Universidade São Judas Tadeu

The precorneal tear film is critical for ocular surface health, and brachycephalic dogs are particularly predisposed to tear film instability due to their unique conformation. This study aimed to establish normative values for tear film parameters in healthy brachycephalic dogs using the OSA-Vet®, including Schirmer tear test-1 (STT-1), tear meniscus height (TMH), and non-invasive tear breakup time (TBUTNI). Forty brachycephalic dogs (66 eyes) with STT-1 values between 15 and 25 mm/min underwent complete ophthalmological examination and OSA-Vet® evaluation. Data were analyzed for distribution, descriptive statistics, and correlations. Median values were 20 mm/min [19–22] for STT-1, 0.45 mm [0.36–0.62] for TMH, and 1.25 s [0.70–4.00] for TBUTNI. Spearman’s analysis revealed no significant association between STT-1 and TMH (ρ = 0.136, p = 0.277) or between TMH and TBUTNI (ρ = 0.046, p = 0.716). A weak positive correlation was observed between STT-1 and TBUTNI (ρ = 0.256, p = 0.038). These results demonstrate that even in dogs with preserved aqueous tear production, TBUTNI values remain low and variable, highlighting the predisposition of brachycephalic breeds to evaporative instability. TMH showed limited diagnostic value, underscoring the importance of multimodal tear film assessment. Previous studies have used OSA-Vet® to evaluate ocular surface parameters across cephalic conformations. The present study focuses specifically on establishing clinically applicable reference values in phenotypically brachycephalic dogs screened for normal aqueous tear production.

As metodologias ativas têm sido amplamente discutidas no contexto educacional contemporâneo como estratégias capazes de promover maior participação dos estudantes no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. No ensino superior, essas abordagens buscam superar modelos tradicionais centrados na transmissão de conteúdo, estimulando o protagonismo discente, o pensamento crítico e a autonomia na construção do conhecimento. Nesse sentido, a aprendizagem significativa destaca-se como um importante referencial teórico, uma vez que enfatiza a relação entre os conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes e as novas informações adquiridas durante o processo educativo. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, as contribuições das metodologias ativas no ensino superior para o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem significativa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, realizada a partir da análise de artigos científicos publicados entre 2010 e 2025, encontrados nas bases de dados SciELO, Google Scholar, PubMed, ERIC e Portal de Periódicos da CAPES. Os resultados evidenciam que estratégias como aprendizagem baseada em problemas, aprendizagem baseada em projetos, sala de aula invertida e estudo de caso contribuem para o desenvolvimento da autonomia, do pensamento crítico e da capacidade de resolução de problemas. Além disso, tais metodologias favorecem a integração entre teoria e prática, promovendo experiências de aprendizagem mais significativas e contextualizadas. Conclui-se que as metodologias ativas representam importantes ferramentas pedagógicas para fortalecer o processo de aprendizagem significativa no ensino superior, contribuindo para a formação de profissionais mais críticos, reflexivos e preparados para os desafios da sociedade contemporânea.

Abstract Subsea equipment used in offshore oil production must remain reliable and under adequate structural integrity conditions for many years. Ensuring long-term integrity in deepwater environments is challenging, and cathodic protection (CP) is mandatory to mitigate corrosion of equipment. CP systems in deepwater, typically based on sacrificial anodes, aim to maintain the electrochemical potential of carbon steel (CS) within the range -800 and -1100 mV vs Ag/AgCl. Potentials more negative than -1100 mV may cause hydrogen embrittlement and/or promote cathodic disbondment of coating, while values more positive than -800 mV would indicate insufficient protection, based on common standards criteria (thermodynamic concepts). When CP potentials fall outside this range, anode replacement is recommended — an expensive process involving materials, vessels, and ROVs. This work investigated the corrosion behavior of CS under less negative CP within alternative potentials (-750 to -700 mV vs Ag/AgCl), corrosion rate and CP criteria (-800 mV vs Ag/AgCl) in simulated conditions. Laboratory tests at 0-, 500-, and 1000-meters depth. Field tests, conducted using instrumented buoys, were deployed at 500 and 1000 meters. Results were complemented by inspection data reports from Petrobras subsea systems and equipment. The findings provide technical basis for reassessing CP criteria for offshore assets operating under environmental and operational conditions like those defined in this study.

Abstract This study examines corrosion and cracking behavior of a super duplex stainless steel, which is known for its excellent mechanical properties and outstanding corrosion performance in harsh environments. The test program evaluates the susceptibility of UNS S32750 steel to localized corrosion and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) under simulated field conditions (pH2S and pCO2), through laboratory testing of specimens in autoclaves. Tests were conducted at high temperatures of 120°C and 140°C, with a pH of 4.3, following the ASTM G61 and NACE TM0177 standards, and included extended exposure periods of up to 60 days under applied stress. These conditions mimic the challenging environments found in FPSO topsides applications, providing insights into the material's performance under stress. Both base metal and welded joints of UNS S32750 were tested, ensuring a thorough assessment. Results showed that UNS S32750, when manufactured according to industry standards, demonstrates significant resistance to pitting corrosion and SCC, confirming its reliability in demanding applications. This underscores the importance of adhering to industry standards for optimal performance. The study concludes that UNS S32750 steel is suitable for applications requiring durability and reliability in harsh conditions, contributing valuable data to the development of corrosion-resistant materials in the oil and gas sector.

The expansion of tools based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) can reconfigure the ways architectural projects are conceived, represented, and analyzed. This paper examines the utility, viability, and limits of commercially available AI in the design process in Brazil, focusing on small and medium-sized practices and independent professionals. The objective is to understand the convergence between design process tasks and the capabilities of functional categories of AI tools accessible to the general public. Methodologically, the research is exploratory and applied, grounded in a literature review, the mapping and functional classification of tools, and task-oriented empirical tests, integrated through a task–tool–phase matrix and criteria of productivity, design quality, risk, viability, and regulatory and tectonic alignment. The results show the predominance of the CAD/direct modeling stage and a fragmented parametrization, while generative-analytical AI operates as peripheral support. Contributions are identified in programmatic organization, contextual reading, and preliminary environmental analysis, particularly in the Preliminary Study, and in limited administrative support in the Legal Design phase. In the Executive Design phase, utility remains marginal due to requirements for traceability and constructive control. It is concluded that AI adoption in the Brazilian context is localized and phase-dependent, conditioned by cost, learning curve, and effective demand, and that the proposed matrix offers a replicable instrument for critically and situationally evaluating decisions on technological incorporation.

Aromatherapy, the therapeutic use of essential oils, is a growing complementary practice in pediatric care. This systematic review analyzed the scientific evidence on its application and effects in children, with a secondary aim of exploring its use for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Following the PRISMA guidelines, the screening was carried out in Rayyan by two researchers, with studies from the PubMed, Cochrane Library, BVS Library and Web of Science databases, including only clinical trials. The risk of bias assessment used the Cochrane RoB 2tool. Out of 1,089 identified studies, seven randomized controlled trials were included. The literature was predominantly focused on neurotypical children, revealing that acute inhalation of essential oils (mainly lavender and orange) was used for managing anxiety in specific settings, particularly dentistry. Findings showed a trend towards reduced anxiety and pain scores, alongside decreased heart rate. However, significant methodological heterogeneity and small sample sizes were noted. The secondary aim highlighted a pronounced evidence gap: only one small-scale study included children with ASD, which reported no significant benefits of aromatherapy. Preliminary evidence suggests potential benefits of aromatherapy for anxiety in neurotypical children within controlled contexts. However, the evidence base is limited and insufficient for robust clinical guidance. A critical scarcity of research exists on aromatherapy for children with ASD, underscoring the need for more rigorous and adequately powered future studies.

As mudanças multidimensionais do envelhecimento humano geram demandas emergentes e impactos sociais. Nesse contexto, podem surgir situações de vulnerabilidade para essa população. Este trabalho teve como objetivo discutir a vulnerabilidade no contexto do envelhecimento humano, com ênfase nas nuances das microagressões, do idadismo e das exclusões sociais, especialmente no que se refere ao acesso digital de dinâmicas brasileiras frente as diversas velhices. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura com 15 materiais obtidos nas bibliotecas virtuais SciELO, PubMed e Google Acadêmico. Os resultados evidenciaram a interseção entre vulnerabilidades biológicas e sociais. Em específico, o idadismo mostrou-se um fator influente na exclusão social, configurando-se como uma das formas mais frequentes de violência contra pessoas idosas. A exclusão dos meios digitais foi identificada como uma problemática sistemática decorrente do idadismo, que reduz fatores protetivos para essa população e potencializa suas vulnerabilidades multidimensionais. Conclui-se, por fim, que a sistematização da violência contra pessoas idosas reflete na falta de oportunidades de inclusão digital. Identifica-se a educação como um recurso com grande potencial para transformar esse cenário.