Universidade Regional do Cariri

Given the ability of microorganisms to develop drug resistance at a faster pace than the development of new drugs, it becomes urgent to seek alternatives capable of restoring the efficacy of antibiotics, especially against pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, known for its versatility in expressing resistance mechanisms. Synthetic chalcones have been extensively investigated as efflux pump inhibitors due to their structural flexibility and ease of chemical modification. Can cite studies that show chalcones derived fromCroton anisodontus for their ability to inhibit the NorA and MepA efflux pumps in S. aureus strains (1199B and K2068) and studies chalcones act as inhibitors of the NorA efflux pump in whole cells and everted membrane vesicles of S. aureus. Among these mechanisms, the NorA and MepA efflux pumps stand out, as they are responsible for expelling antibiotics from the bacterial cell interior. In this context, the present study investigated the potential of the chalcone (E)-1-(3-aminophenyl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one as a possible inhibitor of these efflux systems. Initial screening was conducted through in silico studies, followed by in vitro assays, determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and fluorescence tests using ethidium bromide EtBr and SYTOX Green. Molecular docking results revealed that this chalcone interacts with amino acid residues described in the literature as essential for efflux pump activity (Glu222 and Phe303 in NorA; Tyr35 and Met172 in MepA). The binding distances and energies obtained were consistent with potential inhibitory activity, suggesting that chalcone may interfere with the functionality of these proteins.In vitro assays showed a significant reduction in the MIC of antibiotics such as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin in resistant strains, indicating a potentiating effect. Furthermore, fluorescence tests demonstrated increased retention of ethidium bromide by up to 736.3% for NorA and 234.8% for MepA, supporting the inhibition of efflux pumps. Increased bacterial membrane permeability was also observed, evidenced by an increase in SYTOX Green fluorescence by 70-855%. Although the results demonstrate the potential of chalcone as a therapeutic adjuvant, the ADMET analyses revealed toxicological alerts that require further investigation. These findings suggest that rational structural modifications may be necessary to ensure its safety and efficacy in combating resistant bacterial infections.

Anostomidae is one of the most diverse families within the order Characiformes and is widely distributed across the river basins of the Neotropical region. Anostomids are known to host a rich diversity of metazoan parasites, including ectoparasites, such as monopisthocotylans, and endoparasites, such as nematodes, cestodes, and digeneans. The present study aims to develop an inventory of metazoan parasites recorded in fish of the Anostomidae family. A bibliographic review of metazoan parasite species in anostomids was conducted, using searches in different databases. This bibliographic review was complemented with information from books and book chapters on ictioparasitology. The data were compiled until January 2025. Based on the review, 191 taxa (126 are described at the species level and 65 were identified only to the genus level or higher taxonomic categories) of metazoan parasites associated with anostomid fishes were found. Monopisthocotyla and Nematoda were the taxonomic groups with the most parasitic associations at the species level, with 31 and 30 species, respectively. This study presents a comprehensive and updated inventory of metazoan parasites associated with fish from the family Anostomidae, covering over 170 years of research (1850–2025). This survey highlights the importance of anostomids as hosts for a rich parasitic fauna.

Abstract Insects, belonging to the phylum Arthropoda, play essential roles in ecosystems, play essential roles in ecosystems, such as pollination, pest control, and decomposition. However, some species are vectors of diseases, which makes the development of control methods crucial. The use of synthetic insecticides, although effective, causes serious environmental and health problems. As an alternative, plant essential oils, which are biodegradable and can have repellent and toxic effects on insects, have gained prominence. This study focuses on the species Calyptranthes concinna DC., belonging to the Myrtaceae family, whose repellent and toxicological properties were evaluated using Drosophila melanogaster Meigan (1830) as an experimental model. The botanical material of Calyptranthes concinna was collected from the Private Natural Heritage Reserve in Palmeira-PR, and the essential oil was extracted from the dried leaves by hydrodistillation. The oil, with a yield of 0.26%, was stored for later analysis. The species Drosophila melanogaster was used as a model for toxicity and repellent activity tests. The tests involved fumigation of flies with different doses of oil, evaluation of damage to locomotor capacity and repellency test using filter paper. Data were analyzed statistically using two-way ANOVA. Calyptranthes concinna essential oil demonstrated low toxicity to Drosophila melanogaster , with 100% survival at all concentrations tested over 48 h and deaths that were not statistically significant compared to the water control. Impairment of locomotor capacity was observed only at the highest concentrations (40 µg/mL) after 3 h, and at intermediate concentrations (20 µg/mL) after 6 h, but these effects were equal to the control after 12 h. The repellency test revealed that the essential oil has a significant efficacy, especially at higher concentrations (39 µg/cm 2 ), comparable to the commercial repellent DEET, indicating that C. concinna essential oil is a promising alternative to synthetic repellents. Calyptranthes concinna essential oil has demonstrated potential as a natural repellent, with low toxicity and efficacy comparable to commercial DEET. Compared to studies with other essential oils and similar compounds, C. concinna oil has shown consistent results, suggesting that it may be an effective and environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic repellents. The presence of terpenes in the essential oil may be related to its repellent effect. These results support the use of C. concinna essential oil as a promising natural repellent.

Este estudio presenta la composición de la comunidad de helmintos y los parámetros de infección parasitaria (abundancia, prevalencia, intensidad media de la infección) de cinco especies de lagartos recogidos en una zona de Carrasco, en la región noreste de Brasil. Las recolecciones se realizaron entre mayo y septiembre de 2021 en un entorno de carrasco situado en Chapada do Araripe, estado de Ceará, Brasil. Los especímenes se capturaron utilizando trampas y también manualmente durante búsquedas activas. Se recolectaron los parásitos encontrados y se estimaron los patrones de infección para cada especie. Se recolectaron un total de 239 parásitos de 21 huéspedes. La comunidad estaba compuesta predominantemente por nematodos. El lagarto Phyllopezus pollicaris (Spix, 1825) presentó la mayor diversidad parasitaria, y la especie de nematodo S. oxkutzcabiensis Chitwood, 1938 fue la más prevalente en la comunidad. La mayoría de las especies de nematodos se encontraron en el tracto gastrointestinal de los huéspedes. Los miembros parásitos de la familia Pharyngodonidae fueron los nematodos más comunes encontrados. Encontramos fuertes similitudes en la composición y distribución de las especies de endoparásitos en los entornos de Carrasco y la Caatinga adyacente. La comunidad de endoparásitos registrada era diversa, y algunas especies de nematodos estaban asociadas a especies hospedadoras específicas. Los lagartos E. bibronii Boulenger, 1885 Boulenger, 1885 y P. pollicaris se registran aquí como nuevos hospedadores de Onchocercidae y P. travassosi Pereira, 1935, respectivamente. Los datos aquí presentados proporcionan nueva información, ampliando el conocimiento sobre la composición de la fauna helmintológica de los lagartos que habitan en la Caatinga.

Objetiva-se mapear na literatura as principais teorias de enfermagem abordadas para o cuidado ao paciente com Doença Renal Crônica. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde nas bases de dados MEDLINE, BDENF, LILACS e SCIELO, durante setembro a outubro de 2024. Utilizou-se dos seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde e operador booleano para estratégia de busca: Teoria de Enfermagem AND Insuficiência Renal Crônica AND Cuidados de Enfermagem. As teorias encontradas consistiram na Teoria Humanística de Enfermagem, Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas, Teoria do Conforto e Teoria das Transições. Todas elas foram utilizadas de forma a subsidiar o cuidado ofertado ao paciente com doença renal crônica, de forma única, holística, respeitando-se as necessidades gerais de bem-estar e conforto em todas as dimensões, com foco na promoção da autonomia do paciente. Assim, contribuíram para o aprimoramento da assistência de enfermagem, possibilitando uma abordagem integral e individualizada ao paciente.

This research aimed to conduct a bibliometric review on Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart., popularly known as “macaúba”, a palm tree of the Arecaceae family with great potential to promote sustainable practices. The review focused on the applications associated with the oil, pulp, and almonds of the fruit, products that can be used in industries such as food, cosmetics, and bioenergy, contributing to the development of more ecological production chains with less environmental impact. Data were collected from the Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases for publications related to phytochemical and bioactive aspects, while only Web of Science was used for data on energy aspects. The documents found were analyzed in the VOSviewer software (version 1.6.20), allowing the creation of bibliometric networks (clusters) and tables on scientific production. The analyses included authors, co-authors, countries, institutions, journal sources, and keywords. For phytochemical and bioactive aspects, the search resulted in 1026 articles, of which 261 were selected after applying the exclusion criteria. For energy aspects, 99 publications were found. Based on the data, it was possible to analyze the existing research on A. aculeata, identifying the state of the research and possible gaps in studies related to this oilseed. The results highlight the importance of macaúba as a sustainable alternative for diversifying agricultural and bioindustrial products, promoting the bioeconomy and contributing to the mitigation of environmental impacts. In addition, the research allowed us to identify the universities and researchers most dedicated to this species, their main results and the areas that still require investment to advance research. Thus, A. aculeata emerges as a relevant option to strengthen sustainable practices in key sectors, integrating economic, social, and environmental benefits.

Objetivo: analisar a mortalidade por NMM em mulheres (≥ 20 anos) residentes no Piauí de 2010 a 2023. Metodologia: estudo transversal e ecológico com do Sistema de Mortalidade tabulados via Tabwin. Foi analisado a distribuição espaço-temporal e perfil epidemiológico. Calculou-se as taxas por 100.000 pelo Excel, confeccionou-se os mapas com número de casos por municípios e calculou-se o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson com significância de 5%. Resultados: foram registrados 2.617 óbitos por NMM no Piauí. Verificou-se aumento nas taxas de mortalidade (12,5 a 17,6%), maior concentração de óbitos nos municípios mais populosos, elevadas proporções de mulheres com 50 a 59 anos (25,8%), pardas (58,9%) e casadas (37,6%). Observou-se significância estatística com todas as variáveis analisadas entre adultas e idosas. Conclusão: A mortalidade por CMM apresentou distribuição temporal crescente, concentrada em municípios populosos e com fatores sociodemográficos proporcionalmente elevados e estatisticamente significativos quando comparados entre grupos etários distintos.