiente escolar. O estudo abordou a centralidade da dignidade humana, da igualdade de oportunidades e da participação ativa no contexto da educação básica, problematizando a distância entre o acesso formal e a efetiva apropriação do conhecimento. A metodologia adotada consistiu em pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa, baseada na seleção, leitura e análise crítica de produções científicas recentes, com organização dos dados em eixos temáticos articulados ao problema investigado. Os resultados indicaram que a efetivação da educação inclusiva depende de transformação cultural e organizacional, revisão curricular, fortalecimento do projeto político-pedagógico e corresponsabilidade docente, especialmente por meio do trabalho colaborativo. Concluiu-se que a inclusão não poderia ser compreendida como medida complementar, mas como fundamento orientador da prática escolar, condicionando a legitimidade das ações pedagógicas à promoção da justiça social e da cidadania.

Abstract Chironius laurenti was described based on 27 specimens from localities of the Beni savanna and Chiquitano Dry Forest in Bolivia and one specimen from the Brazilian Cerrado. We examined the holotype of C. laurenti from the department of Beni, Bolivia, as well as most of the paratypes and expanded sample obtained in zoological collections. Based on morphological and molecular data, we restrict the name C. laurenti to the populations distributed throughout the Madeira River Basin and conclude that the known records throughout the Pantanal wetlands and transition areas with the Cerrado savanna represent a distinct entity erroneously attributed to this name. Therefore, we describe the latter populations as a new species endemic to the Upper Paraguay River Basin, distinguished from its congeners by a unique combination of qualitative and quantitative morphological characters (meristic, color pattern, and cranial osteology) and unequivocal molecular evidence. We report on relevant behavioral observations of the new species, specifically its foraging strategy on riverbanks and male-male combat, which may occur during the mating season. Additionally, we discuss possible diversification hypotheses in the Upper Paraguay River Basin and highlight the importance of conserving ecological corridors linking the Pantanal to the surrounding plateaus, as ongoing climate changes may restrict or displace present species’ distributions. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D1DCEB24-8C69-4B76-8387-CD9ACB23C733 .

: The expansion of generative artificial intelligence in education has increased the possibilities for content production, personalized learning, and pedagogical support, while also intensifying dilemmas related to authorship, information reliability, algorithmic bias, and academic integrity. In this context, teacher education requires a more complex set of professional competencies that goes beyond instrumental command of digital tools and includes curricular integration, critical curation, pedagogical mediation, and ethical responsibility. This study analyses the competencies required for teaching practice in educational settings mediated by generative artificial intelligence technologies. Methodologically, it is a qualitative bibliographic review of an exploratory-descriptive nature, developed through a structured literature search and thematic analysis. The corpus comprised academic books, peer-reviewed articles, and institutional documents directly related to the topic, examined considering both classic and recent frameworks on teacher education, digital competence, and generative AI. The analytical synthesis identified five central axes: technopedagogical integration of AI into the curriculum; curation and critical validation of generated outputs; pedagogical mediation and assessment redesign; ethics, authorship, and governance of AI use; and continuous professional development supported by institutional policies. The study concludes that the incorporation of generative AI into education does not reduce the centrality of the teacher; rather, it redefines professional responsibilities and reinforces the need for pre-service and continuing education programmes capable of articulating pedagogical, technological, and ethical dimensions within a critical and reflective perspective.

Diagnosing cryptic species has long posed a challenge in ornithology. However, advances in vocal and molecular analyses have significantly enhanced species recognition. In the Amazon, the sister species Turdus hauxwelli and T. fumigatus epitomize this difficulty. Previous studies on plumage suggested the existence of an intergradation zone in southern Central Amazonia and Mato Grosso. However, similarities in their songs have often led to misidentifications that obscure their true distributions. This study sought to evaluate whether acoustic characteristics could refine the geographic boundaries of these species, particularly in Central Amazonia and Mato Grosso, and to reevaluate specimens for potential plumage differences. We analyzed recordings of both species, conducted multivariate analyses of vocal characteristics, and performed morphometric and visual assessments of specimens. Our vocal analyses identified two call types - single-note and multiple-note calls - with each species predominantly using one type as its primary call. These calls allowed clear differentiation between the species. Additionally, our data showed that recordings from Mato Grosso pertain exclusively to T. hauxwelli, contradicting prior reports of T. fumigatus in the region and refuting the previously proposed intergradation zone (based on plumage alone). In contrast, neither morphometric analyses nor plumage patterns effectively distinguished the two species. Some T. hauxwelli specimens from Mato Grosso exhibited plumage characteristics indistinguishable from those of T. fumigatus, likely contributing to earlier misclassifications. Our findings emphasize the taxonomic value of vocalizations in thrushes and highlight the need for integrating diverse datasets to improve our understanding of species identity and distribution.

The Amazonian freshwater stingray Potamotrygon wallacei, endemic to the Rio Negro basin, although heavily exploited in ornamental fish trade, is largely neglected in terms of basic biology, including its reproductive system. Polyandry is a widespread reproductive strategy in elasmobranchs, however, evidence from freshwater potamotrygonids is scarce. To address this knowledge gap, the present study developed highly polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genomic markers for P. wallacei and applied them to investigate kinship patterns in wild-caught gravid females and their litters. This study used genomic polymorphic SNP markers in 18 individuals from five family groups to assess kinship patterns. The average gene diversity was low, however, He (0.435–0.476) and Ho (0.530–0.653) were higher, with Ho > He, suggesting small-sample bias or heterozygote excess from family-level sampling. Polyandry was detected in three families, while two families exhibited monogamy. This molecular approach allowed the discovery of polyandry in P. wallacei, providing novel insights into its reproductive biology and contributing to broader understanding of mating system evolution in Neotropical freshwater elasmobranchs.

Abstract This paper introduces an innovative data-driven filtered Smith predictor (DD-FSP) for controlling single-input, single-output (SISO) processes with dead-time. The proposed approach is applicable to open-loop stable, integrative, and unstable systems. The controller design is based on a mean-square minimization algorithm that directly maps input-output data, allowing the automatic generation of an estimated impulse response sequence. This data-driven methodology enables the control strategy to address the well-known trade-off between robustness and performance without requiring an explicit parametric model for system prediction. By leveraging the mean-square optimization framework, the proposed DD-FSP provides the desired closed-loop response while adapting to the system dynamics through available data rather than predefined mathematical models. This flexibility enhances the applicability of the method across a wide range of process dynamics, improving system performance without compromising robustness. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, simulation studies are carried out, demonstrating the practical benefits of the data-driven strategy. The results highlight the capability of the DD-FSP to balance performance and robustness efficiently, reinforcing its potential as a reliable alternative for controlling SISO processes with dead-time.

Esse artigo buscou analisar as contribuições do treinamento resistido para o alívio de sintomas depressivos em adolescentes, identificando mecanismos fisiológicos e psicossociais e sintetizando evidências de eficácia dessa intervenção não farmacológica. Metodologicamente, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, seguindo as etapas propostas por Mendes, Silveira e Galvão (2008): definição da questão norteadora, critérios de inclusão e exclusão, extração e avaliação crítica dos dados e síntese dos achados. As buscas abrangeram o período de 2005 a 2025 nas bases CAPES, BVS, SciELO e PubMed, utilizando os descritores Adolescents, Resistance Training e Depression combinados por AND, resultando na seleção final de 12 estudos revisados por pares. Os resultados indicaram que o treinamento resistido, aplicado isoladamente ou combinado a outras modalidades, reduz de forma significativa sintomas de depressão e ansiedade, com efeitos comparáveis a intervenções farmacológicas e psicoterápicas. Evidências apontaram aumento de neurotransmissores relacionados ao bem-estar, redução do cortisol, melhora da neuroplasticidade, do metabolismo e da composição corporal. No âmbito psicossocial, observou-se elevação da autoestima, maior engajamento social e adesão a hábitos saudáveis, especialmente em contextos coletivos supervisionados. Conclui-se que o treinamento resistido constitui estratégia segura e multidimensional para promoção da saúde mental na adolescência, recomendando-se sua incorporação em programas escolares e comunitários.

O presente artigo discute a gestão da escola pública no contexto indígena brasileiro a partir de uma perspectiva decolonial, tendo como objetivo refletir sobre como a educação escolar indígena pode ser mais do que simples adaptação ao sistema dominante, constituindo-se em espaço de afirmação de línguas, cosmologias e modos próprios de existir. Metodologicamente, apresenta-se como um ensaio epistemológico fundamentado nas contribuições de Beleni Grando, João Carlos Gomes e Isabel Taukane, bem como em referenciais da decolonialidade. A análise demonstra que, embora o marco jurídico nacional — Constituição Federal de 1988, LDB de 1996 e Diretrizes Nacionais — reconheça especificidades, sua aplicação encontra limites devido à permanência de práticas curriculares e administrativas coloniais. Os resultados evidenciam que a centralidade do português, a precariedade da infraestrutura e a insuficiência da formação docente geram barreiras para a efetivação da educação intercultural. Em contrapartida, experiências de escolas bilíngues com forte participação comunitária revelam a viabilidade de currículos integrados que articulam saberes acadêmicos e tradicionais, fortalecendo identidades, ampliando a autonomia cultural e promovendo aprendizagens significativas. Conclui-se que a gestão escolar indígena demanda protagonismo das lideranças e das famílias, financiamento adequado, reconhecimento das línguas e epistemologias próprias e avaliação coerente com os ciclos culturais, a fim de transformar a escola em território de diálogo entre mundos, condição essencial para a consolidação de um sistema educacional intercultural, equitativo e decolonizado.

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Conducting multicenter, longitudinal epidemiological studies on emerging pathogens in real time during health emergencies presents significant challenges, especially in low- and middle-income countries, where substantial logistical and resource constraints hinder the rapid design and implementation of research protocols. This is particularly difficult when the disease spreads rapidly and its nature changes due to the onset of vaccination. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a cohort study (AVISA) was conducted in eleven research sites to assess seroprevalence. The objective of this study is to identify the challenges to the successful execution of the AVISA study through a retrospective analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators. The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections, particularly in large urban areas in Brazil, and the initiation of COVID-19 vaccination in January 2021 posed significant challenges for recruiting individuals who met the eligibility criteria. Participant enrollment was slower than initially planned, and fewer participants from the youngest and oldest cohorts were recruited. The implementation of the study protocol encountered significant logistical and operational challenges due to the evolving COVID-19 context, including the effects of vaccination, the loosening of social distancing measures, and difficulties conducting household visits and collecting samples in high-risk areas. To ensure participant retention and protocol adherence, the study employed flexible strategies, including rescheduling visits, enhancing communication, and mobilizing experienced staff, which were crucial for maintaining data collection and study continuity over time. Despite concurrent demands of the COVID-19 response, Instituto Butantan and its partners successfully mobilized resources, staff, and infrastructure to conduct the AVISA study across 11 sites, leveraging existing collaborations from prior clinical trials. The study conducted over 16,000 household visits, collected nearly 7,000 blood samples, and gathered detailed clinical and sociodemographic data from participants. Despite the complexities of conducting real-time research during a public health emergency, the AVISA study demonstrated that large-scale, multi-site longitudinal studies can be implemented in resource-constrained settings through adaptive strategies, institutional partnerships, and flexible field operations. The lessons learned offer essential insights for strengthening the design and execution of epidemiological studies in future health emergencies, particularly in low- and middle-income contexts.