Universidade da Região de Joinville

<title>Abstract</title> In Brazil, the primary means of transportation made of wood are boats, considered part of the world's naval heritage as they reflect the country's ethnic diversity, incorporating the knowledge, techniques, and cultures of different peoples in their construction methods. The objectives of this study are to document and describe the traditional knowledge of shipbuilders, understand the mechanisms that guide the selection of wood species, and investigate the traditional techniques used in the construction of wooden boats in the Babitonga Bay region, in southern Brazil. The research employed purposive snowball sampling to identify participants with knowledge about wooden boats. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between October 2024 and June 2025, using audio recording and a digital questionnaire, addressing topics including vessel types, wood species used, and selection criteria. The transcripts were analyzed using Atlas. ti. Statistical analysis combined Fisher's exact test and binomial tests to assess the relationships among wood selection criteria, resource availability, and perceptions of the decline in traditional knowledge. Our study confirmed that men hold the traditional knowledge of artisanal construction, reflecting the historical gender division in artisanal fishing communities. Statistical results show that carpenters prioritize technical knowledge in wood selection, with availability not being a decisive criterion. However, the cost of wood influences decisions and encourages the use of cheaper commercial species. The decline in activity is widely recognized among shipbuilders, who attribute the erosion of knowledge to the loss of master artisans, the lack of apprentices, restricted access to forest resources, the devaluation of the craft, and conflicts over maritime space. Furthermore, the use of commercial timber species from the Amazon signals an extractive policy that threatens forest species and the cultural knowledge associated with their use. These results highlight the need for safeguarding policies that consider both the technical and sociocultural dimensions of this intangible heritage, as well as effective strategies for the intergenerational transmission of this knowledge.

Postoperative pain is a frequent clinical concern following endodontic treatment. This study aimed to develop and validate supervised machine learning models to predict the occurrence of postoperative pain in cases of irreversible pulpitis. A prospective sample of 354 patients aged 18 to 60 years undergoing standardised endodontic treatment was analysed. In the original randomised clinical trials from which the data were derived, each patient had only one eligible tooth included. Clinical variables included postoperative pain at 24 and 72 h, treated tooth group, occlusal reduction, photobiomodulation therapy, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), sex and age. Eight supervised machine learning algorithms were trained to predict pain occurrence, including Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbours, AdaBoost and Multilayer Perceptron. The dataset was divided into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets using stratified sampling. Class imbalance in the training set, characterised by a lower proportion of cases with moderate or severe pain, was addressed using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique. Hyperparameters were optimised through grid search combined with stratified five-fold cross validation. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score, with 95% confidence intervals estimated by bootstrapping. The predictive models achieved good discrimination of pain outcomes. Logistic Regression showed the best test performance at 24 h (AUC 0.74 [95% CI: 0.61 to 0.85], precision 0.81 [95% CI: 0.73 to 0.88]). At 72 h, the Support Vector Machine achieved the highest performance (AUC 0.81 [95% CI: 0.69 to 0.92], precision 0.88 [95% CI: 0.79 to 0.94]). Age and sex emerged as the most influential predictors across models. Supervised machine learning models demonstrated promising performance for predicting postoperative pain following endodontic treatment. Logistic Regression and Support Vector Machine algorithms presented the most consistent results, supporting their potential clinical application for personalised pain management.

O município de Catanduvas, localizado no oeste de Santa Catarina, destaca-se por seu recente crescimento econômico nos setores madeireiro, de produção de erva-mate, rações, transporte e agricultura, atividades potencialmente emissoras de poluentes atmosféricos. No entanto, não existem dados prévios sobre a qualidade do ar na região. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a aplicabilidade da espécie Ilex paraguariensis (erva-mate) como bioindicadora da qualidade do ar, utilizando análises químicas e botânicas como um método de monitoramento indireto, econômico e viável para municípios de pequeno porte, em consonância com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Agenda 2030 da ONU, especialmente aqueles relacionados à saúde ambiental e cidades sustentáveis. Foram selecionadas três áreas de amostragem localizadas em diferentes zoneamentos do município de Catanduvas: área 1 – Macrozona, área 2 – Zona de Corredor Comercial e área 3 – Zona Comercial Predominante. As análises físico-químicas demonstraram concentrações de material particulado foliar entre 0,127 e 0,172 mg/cm², valores comparáveis aos registrados em cidades maiores, como Joinville, Jaraguá do Sul e Goiânia. Na composição iônica, destacaram-se os íons nitrato, sulfato e cloreto, associados a fontes como tráfego veicular, combustão de combustíveis fósseis, atividades industriais e queima de resíduos. As análises botânicas indicaram que as áreas 1 e 3 apresentaram maiores indícios de impacto ambiental, evidenciado pela redução da massa fresca e seca foliar e teor de água, além do aumento da área foliar específica, características que sugerem uma resposta adaptativa da planta ao estresse gerado pela poluição atmosférica. Os resultados comprovam a eficiência da Ilex paraguariensis como bioindicadora, permitindo gerar informações relevantes sobre a qualidade do ar de forma prática e de baixo custo, contribuindo para o monitoramento ambiental, a formulação de políticas públicas e ações de conscientização ambiental em comunidades de pequeno porte, alinhando-se às metas dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável voltadas à proteção do meio ambiente e promoção da sustentabilidade local.

Resumo Este artigo teve como objetivo discutir a Campanha de Nacionalização (1938-1945) no distrito de Pirabeiraba, na cidade de Joinville (SC). O foco de interesse da pesquisa é a relação entre as chamadas associações escolares e a implantação da referida campanha no contexto escolar, bem como seus desdobramentos na comunidade local. Como fonte de pesquisa, foram utilizados relatórios, atas da inspetoria municipal de educação e jornais escolares produzidos por cinco das escolas que compunham a rede municipal de ensino de Joinville. Os materiais encontram-se salvaguardados pelo arquivo histórico da cidade. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam a complementaridade entre diferentes associações escolares criadas com o propósito de contribuir para a implementação da Campanha de Nacionalização, utilizando as práticas escolares cotidianas como estratégia de controle dos espaços educacionais.

Abstract Introduction: There is strong evidence of the benefits of physical activity (PA) for older adults. However, there is still no consensus on which modality is more effective than the others regarding muscle mass and functional capacity. Objective: To compare three different PA programs for older women. Methods: The study included 107 participants between 60 and 75 years old who practiced PA in three different programs, which were: strength training group (STG), aerobic training group (ATG) and adapted sports group (ASG). To evaluate body composition, we used the body mass index and the total muscle mass index. For the functional tests, we employed the Sit-to-Stand Test (SST) and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Results: All participants of the three groups presented good physical performance, as the STG group presented the best result in the SST while the ASG group was better in the TUGT. Conclusion: The study reinforces the need to stimulate the practice of PA for elderly, and that intrinsic motivation should be considered to offer some-thing that is pleasurable and maintains their adherence to the program.

As redes sociais digitais estão intensivamente presentes na vida das pessoas, fato que não pode ser ignorado no processo de formação nos cursos de graduação. O uso das tecnologias digitais nas práticas educativas na educação já é uma realidade, porém de que maneira as redes sociais têm se adentrado ao cotidiano da sala de aula universitária é um tema que precisa ser estudado. Os jovens utilizam a rede de computadores para acessar e aprender com diferentes mídias. Em áreas como do Direito, há profissionais e professores que disponibilizam conteúdo e se apresentam pessoal e profissionalmente em redes sociais digitas, dos quais, muitos têm um número significativo de seguidores. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar e discutir como professores e estudantes de um curso de Direito percebem as repercussões das redes sociais no processo educativo. A pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa teve como instrumentos de coleta de dados questionário e entrevista. Participaram da pesquisa 10 professores e 123 estudantes. Os resultados indicaram que os participantes percebem a influência e usos das redes sociais digitais na vida pessoal, acadêmica e profissional, assim como, os impactos nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a worthwhile impact on public health, with an estimated global prevalence of 11 to 13%. Uremic sarcopenia is a typical consequence in these patients. It can cause physical disability and reduce autonomy and quality of life. Game therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic tool in rehabilitation, effectively addressing essential elements such as attention, motivation, and repetitiveness. This study aimed to design and evaluate the feasibility of a biomedical system created to encourage cycling exercise during hemodialysis, incorporating a serious game as a key component. Thirteen patients were involved in the study, 8 women and 5 men. The average age was 47.2 (±12.3) years. Time on hemodialysis was 52.6 (±31.1) months. The assessment protocol includes handgrip strength (HGS) by dynamometry, the 5 times sit-to-stand test (5x SST), and the gait speed test (GST). An average of 20 sessions were carried out twice a week, each taking 20 to 25 minutes. Patients showed significant improvements at the end of treatment, especially in HGS (p=0.05) and 5x SST (p=0.03). Preliminary results on the feasibility of the resource through the Likert scale satisfaction index were: 77% very satisfied, 23% satisfied, and no patient indicated dissatisfaction with participation in the sessions during the study. The good results in the measurements of controlled variables, and the strong patient acceptance shows great promise for the rehabilitation of individuals with kidney disease.

Inserido na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Itapocu, o município de Jaraguá do Sul tem sua biodiversidade pouco estudada. Assim, visou-se caracterizar a avifauna do Morro da Pedra Branca, situado em floresta ombrófila densa montana, em área rural pouco antropizada. Foram realizados registros (junho/2023 a julho/ 2024), por caminhamento, das 6h às 13h, quinzenalmente. Identificaram-se 67 espécies, de 29 famílias (10,6% das espécies de aves de Santa Catarina). As três famílias com o maior número de representantes foram Thraupidae, Tyranidae e Turdidae. Foram registradas espécies migratórias, dentre as quais: andorinha-pequena-de-casa (Pygochelidon cyanoleuca), cigarra-bambu (Haplospiza unicolor), sabiá-una (Turdus flavipes), sabiá-laranjeira (Turdus rufiventris), enferrujado (Lathrotriccus euleri), neinei (Megarynchus pitangua) e juruviara (Vireo chivi). Observaram-se quatro espécies com algum grau de vulnerabilidade: araponga (Procnias nudicollis) (NT), pixoxó (Sporophila frontalis) (VU), sanhaço-de-encontro-azul (Thraupis cyanoptera) (NT) e araçari-banana (Pteroglossus bailloni) (NT). Quanto ao hábito alimentar, evidenciaram-se espécies onívoras (51%), insetívoras (19%) e frugívoras (10%), principalmente. Os índices de diversidade e equitabilidade mostraram valores elevados. A curva de acumulação de espécies e os estimadores de riqueza indicam que o número de táxons presentes é superior ao identificado. A diversidade da avifauna registrada é considerável, em vista do tamanho da área estudada e do tempo de amostragem.

There is a great variety in the shapes and sizes of pollen grains, which facilitates the morphological characterization, making the analysis of pollen morphology an effective and fundamental tool in the taxonomic systematization. However, the presence of intraspecific pollen variation exists. This study aimed to verify intraspecific palynological variations in pollen grains among three ornamental plant species growing in different locations: Antigonon leptopus (Polygonaceae), Ixora chinensis (Rubiaceae), Pleroma mutabile (Melastomataceae). Two samples of each species were collected in two different regions (Itapoa and Joinville, Santa Catarina State, Brazil). The buds of the studied species were collected during field trips, the anthers were removed, macerated and acetolyzed, before preparing slides that were analyzed by light microscopy. The grains of the species studied showed variability in size from one municipality to another, with the grains of the species located in Joinville showing larger measurements of both the equatorial diameter and the polar axis when compared to those of the grains of the species from Itapoa. These results are of great importance for expanding studies in systematics, ecology, and plant physiology, demonstrating how different environmental conditions can influence the adaptation of species.

This study investigates the polarization of public sentiment on Twitter concerning COVID-19 vaccines versus traditional vaccines, analyzing discourse from 2015 to 2021. Utilizing Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) analysis on a large dataset of tweets, we find significantly more positive sentiment and expressions of collective achievement associated with COVID-19 vaccines compared to traditional vaccines, which conversely elicited higher negative sentiment, risk perception, and death-related discourse. These findings challenge prevailing narratives of generalized vaccine hesitancy, suggesting a distinct affective response to COVID-19 vaccines. We attribute this divergence to a confluence of factors, including the unique psychological context of the pandemic (e.g., rallying effects, anxiety management), demographic characteristics of platform users (e.g., optimism bias among younger cohorts), the influence of selective exposure within online environments, and perceptions shaped by the rapid vaccine development process. The results underscore the critical need for nuanced, context-specific public health communication strategies tailored to address the distinct factors shaping risk-benefit perceptions for different vaccine types within diverse online communities.